THE EFFECT OF FOUR WEEKS HIIT TRAINING WITH THE USE OF L-CARNITINE ON FAT PERCENTAGE OF TRAINED OVERWEIGHT WOMEN

The change in phenotype of adipose tissue as a result of practice is a new theory that has recently been proposed and its cell-molecular mechanism is under investigation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval associated with consumption of L-Carnitine on body composition factors in the selective Orexin hormone. The population was trained overweight women, 25 to 35, and out of which, 40 persons voluntarily participated in the study and were divided randomly into 4 groups of 10 people of L-Carnitine, placebo, HIIT and placebo, HIIT L-carnitine. For the sports background and non-suffering of disease, a questionnaire was used. After explaining on implementing the protocol, measuring body composition and blood samples were conducted. Next, the subjects were participated in an intense training programme (with a maximum power) during 12 sessions. Each of the exercise includes a 10-minute warm-up and then a repeated 10 times for 30 seconds and, then, cool down was performed in 5 to 10 minutes. Forty-eight hours after the last training session, the necessary measurement of body composition and blood samples were conducted and data were analyzed using SPSS software and statistical methods. Four weeks of taking L-carnitine, HIIT training with placebo and with L-Carnitine has a significant effect on the percentage of body fat in overweight trained women. Four weeks of HIIT training with L-Carnitine had a significant effect on the percentage of body fat.  Article visualizations

A 34-year-old Pregnant Woman with Chickenpox Re-infection

A 34-year-old pregnant woman was referred to our emergency ward, complaining of intensification of skin lesions which had started six days earlier. Initially, vesicular lesions had started from head and face accompanied by fever which turn to generalized pustular lesions expanded to the whole body within four days (figure 1). By investigating the patient's personal contact history, we found that same symptoms were detected in her 9-year-old child 19 days prior to admission which was diagnosed as chickenpox. The patient also had mentioned previous history of chicken pox infection at her age of seven. She was ill but not toxic and was conscious with a blood pressure of 98/59 mmHg, respiratory rate of 18 breaths per minute, heart rate of 100 beats per minute and oral temperature of 37.2 °C in physical examination. She didn't have respiratory distress, dyspnea, meningism symptoms (Kernig Sign, Brudzinksi, and Nuchal Rigidity), ataxia or sensory defect and her all other physical examinations were normal. Upon diagnosis of chickenpox, intravenous (IV) acyclovir 750 mg three times a day and also IV clindamycin 900 mg TDS in combination with IV fluid were administered and finally the patient was admitted in Infectious diseases ward

Recurrent acute myocardial infarction with coronary artery aneurysm in a patient with Behçet's disease: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Behçet's disease is an inflammatory disorder of unknown origin, with mucocutaneous, ocular, articular, vascular, gastrointestinal and central nervous system manifestations. Although cardiac involvement is not an uncommon manifestation of Behçet's disease, coronary aneurysm has rarely been reported.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 36-year-old Iranian man was admitted to our emergency department for retrosternal pain of two and a half hours duration. His detailed medical history revealed that he had no risk factors for coronary artery disease, however, Behçet's disease had been diagnosed about 10 years earlier. His electrocardiogram showed inferior myocardial infarction. He underwent coronary angiography that showed multiple giant aneurysms in his coronary arteries. Two months later, he experienced another episode of unstable angina. This was followed by two episodes of anterior myocardial infarction 2 and 5 months afterwards.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This case highlights the importance of careful diagnostic work-up in the evaluation of myocardial infarction in patients. In our patient, Behçet's disease proved to be the cause of recurrent myocardial infarction.</p

Preparation and Physicochemical Evaluation of Cochleate-based Carriers for Insulin

Introduction: Cochleates are&nbsp; cylindrical lipid structures that are more stable against oxidation and temperature than liposomes.&nbsp; Our research is formulation of&nbsp; cochleates for oral delivery of insulin as a model protein drug. Protein drugs are softer from environmental degradation and poor oral absorption; therefore any carrier system for their oral delivery must have protection against enzymes and absorption&nbsp; enhancing ability. Methods and Results: In this study, liposomes with different proportion of lipids (DPPC and DMPC) and cholesterol were prepared by film hydration method and converted to cochleates by hydrogel method with CaCl2 and MgCl2. Microscopically observation of structures was carried out by phase-contrast microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Physicochemical characteristics of these structures were evaluated by measuring size distribution&nbsp; using with&nbsp; laser light scattering technique, entrapment efficiency percentage, investigation of release profile, and stability of selected cochleates. HPLC method&nbsp; was used for analytical evaluation of entrapped and released insulin.Best formulation of liposomes contains 70% of lipid and 30% of cholesterol. According to microscopic size distribution, cochleates with CaCl2 bridges were better. The size of vesicles was less than 6 µm. Insulin entrapment efficiency of cochleates with DPPC was more than DMPC type. Between 60-70% of encochleated insulin released after 2-4 hours in a buffer with pH 6.8. Conclusions:The results shows that cochleates can be suitable oral delivery systems for insulin

Comparison the Effect of Simultaneous Sensory Stimulation and Current Occupational Therapy Approaches on Motor Development of the Infants with Down Syndrome

ObjectiveNeuromuscular characteristics in Down syndrome result in generalized muscular hypotonia, developmental delays and sensory integration deficits. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of simultaneous sensory stimulations and current occupational therapy approaches on motor functions development of infants with Down syndrome.Materials &amp; MethodsEighteen infants with Down syndrome, aged 6 -18 months, were evaluated in two groups: intervention group (simultaneous sensory stimulation and occupational therapy) and control group (occupational therapy alone). They attended the program 3 times a week for 6 months and each session lasted 45 minutes. Motor functions were assessed before, during, and after intervention in the two groups, using GMFM test.ResultsMean motor function increased in both groups according to the GMFM test (P = 0.000). Comparison of the changes showed that although the mean difference of this variable was higher in the intervention group, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.576).Mean motor deficit reduced in both groups during the period of the study,which was statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). Comparison of the difference in mean motor deficit in the first and last evaluations showed that this difference was more in the intervention group but statistically insignificant (P = 0.617)ConclusionEarly use of simultaneous sensory stimulations can improve the quality of motor skills in Down syndrome infants. It is suggested that it may be used as an early intervention in association with other methods in the rehabilitation of these patients. However, more studies in this regard are warranted

Crocin suppresses multidrug resistance in MRP overexpressing ovarian cancer cell line

Background Crocin, one of the main constituents of saffron extract, has numerous biological effects such as anti-cancer effects. Multidrug resistance- associated proteins 1 and 2 (MRP1 and MRP2) are important elements in the failure of cancer chemotherapy. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of crocin on MRP1 and MRP2 expression and function in human ovarian cancer cell line A2780 and its cisplatin-resistant derivative A2780/RCIS cells. Methods The cytotoxicity of crocin was assessed by the MTT assay. The effects of crocin on the MRP1 and MRP2 mRNA expression and function were assessed by real-time RT-PCR and MTT assays, respectively. Results Our study indicated that crocin reduced cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in which the reduction in proliferation rate was more noticeable in the A2780 cell line compared to A2780/RCIS. Crocin reduced MRP1 and MRP2 gene expression at the mRNA level in A2780/RCIS cells. It increased doxorubicin cytotoxicity on the resistant A2780/RCIS cells in comparison with the drug-sensitive A2780 cells. Conclusion Totally, these results indicated that crocin could suppress drug resistance via down regulation of MRP transporters in the human ovarian cancer resistant cell line

Hub Covering Location Problem Considering Queuing and Capacity Constraints

In this paper, a hub covering location problem is considered. Hubs, which are the most congested part of a network, are modeled as M/M/C queuing system and located in placeswhere the entrance flows are more than a predetermined value.A fuzzy constraint is considered in order to limit the transportation time between all origin-destination pairs in the network.On modeling, a nonlinear mathematical program is presented.Then, the nonlinear constraints are convertedto linear ones.Due to the computational complexity of the problem,genetic algorithm (GA),particle swarm optimization (PSO)based heuristics, and improved hybrid PSO are developedto solve the problem. Since the performance of the given heuristics is affected by the corresponding parameters of each, Taguchi method is appliedin order to tune the parameters. Finally,the efficiency ofthe proposed heuristicsis studied while designing a number of test problems with different sizes.The computational results indicated the greater efficiency of the heuristic GA compared to the other methods for solving the proble

Comparing the Effect of Vitamin E and N-Acetylcysteine on Prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Diabetic Patients under Coronary Angiography

Introduction:&nbsp; Considering the incidence of contrast&nbsp; induced&nbsp; nephropathy&nbsp; (CIN) as well as&nbsp; its&nbsp; complications&nbsp; and&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; costs,&nbsp; prevention&nbsp; and&nbsp; reducing&nbsp; the&nbsp; risk&nbsp; of&nbsp; CIN&nbsp; is&nbsp; an&nbsp; essential&nbsp; issue.&nbsp; The&nbsp; present&nbsp; study&nbsp; aimed&nbsp; to&nbsp; evaluate&nbsp; the&nbsp; efficacy&nbsp; of&nbsp; vitamin&nbsp; E&nbsp; and&nbsp; N-acetylcysteine&nbsp; (NAC)&nbsp; on the prevention&nbsp; of&nbsp; CIN&nbsp; in&nbsp; diabetic&nbsp; patients&nbsp; undergoing&nbsp; coronary&nbsp; angiography. Materials and Methods:&nbsp; 360&nbsp; patients&nbsp; with&nbsp; diabetes&nbsp; who&nbsp; required&nbsp; angiography,&nbsp; including&nbsp; patients&nbsp; with&nbsp; stable&nbsp; angina&nbsp; susceptible&nbsp; to&nbsp; acute&nbsp; myocardial&nbsp; infarction&nbsp; and&nbsp; patients&nbsp; with&nbsp; acute&nbsp; coronary&nbsp; syndrome&nbsp; were&nbsp; included&nbsp; and&nbsp; randomized&nbsp; into&nbsp; three&nbsp; groups .&nbsp; Group&nbsp; 1&nbsp; received&nbsp; serum&nbsp; therapy&nbsp; (Normal Saline)&nbsp; plus&nbsp; NAC&nbsp; and&nbsp; placebo&nbsp; of&nbsp; vitamin&nbsp; E,&nbsp; group&nbsp; 2&nbsp; received&nbsp; serum&nbsp; therapy&nbsp; plus&nbsp; vitamin&nbsp; E&nbsp; and&nbsp; placebo&nbsp; of&nbsp; NAC,&nbsp; and&nbsp; group&nbsp; 3&nbsp; only&nbsp; received&nbsp; serum&nbsp; therapy&nbsp; with&nbsp; two&nbsp; placebos&nbsp; of&nbsp; NAC&nbsp; and&nbsp; vitamin&nbsp; E.&nbsp; The groups were compared considering CIN after angiography. Results:&nbsp; A&nbsp; total&nbsp; of&nbsp; 93&nbsp; patients&nbsp; were&nbsp; studied&nbsp; in&nbsp; group&nbsp; 1,&nbsp; 94&nbsp; in&nbsp; group&nbsp; 2,&nbsp; and&nbsp; 113&nbsp; in&nbsp; group&nbsp; 3.&nbsp; CIN&nbsp; occurred&nbsp; in&nbsp; 4&nbsp; patients&nbsp; (4.3%),&nbsp; 4&nbsp; patients&nbsp; (4.3%),&nbsp; and&nbsp; 8&nbsp; patients&nbsp; (7.1%)&nbsp; in&nbsp; groups&nbsp; 1,&nbsp; 2,&nbsp; and&nbsp; 3,&nbsp; respectively&nbsp; (P=0.58).&nbsp; There was&nbsp; a&nbsp; significant&nbsp; difference&nbsp; in&nbsp; mean&nbsp; difference&nbsp; of&nbsp; creatinine&nbsp; levels&nbsp; before&nbsp; and&nbsp; after&nbsp; study&nbsp; in&nbsp; groups&nbsp; 1&nbsp; and&nbsp; 2&nbsp; (both&nbsp; P&lt;0.001).&nbsp; In&nbsp; the&nbsp; subgroup&nbsp; of&nbsp; patients&nbsp; with&nbsp; chronic&nbsp; kidney&nbsp; disease,&nbsp; NAC&nbsp; significantly&nbsp; reduced&nbsp; CIN&nbsp; (P=0.03). Conclusion:&nbsp; The results&nbsp; suggested&nbsp; efficacy&nbsp; of&nbsp; both&nbsp; interventions,&nbsp; considering&nbsp; reduction&nbsp; of&nbsp; mean&nbsp; Serum creatinine ( Scr) after&nbsp; the&nbsp; study,&nbsp; while&nbsp; lack&nbsp; of&nbsp; significant&nbsp; difference&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; incidence&nbsp; of&nbsp; CIN&nbsp; could&nbsp; be&nbsp; because&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; low&nbsp; number&nbsp; of&nbsp; CIN&nbsp; in&nbsp; our&nbsp; study.&nbsp; The second&nbsp; important&nbsp; finding&nbsp; of&nbsp; this&nbsp; study,&nbsp; probably the&nbsp; reduced&nbsp; risk&nbsp; of&nbsp; CIN&nbsp; in&nbsp; diabetic&nbsp; patients&nbsp; with&nbsp; chronic&nbsp; kidney&nbsp; disease&nbsp; receiving&nbsp; NAC,&nbsp; recommends&nbsp; the&nbsp; use&nbsp; of&nbsp; NAC&nbsp; for&nbsp; prevention&nbsp; of&nbsp; CIN,&nbsp; especially&nbsp; in&nbsp; this&nbsp; subgroup&nbsp; of&nbsp; patients&nbsp; undergoing&nbsp; angiography

Application of Support Vector Machine and Boosted Tree Algorithm for Rainfall-Runoff Modeling (Case Study: Tabriz Plain)

This research focused on the application of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Boosted Trees (BT) algorithms for simulating precipitation and runoff in two stations, Akhula and Pole Senikh, in the Tabriz Plain, Iran. Meteorological and hydrometric data were collected from 24 stations in the Tabriz watershed, obtained from the Regional Water Company and East Azerbaijan Meteorological Organization. Precipitation and runoff values were used as input to the model with a one-day time lag, and monthly runoff values were estimated and compared with monthly observations using evaluation criteria. The results showed that for both study periods, SVM model performed better than BT model for Akhula station, while BT model performed better than SVM model for Pole Senikh station. Additionally, the cross-correlation coefficient for the two study periods was found to be 0.83 and 0.82 for Akhula station, and 0.83 and 0.77 for Pole Senikh station, respectively. In the time series results, there was no clear trend in precipitation over the observation period. However, river flows at the Ahvaz and Pole Senikh stations, particularly after 1995, showed a significant decline, mainly due to factors such as runoff, agricultural expansion, and industrial developmen

The Positive Effect of Atropa belladonna on Inflammatory Cytokines in the Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and demyelination of the central nervous system. Given the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of MS and the anti-inflammatory effect of Atropa belladonna (AB), the aim of this study was to determine the effect of AB on inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors in MOG35-55 induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).Methods: Thirty-two purebred C57BL/6 mice, weighing (20 ± 2g) were randomly assigned to the 4 groups: control, and three experimental groups: EAE, EAE + AB100, and EAE + AB300 that after EAE induction received 0, 100, and 300 mg/kg AB daily. AB was dissolved in PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) and the volume of gavage in all groups was 100 μL. After 30 days, the mice were weighed, anesthetized with ether and blood was collected directly from the heart. Specific animal ELISA kits measured the inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-17, IL-4, and TNF-α). One-way ANOVA with Duncan post hoc test was used for comparison between groups.Results: EAE increased serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-17, and decreased IL-10 and IL-4 compared to the control group. AB significantly decreased the mean level of TNF-α, IL-17 and increased IL-10 and IL-4 compared with EAE group. The effect of 300 mg/kg was clearly better than 100 mg/kg. There was also a significant difference between the control group and the 300 mg/kg group.Conclusion: In the present study, AB plant extract increased serum levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines in the MS animal model