Cosmology from quantum potential in brane-anti-brane system

Recently, some authors removed the big-bang singularity and predicted an infinite age of our universe. In this paper, we show that the same result can be obtained in string theory and M-theory; however, the shape of universe changes in different epochs. In our mechanism, first, N fundamental string decay to N D0-anti-D0-brane. Then, D0-branes join to each other, grow and and form a six-dimensional brane-antibrane system. This system is unstable, broken and present form of four dimensional universes , one anti-universe in additional to one wormhole are produced. Thus, there isn't any big-bang in cosmology and universe is a fundamental string at the beginning. Also, total age of universe contains two parts, one in related to initial age and second which is corresponded to present age of universe ($t_{tot}=t_{initial}+t_{present}$). On the other hand, initial age of universe includes two parts, the age of fundamental string and time of transition ($t_{initial}=t_{transition}+t_{f-string}$). We observe that only in the case of ($t_{f-string}\rightarrow \infty$), the scale factor of universe is zero and as a result, total age of universe is infinity.Comment: 12 pages, published in Phys.Lett.

Exploring extra dimensions by the help of DNAs of the egg cell and the earth

In this research, we introduce two natural telescope for detecting events of extra dimensions. First, we will show that missing genes which are needed for keepping the animals alive, could be existed in extra dimensions. These genes could act like the receiver or sender of radio waves and transmit information from extra dimensions into our universe. These genes could lead to some changes in radiated waves of egg cells and missing some electrons. Thus, by considering evolutions of egg cells, we can obtain some information about biological events interior of extra dimensions. However, this system can only send us a report of biological events and for considering cosmological events, we need to a bigger object. We show that earth has a system similar to the DNAs in egg cell however with the cosmological size and can communicate with objects in extra dimensions. This DNA-like shell is located interior of the earth's core and leads to the emergence of high temperature. Exchanging information between the earth's DNA like shell and objects in extra dimensions leads to the production of some extra matters around the core, unstability interior of the earth's layers and the emergence of some earthquakes

Emergence of cancer by exchanging fields of microgravity between earth's DNA and dark DNAs in extra dimensions

Recently, it has been shown that in the absence of gravity, microgravity let us to explore some new fields which have direct effects on the communications between cells and their growth. We show that the origin of these fields may be some DNA-like structures interior of the earth's core. These structures have a long around $10^{9}$ times the diameter of the earth which are compacted in very smaller places like the core of the earth. This compacting is very similar to the compacting of DNAs interior of cells and leads to the emergence of high temperature and pressure. We measure temperature around DNA-like structures and show that it is in good agreement with predicted temperature of core. Also, we calculate number of microstates of DNA-like structures in microgravity. We will show that DNA-like structures of the core exchange microstates and fields with dark part of DNA in extra dimensions. This dark DNA includes missing genes that are needed for the animal's life and their chemical products can be observed in the activity of body.In microgravity, the absence of gravity lets to DNA-like structures to recover more states of dark DNAs. These extra states accelerate the production of extra cells and may lead to the cancer. To show this, we inject tumor cells into two fertilized eggs and incubate them for 58h. Then, we put one of them in a devices similar to clinostat and try to provide the conditions of incubation in microgravity. We consider the growth of tumor cells under microgravity and compare with normal conditions. We observe that fields of microgravity increase the velocity of production of tumor cells. This experiment confirms our theory that in the absence of gravity, communications between DNA-like structure of the earth and dark DNA leads to the an increase in number of microstates of cancerous cells

A bridge between unified cosmic history by f(R)f(R)-gravity and BIonic system

Recently, the cosmological deceleration-acceleration transition redshift in $f(R)$ gravity has been considered in order to address consistently the problem of cosmic evolution. It is possible to show that the deceleration parameter changes sign at a given redshift according to observational data. Furthermore, a $f(R)$ gravity cosmological model can be constructed in brane-antibrane system starting from the very early universe and accounting for the cosmological redshift at all phases of cosmic history, from inflation to late time acceleration. Here we propose a $f(R)$ model where transition redshifts correspond to inflation-deceleration and deceleration-late time acceleration transitions starting froma BIon system. At the point where the universe was born, due to the transition of $k$ black fundamental strings to the BIon configuration, the redshift is approximately infinity and decreases with reducing temperature ($z\sim T^{2}$). The BIon is a configuration in flat space of a universe-brane and a parallel anti-universe-brane connected by a wormhole. This wormhole is a channel for flowing energy from extra dimensions into our universe, occurring at inflation and decreasing with redshift as $z\sim T^{4+1/7}$. Dynamics consists with the fact that the wormhole misses its energy and vanishes as soon as inflation ends and deceleration begins. Approaching two universe branes together, a tachyon is originated, it grows up and causes the formation of a wormhole. We show that, in the framework of $f(R)$ gravity, the cosmological redshift depends on the tachyonic potential and has a significant decrease at deceleration-late time acceleration transition point ($z\sim T^{2/3}$). As soon as today acceleration approaches, the redshift tends to zero and the cosmological model reduces to the standard $\Lambda$CDM cosmology.Comment: 12 page

Epicardial adipose tissue thickness as an independent predictor of ventricular tachycardia recurrence following ablation

Although several investigations have shown a relationship between increased epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and atrial fibrillation (AF), the association between EAT and ventricular tachycardia (VT) has not been evaluated. We investigated the association between EAT and post-ablation VT recurrence. In this study, sixty-one consecutive patients (mean age=62.0±13.9) undergoing VT ablation with pre-procedural cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were recruited. EAT thickness was measured using cardiac MRI in the right and left atrioventricular grooves (AVGs), RV free wall, anterior, inferior, and superior interventricular grooves (IVGs). During a mean follow-up period of 392.9±180.2 days, post-ablation VT recurrence occurred in 15 (24.6%) patients. EAT thickness was significantly higher in the VT recurrence group than that in the non-recurrent VT at the right (18.7±5.7 vs. 14.1±4.4 mm; p=0.012) and left (13.3±3.9 vs. 10.4±4.1; p=0.020) AVGs. The best cut-off points for predicting VT recurrence were calculated as 15.5 mm for the right AVG (area under ROC curve=0.74) and 11.5 mm for the left AVG (area under ROC curve=0.72). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that pre procedural right AVG-EAT (HR: 1.2; 95% CI: [1.06-1.39], p=0.004) was the only independent predictor of VT recurrence after adjustment for covariates. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a difference for post-ablation VT recurrence between the two groups with right AVG-EAT thickness cut-off value of <15.5 mm versus ≥15.5 mm (log-rank, p=0.003). Based on the finding of this study, we suggested a new possible imaging marker for risk stratification of post-ablation VT recurrence. A higher EAT may be associated with VT recurrence after catheter ablation of VTs.:Epicardial Adipose Tissue Anatomy Embryology Physiology and Pathophysiology Measurement of EAT EAT and heart disorders Future direction VT Catheter Ablation History of VT ablation Catheter ablation for VT in structural and non-structural heart Outcome of VT catheter ablation Predictors of VT recurrence after catheter ablation Objectives of the thesis Publication Summary Reference