LACK OF THE ANTIMUTAGENIC EFFECT OF ASCORBIC ACID ON THE GENOTOXICITY OF ALBENDAZOLE IN MOUSE BONE MARROW CELLS

The present study was designed to evaluate the genotoxicity of albendazole (ABZ) in mice using the micronucleus test. Mice were treated by gavage with 500, 1,000, and 1,500 mg of ABZ kg(-1) b.w., which corresponds to 1/6, 1/3, and 1/2 of the oral LD50 of ABZ. In the second part of the study, the possible protective role of vitamin C (vit. C) was investigated against the genotoxic effect of ABZ. The mice received 200 mg of vit C kg(-1) b.w. simutaneously with ABZ. Bone marrow samples were taken 48 h after the treatment. ABZ induced a statistically significant increase (P<0.001) in the percentage of micronucleaoted polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) in the 1,000 and 1,500 mg of ABZ kg(-1) b.w. treatment groups when compared with the negative control. On the other hand, the percentage of induced MNPCE was reduced at various levels in all ABZ treated groups simultaneously treated with an oral administration of vit. C. There were no statistically significant differences in the MNPCE frequency of these groups. The results of the study indicated that ABZ is a potential genotoxic agent, and that no protective effects of vit. C were observed against the genotoxicity of ABZ

A study on the effects of various combustion parameters on the mineral composition of Tuncbilek fly ash

This study investigated the mineral composition and morphology of ash obtained from laboratory equipment and power plant fly ash from a Turkish lignite. In accordance with this purpose, combustion experiments were conducted for different heating rates in a temperature range of 800-1000 degrees C using different laboratory scale equipment: drop tube furnace (DTF) (similar to 10(5) degrees C/s), wire mesh reactor (WMR) (similar to 10(3) degrees C/s) and muffle furnace (MF) (similar to 10 degrees C/min). The resulting ashes were compared with the ones obtained from power plant. The main phases present in all ashes were quartz, mullite, and hematite. Temperature increase resulted in an increase of mullite and hematite for both muffle furnace (11-14%) and drop tube furnace (6-8%) ashes. The heating rate and residence time had a definite effect on the kaolinite phase. At high heating rates (10(5) degrees C/s), kaolinite was still present at 1000 degrees C, whereas at lower heating rates (1 degrees C/s and 10(3) degrees C/s), it was not. A decrease in ash crystallinity from 43 to 33% was observed with an increase in heating rate from 1 to 10(5) degrees C/s. The temperature and the residence time were decisive factors on ash crystallinity. Power plant fly ash (high temperature, short residence time) and muffle furnace ash (low temperature, long residence time) presented the highest crystallinity (48 and 43%, respectively) among all combustion equipment. In general, MF and WMR ashes showed similar morphology; on the other hand, DTF ashes resembled the ones from PP

The investigation of damage in the muscle tissue with the oxidant/antioxidant balance and the extent of postmortem DNA damage in rats

The relationship of the extent of DNA damage and certain components of the oxidant/antioxidant balance in rat femoral muscle tissue with the post-mortem intervals was investigated and examined by making direct comparison with the histopathological findings. The results have shown that the oxidant/antioxidant balance in the striated muscle tissue to remain constant at the 0 hours post-mortem; to shift mildly in favour of the oxidants at 2 hours post-mortem; to shift moderately in favour of the oxidants at 3 hours post-mortem; and, to shift severely in favour of the oxidants at 4 and 5 hours post-mortem. The amount of DNA damaged products was detected to increase at 4 and 5 post-mortem hours when the oxidant/antioxidant balance became severely shifted. The biochemical findings were found to be in full accordance with the histopathological findings. The above-mentioned findings indicate that DNA becomes subjected to degradation at the hours after post-mortem when the oxidants are strongly predominate

Biochemically and histopathologically comparative review of thiamine's and thiamine pyrophosphate's oxidative stress effects generated with methotrexate in rat liver

PubMed: 23197226Background: Oxidative liver injury occurring with methotrexate restricts its use in the desired dose. Therefore, whether or not thiamine and thiamine pyrophosphate, whose antioxidant activity is known, have protective effects on oxidative liver injury generated with methotrexate was comparatively researched in rats using biochemical and histopathological approaches. Material/Methods: Thiamine pyrophosphate+methotrexate, thiamine+methotrexate, and methotrexate were injected intraperitoneally in rats for 7 days. After this period, all animals' livers were excised, killing them with high-dose anesthesia, and histopathologic and biochemical investigations were made. Result: Biochemical results demonstrated a significant elevation in level of oxidant parameters such as MDA and MPO, and a reduction in antioxidant parameters such as GSH and SOD in the liver tissue of the methotrexate group. Also, the quantity of 8-OHdG/dG, a DNA injury product, was higher in the methotrexate group with high oxidant levels and low antioxidant levels, and the quantity of 8-OHdG/dG was in the thiamine pyrophosphate group with low oxidant levels and high antioxidant levels. In the thiamine and control groups, the 8-OHdG/dG rate was 1.48±0.35 pmol/L (P>0.05) and 0.55±0.1 pmol/L (P<0.0001). Thiamine pyrophosphate significantly decreased blood AST, ALT and LDH, but methotrexate and thiamine did not decrease the blood levels of AST, ALT and LDH. Histopathologically, although centrilobular necrosis, apoptotic bodies and inflammation were monitored in the methotrexate group, the findings in the thiamine pyrophosphate group were almost the same as in the control group. Conclusions: Thiamine pyrophosphate was found to be effective in methotrexate hepatotoxicity, but thiamine was ineffective. © Med Sci Monit, 2012

Exogenous ATP administration prevents ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and tissue injury by modulation of hypoxanthine metabolic pathway in rat ovary

In this study, xanthine oxidase (XO), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and glutathione (GSH) levels in the ovarian tissues of rats during the development of ischemia and postischemia-induced reperfusion were investigated, and the effect of ATP on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage was biochemically and histopathologically examined. The results of the biochemical analyses demonstrated that ATP significantly reduced the level of XO and MDA and increased the amount of GSH in both ischemia and I/R-applied ovarian tissue at the doses administered. Furthermore, ATP significantly suppressed the increase in MPO activity that occurred following the application of post ischemia reperfusion in the ovarian tissue. The biochemical results obtained in the present study coincide with the histological findings. The severity of the pathological findings, such as dilatation, congestion, haemorrhage, oedema and polymorphonuclear nuclear leukocytes (PMNLs), increased in parallel with the increase observed in the products of XO metabolism. In conclusion, exogenously applied ATP prevented I/R damage by reducing the formation of XO in ischemic ovarian tissue

Exogenous ATP administration prevents ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and tissue injury by modulation of hypoxanthine metabolic pathway in rat ovary

Gul, Mehmet Ali/0000-0002-5849-0116; Cetin, Nihal/0000-0003-3233-8009; Gul, Mehmet Ali/0000-0002-5849-0116; AKSOY, Ayse Nur/0000-0002-3793-9797WOS: 000339538600020In this study, xanthine oxidase (XO), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and glutathione (GSH) levels in the ovarian tissues of rats during the development of ischemia and postischemia-induced reperfusion were investigated, and the effect of ATP on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage was biochemically and histopathologically examined. the results of the biochemical analyses demonstrated that ATP significantly reduced the level of XO and MDA and increased the amount of GSH in both ischemia and I/R-applied ovarian tissue at the doses administered. Furthermore, ATP significantly suppressed the increase in MPO activity that occurred following the application of post ischemia reperfusion in the ovarian tissue. the biochemical results obtained in the present study coincide with the histological findings. the severity of the pathological findings, such as dilatation, congestion, haemorrhage, oedema and polymorphonuclear nuclear leukocytes (PMNLs), increased in parallel with the increase observed in the products of XO metabolism. in conclusion, exogenously applied ATP prevented I/R damage by reducing the formation of XO in ischemic ovarian tissue

Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters and Gait Asymmetry in Patients With Lumbar Disc Herniation, Treated With Microdiscectomy: A Prospective, Observational Study

Objective The aim of this study was to emphasize on the interaction of spatial and temporal gait parameters and analyse the gait asymmetry in the patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) before and after microdiscectomy. Methods This was a prospective, observational study conducted on 59 cases of LDH planned for lumbar microdiscectomy, and healthy control group with 54 participants for analysis was performed prior to surgery and 15 days after surgery. The spatiotemporal gait parameters were measured using a “Win-Track” gait analysis platform system. All the participants walked barefoot for 10 times with their normal walking speed in the same day. The 3 flawless walking data were recorded and the arithmetic means were computed. The gait symmetry index was used to calculate the walking asymmetry. The pain intensity of the patients was recorded shortly before performing the analysis by a visual analogue scale. Results In the postoperative assessment LDH patients had significantly shorter temporal parameters, longer spatial parameters, faster walking speed, and more cadence than the preoperative assessment (p 0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference in all parameters in terms of gait asymmetry between the postoperative assessment and the healthy controls (p < 0.05). Conclusion These results can guide the patient-specific evaluating and implementation of gait rehabilitation programs, and design protocols before or after surgery in the LDH patients