Gender, Social Networks, and Microenterprise: Differences in Network Effects on Business Performance

This article aims to find if female micro-entrepreneurs have different social networks that affect their business performance from males. This article uses the longitudinal Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamic (PSED) II data set (2005-2011) in the U.S. The key finding is that even in cases where female micro-entrepreneurs gained the same number of weak ties and resources from their networks as their male counterparts, their weak ties and gained resources did not help them to improve their business performance unlike their male counterparts. Implications for Microenterprise Development Programs and future studies are informed

The Impact of Gender and Social Networks on Microenterprise Business Performance

Why are some people more successful than others in starting new businesses? Are women more or less successful than men? This study investigates relationships among gender, social networks, and microenterprise business performance. It examines existing theories and research on gender differences in social networks and whether gender differences affect female micro-entrepreneurs’ business performance. The purpose of this study is to help U.S. Microenterprise Development Programs create strategies to enhance the ability of female micro-entrepreneurs to gain economic benefits from their social networks. The paper identifies key gaps in theory, proposes an alternative research framework, and suggests directions for future research and policy and program development

The Study On The Effects Of Organizational Members Job Burnout

The rapidity with which the concept of job burnout has been incorporated into everyone's life is astonishing. During the two decades, many organizational members had been experienced job stresses. Because of chromic job stresses, they have fallen into job burnout. Generally speaking, Job burnout is a prolonged response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stressors on the job, and is defined by the three dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. But there are not enough studies about a profession outside human service. In this point of view, this study examines the effect of organizational member's job burnout on job performance and what are the major antecedents of job burnout. Also the present study is designed to test the moderating effect of supervisor's support, job discretion, and self-esteem on relationship between role overload and role conflict and members' job burnout.   The purposes of this study are as follows;  First of all, this study purposed to examine the factors which affect the organizational members’ job burnout.  Secondly, this study was to examine the effect of the members' job burnout on job performance. Thirdly, this study aimed to test moderating effect of supervisor's support, job discretion, and self-esteem on relationship between role overload and role conflict and the members' job burnout.  For the practical analysis, 100 structured questionnaires were distributed to Korean employees in Korean employees in Busan, and Gyeongnam, Korea. 100 questionnaires were distributed and 100 were returned. However, 3 questionnaires out of those returned were considered to be statistically valueless for analysis since some questions were left unanswered and some were clearly biased. Therefore, a total of 97 questionnaires were used for analysis. The collected data has been analyzed by using SPSS 12.0 for windows. The statistical techniques used in this study were descriptive analysis, reliability test, factor analysis, discriminate analysis, correlation analysis, multi regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis.  The major findings of the study are as follows;  First of all, role overload and role conflict are shown to be the major antecedents of job burnout, particularly of the exhaustion and disengagement components. Secondly, the disengagement of job burnout was related to lower levels of job performance.  Thirdly, moderating effect of supervisor's support on the relationship between role overload and the members of exhaustion was statistically significant. But moderating effect of job performance and self-esteem was not significant

a comparison with the European socail economy

Thesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Policy,2007masterpublishedby Kim Seon-Mi

Embedded Librarian Program and Its Impact on Students’ Learning Outcomes

The purpose of this project is to find out how effective an embedded librarian program is at increasing community college students’ performance on a course assignment on an annotated bibliography and a research paper. This is a collaborative project between a librarian and an English instructor. Participants in this study are Queensborough Community College students enrolled in English 101 and English 102 classes during the fall 2014 semester and the spring 2015 semester. There are 4 classes of English 101 and 3 classes of English 102. An annotated bibliography is the assignment used as a means of measuring students’ performance. A scoring rubric (total of 5 points) is employed to grade student wor

Correction to our paper: Projective systems supported on the complement of two linear subspaces (Bull. Korean Math. Soc. 37 (2000), 493[--]505)

In our previous paper (Bull. Korean Math. Soc. 37 (2000), 493--505), we claimed a theorem on a certain subset of a projective space over a finite field (Theorem~3.1). Recently, however, Professor Kato pointed out that our proof does not work if the field consists of two elements. Here we give an alternative proof of the theorem for the exceptional case

Synergistic Uric Acid-Lowering Effects of the Combination of Chrysanthemum indicum

Chrysanthemum indicum Linne flower (CF) and Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Persl bark (CB) extracts have served as the main ingredients in several prescriptions designed to treat hyperuricemia and gout in traditional Chinese and Korean medicine. However, little is known about the combination effects of a CF and CB (CC) mixture on hyperuricemia. In our study, we investigated the antihyperuricemic effects of CC mixture and the mechanisms underlying these effects in normal and potassium oxonate- (PO-) induced hyperuricemic rats. The CC mixture significantly decreased uric acid levels in normal and PO-induced hyperuricemic rats and showed the enhanced hypouricemic effect compared to CF or CB alone. Furthermore, the CC mixture increased renal uric acid excretion in PO-induced hyperuricemic rat. We found that CC mixture and its major components, chlorogenic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (isochlorogenic acid), coumarin, cinnamaldehyde, trans-cinnamic acid, and o-methoxycinnamaldehyde, inhibit the activity of xanthine oxidase (XOD) in vitro. The CC mixture exerts antihyperuricemic effects accompanied partially by XOD activity inhibition. Therefore, the CC mixture may have potential as a treatment for hyperuricemia and gout

TCF/β-catenin plays an important role in HCCR-1 oncogene expression

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Oncogene <it>HCCR-1 </it>functions as a negative regulator of the p53 and contributes to tumorigenesis of various human tissues. However, it is unknown how <it>HCCR-1 </it>contributes to the cellular and biochemical mechanisms of human tumorigenesis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this study, we showed how the expression of <it>HCCR-1 </it>is modulated. The luciferase activity assay indicated that the <it>HCCR-1 </it>5'-flanking region at positions -166 to +30 plays an important role in <it>HCCR-1 </it>promoter activity. Computational analysis of this region identified two consensus sequences for the T-cell factor (TCF) located at -26 to -4 (Tcf1) and -136 to -114 (Tcf2). Mutation at the Tcf1 site led to a dramatic decrease in promoter activity. Mobility shift assays (EMSA) revealed that nuclear proteins bind to the Tcf1 site, but not to the Tcf2 site. LiCl, Wnt signal activator by GSK-3β inhibition, significantly increased reporter activities in wild-type Tcf1-containing constructs, but were without effect in mutant Tcf1-containing constructs in HEK/293 cells. In addition, endogenous <it>HCCR-1 </it>expression was also increased by treatment with GSK-3β inhibitor, LiCl or AR-A014418 in HEK/293 and K562 cells. Finally, we also observed that the transcription factor, TCF, and its cofactor, β-catenin, bound to the Tcf1 site.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These findings suggest that the Tcf1 site on the <it>HCCR-1 </it>promoter is a major element regulating <it>HCCR-1 </it>expression and abnormal stimulation of this site may induce various human cancers.</p