School Choice to Lower Secondary Schools and Mechanisms of Segregation in Urban Finland

We explore the interconnections of pupil admission and school choice with the socioeconomic composition of schools in the city of Espoo, Finland. We analyze pupil enrollment from residential areas, and compare the schools' expected and actual socioeconomic profiles using GIS software (MapInfo). Social-diversification mechanisms within urban comprehensive schooling emerged: Distinctive choices of language and selective classes are made predominantly by pupils from residential blocks with higher socioeconomic profiles. The role of urban segregation in school choice seems to be stronger than predicted. As mechanisms of educational distinction accompanied with grouping policies, choice leads to socioeconomic segregation across and within schools.Peer reviewe

Optimal Perioperative Fluid Therapy Associates with Fewer Complications After Pancreaticoduodenectomy

Background Optimal fluid management in pancreaticoduodenectomy patients remains contested. We aimed to examine the association between perioperative fluid administration and postoperative complications. Methods We studied 168 pancreaticoduodenectomy patients operated in 2015 (n = 93) or 2017 (n = 75) at Helsinki University Hospital. In 2015, patients received intraoperative fluids following a goal-directed approach and, in 2017, according to anesthesiologist's clinical practice (conventional fluid management). We analyzed the differences in perioperative fluid administration between the groups, specifically examining the occurrence of severe complications (Clavien-Dindo >= III), pancreatic fistulas, cardiovascular complications, and the length of hospital stay. Results The goal-directed group received more intraoperative fluids than the conventional fluid management group (12.0 ml/kg/h vs. 8.3 ml/kg/h, p < 0.001). Urine output (770 ml vs. 575 ml, p = 0.004) and intraoperative fluid balance (9.4 ml/kg/h vs. 6.3 ml/kg/h, p < 0.001) were higher in the goal-directed group than in the conventional fluid management group. Severe surgical complications (19.4% vs. 38.7%, p = 0.009) as well as clinically relevant pancreatic fistulas (1.1% vs. 10.7%, p = 0.011) occurred more frequently in patients receiving conventional fluid management. Moreover, the conventional fluid management group experienced longer hospital stays (9.0 vs. 11.5 days, p = 0.02). Lower intraoperative fluid volume accompanying conventional fluid management was associated with a higher risk of severe postoperative complications compared with higher volume in the goal-directed group (odds ratio 2.58 (95% confidence interval 1.04-6.42), p = 0.041). Conclusions The goal-directed group experienced severe complications less frequently. Our findings indicate that optimizing the intraoperative fluid administration benefits patients, while adopting a too-restrictive approach represents an inferior choice.Peer reviewe

Painotetun opetuksen oppilasvalikointi Suomen kaupunkikouluissa: pääsykriteerit ja ideaalioppilaan normit

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Painotetun opetuksen oppilasvalikointi Suomen kaupunkikouluissa: valintakriteerit ja ideaalioppilaan normi

Pupil selection to emphasised teaching in comprehensive schools in urban Finland: selection criteria and the norm of the ideal pupil In this article we research how pupil selection inside formally non-selective comprehensive schooling in Finland is governed and analyse the admission criteria cities (n=12) and schools use to select pupils for emphasised teaching. We analyse how the pupil selection criteria texts present content that requires different forms of capital (Bourdieu) to enrol to emphasised teaching. Use of the admission criteria was vast and varied nationally. It did not just evaluate pupil’s aptitudes in a certain emphasised discipline as legislation lines but applied much more versatile criteria. We argue that pupil selection texts create the norm of the ideal pupil preferred by emphasised teaching. Municipalities and schools are the key actors creating routes to social distinction inside comprehensive schooling

Introduction

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The Foundations of Critical Studies in Education in Finland

This chapter considers the historical roots of critical studies of Finnish education, particularly sociology, politics, and the history of education. It presents an interview with six emeriti professors who have participated in constructing the academic field. The chapter highlights their views about the greatest achievements of societally-oriented educational research in Finland, and what they considered the biggest disappointments or mistakes in this line of research.publishedVersionPeer reviewe