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Transcriptome profiling reveals the crucial biological pathways involved in cold response in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis).
Most bamboo species including Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) are tropical or subtropical plants that greatly contribute to human well-being. Low temperature is one of the main environmental factors restricting bamboo growth and geographic distribution. Our knowledge of the molecular changes during bamboo adaption to cold stress remains limited. Here, we provided a general overview of the cold-responsive transcriptional profiles in Moso bamboo by systematically analyzing its transcriptomic response under cold stress. Our results showed that low temperature induced strong morphological and biochemical alternations in Moso bamboo. To examine the global gene expression changes in response to cold, 12 libraries (non-treated, cold-treated 0.5, 1 and 24 h at -2 °C) were sequenced using an Illumina sequencing platform. Only a few differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at early stage, while a large number of DEGs were identified at late stage in this study, suggesting that the majority of cold response genes in bamboo are late-responsive genes. A total of 222 transcription factors from 24 different families were differentially expressed during 24-h cold treatment, and the expressions of several well-known C-repeat/dehydration responsive element-binding factor negative regulators were significantly upregulated in response to cold, indicating the existence of special cold response networks. Our data also revealed that the expression of genes related to cell wall and the biosynthesis of fatty acids were altered in response to cold stress, indicating their potential roles in the acquisition of bamboo cold tolerance. In summary, our studies showed that both plant kingdom-conserved and species-specific cold response pathways exist in Moso bamboo, which lays the foundation for studying the regulatory mechanisms underlying bamboo cold stress response and provides useful gene resources for the construction of cold-tolerant bamboo through genetic engineering in the future
catena-Poly[[dichloridozinc(II)]-μ-[1,1′-(butane-1,4-diÂyl)diimidazole-κ2 N 3:N 3′]]
The title one-dimensional coordination polymer, [ZnCl2(C10H14N4)]n, was synthesized by hydroÂthermal methods from ZnCl2 and 1,1′-(butane-1,4-diÂyl)diimidazole. The Zn atom is coordinated by two chloride ions and two N atoms from two symmetry-independent organic ligands and shows a distorted tetraÂhedral coordination geometry. The 1,1′-(butane-1,4-diÂyl)diimidazole ligands are located around two sets of inversion centers and bridge ZnII ions, forming a zigzag polymeric chain. C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding results in the formation of a three-dimensional supraÂmolecular networ
Case Report: Imaging features of a new type double inferior vena cava malformation and review
BackgroundDouble inferior vena cava (DIVC) is a rare vascular malformation. With advances in radiological techniques and diagnosis, more and more types of DIVC were identified and diagnosed. Recognition of the variety of DIVC seen on imaging is essential for subsequent venous interventions.Case presentationA 77-year-old man presented with low back pain with left lower limb pain for 1 month. Scattered petechiae above the skin surface on the left lower leg, especially on the extensor surface, with flaking and mild tingling of the skin, were noted 3 weeks ago. Ultrasound revealed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the left lower limb. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) suggested no significant thrombus in the pulmonary artery. Computed tomography venography (CTV) of bilateral lower limbs showed that iliac vein compression syndrome with formation of deep and superficial venous traffic branches in bilateral lower limbs, predominantly on the left side. CTV of the inferior vena cava (IVC) suggested that the left common iliac vein crossed the common iliac artery bifurcation from dorsal to ventral and continued to travel cranially as a ventral vessel, and connected with the ventral IVC anterior to the right common iliac artery. The right common iliac vein extended cephalad as a dorsal vessel, which was narrowed at the level of 4th lumbar vertebra by compression of the hyperplastic bone and the osteophyte. The patient was discharged after right and left common iliac vein angiography and balloon dilation of bilateral common iliac vein.ConclusionThe formation of both ventrally and dorsally aligned DIVC is rarer. It should be clarified the effects of DIVC on DVT formation, and the importance of imaging for preoperative planning
Phantom Behavior Bounce with Tachyon and Non-minimal Derivative Coupling
The bouncing cosmology provides a successful solution of the cosmological
singularity problem. In this paper, we study the bouncing behavior of a single
scalar field model with tachyon field non-minimally coupled to itself, its
derivative and to the curvature. By utilizing the numerical calculations we
will show that the bouncing solution can appear in the universe dominated by
such a quintom matter with equation of state crossing the phantom divide line.
We also investigate the classical stability of our model using the phase
velocity of the homogeneous perturbations of the tachyon scalar field.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in JCAP. arXiv admin
note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1105.496
Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction and Spiral Order in Spin-orbit Coupled Optical Lattices
We show that the recent experimental realization of spin-orbit coupling in
ultracold atomic gases can be used to study different types of spin spiral
order and resulting multiferroic effects. Spin-orbit coupling in optical
lattices can give rise to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) spin interaction which
is essential for spin spiral order. By taking into account spin-orbit coupling
and an external Zeeman field, we derive an effective spin model in the Mott
insulator regime at half filling and demonstrate that the DM interaction in
optical lattices can be made extremely strong with realistic experimental
parameters. The rich finite temperature phase diagrams of the effective spin
models for fermions and bosons are obtained via classical Monte Carlo
simulations.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
Reconstructing the properties of dark energy from recent observations
We explore the properties of dark energy from recent observational data,
including the Gold Sne Ia, the baryonic acoustic oscillation peak from SDSS,
the CMB shift parameter from WMAP3, the X-ray gas mass fraction in cluster and
the Hubble parameter versus redshift. The model with curvature
and two parameterized dark energy models are studied. For the
model, we find that the flat universe is consistent with observations at the
confidence level and a closed universe is slightly favored by these
data. For two parameterized dark energy models, with the prior given on the
present matter density, , with ,
and , our result seems to suggest that the
trend of dependence for an evolving dark energy from a
combination of the observational data sets is model-dependent.Comment: 16 pages, 15 figures, To appear in JCA
Exploring de Sitter Space and Holography
We explore aspects of the physics of de Sitter (dS) space that are relevant
to holography with a positive cosmological constant. First we display a
nonlocal map that commutes with the de Sitter isometries, transforms the
bulk-boundary propagator and solutions of free wave equations in de Sitter onto
the same quantities in Euclidean anti-de Sitter (EAdS), and takes the two
boundaries of dS to the single EAdS boundary via an antipodal identification.
Second we compute the action of scalar fields on dS as a functional of boundary
data. Third, we display a family of solutions to 3d gravity with a positive
cosmological constant in which the equal time sections are arbitrary genus
Riemann surfaces, and compute the action of these spaces as a functional of
boundary data from the Einstein gravity and Chern-Simons gravity points of
view. These studies suggest that if de Sitter space is dual to a Euclidean
conformal field theory (CFT), this theory should involve two disjoint, but
possibly entangled factors. We argue that these CFTs would be of a novel form,
with unusual hermiticity conditions relating left movers and right movers.
After exploring these conditions in a toy model, we combine our observations to
propose that a holographic dual description of de Sitter space would involve a
pure entangled state in a product of two of our unconventional CFTs associated
with the de Sitter boundaries. This state can be constructed to preserve the de
Sitter symmetries and and its decomposition in a basis appropriate to antipodal
inertial observers would lead to the thermal properties of static patch.Comment: LaTeX, v2: references adde
Dynamic observation and analysis of metabolic response to moxibustion stimulation on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions (GML) rats.
Background(#br)Gastric mucosal lesion (GML) is the initiating pathological process in many refractory gastric diseases. And moxibustion is an increasingly popular alternative therapy that prevents and treats diseases. However, there are few published reports about developing pathology of GML and therapeutic mechanism of moxibustion treatment on GML. In this study, we investigated pathology of GML and therapeutic mechanism of moxibustion treatment on GML.(#br)Methods(#br)The male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were induced by intragastric administration of 75% ethanol after fasting for 24 h and treated by moxibustion at Zusanli (ST36) and Liangmen (ST21) for 1 day, 4 days or 7 days. Then we applied 1H NMR-based metabolomics to dynamic analysis of metabolic profiles in biological samples (stomach, cerebral cortex and medulla). And the conventional histopathological examinations as well as metabolic pathways assays were also performed.(#br)Results(#br)Moxibustion intervention showed a beneficial effect on GML by modulating comprehensive metabolic alterations caused by GML, including energy metabolism, membrane metabolism, cellular active and neurotransmitters function.(#br)Conclusions(#br)Moxibustion can effectively treat gastric mucosal damage and effectively regulate the concentration of some related differential metabolites to maintain the stability of the metabolic pathway
A simulation study on the measurement of D0-D0bar mixing parameter y at BES-III
We established a method on measuring the \dzdzb mixing parameter for
BESIII experiment at the BEPCII collider. In this method, the doubly
tagged events, with one decays to
CP-eigenstates and the other decays semileptonically, are used to
reconstruct the signals. Since this analysis requires good separation,
a likelihood approach, which combines the , time of flight and the
electromagnetic shower detectors information, is used for particle
identification. We estimate the sensitivity of the measurement of to be
0.007 based on a fully simulated MC sample.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure
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