Employers' policies for third age employment – the case for action and the rational for reaction

This paper reports on findings from a study which explores employers’ perceptions of the careers of those in third age employment and the extent to which these organisations have in place policies and practices to manage older worker careers. Drawing on interviews with UK HR managers and advisory bodies, the study finds that there was an absence of formal policies which addressed the career needs of older works despite employers being aware of the issue associated with an aging workforce. Instead employers responded to career related requests from older workers on an ad hoc basis as they felt that specific policies for this group of people would potentially create legal issues for the organisation. Employers also believed that the aged workforce had little impact on their business and as a result did not engage in collective dialogue with older workers about their requirements and instead made assumptions about their career needs

Young adult carers: the impact of caring on health and education

Research has shown that young people who care for parents and relatives (young carers and young adult carers) are at greater risk of mental and emotional difficulties and are more likely to do badly at school or college. To explore the difficulties faced by young adult carers (aged 14 to 25) in the UK, an online survey was conducted. Almost half (45%) of the 295 respondents reported having a mental health problem. The relationship between the extent of caring and perceived mental health problems, and the impact of caring responsibilities on work and education were investigated

Predicting the recipients of social work support and its impact on emotional and behavioural problems in early childhood

This paper examines the recipients of social work support in the Millennium Cohort Study. Using panel analysis and fixed effects models it investigates the factors that lead to the receipt of any type of social work support for individuals with young children, and the effects of this support on changes in the prevalence of emotional and behavioural problems in these children. We find that divorce or separation, and episodes of homelessness are two important factors that lead to the receipt of social work support. Mothers with male children are also more likely to receive social work support. However, we find no clear evidence that social work support has any effect on changes in children’s emotional and behavioural problems over time. The implications of these findings for social work research, and for practice and policy are discussed

Health, well-being and social inclusion: therapeutic horticulture in the UK

This evidence paper summarises the findings of the third and final phase of the Growing Together study of the use of social and therapeutic horticulture (STH) as a form of health and social care provision for vulnerable adults. The first phase of the research, a review of the literature, has already been published (Sempik et al, 2003) and summarised in Evidence Issue 6. The second phase, findings from a survey of STH projects showing the level of activity and participation in the UK were summarised in Evidence Issue 8. Full details of these findings have recently been published (Sempik et al, 2005). In order to study the effects of participation in STH, 24 garden ‘projects’ were examined in depth. Interviews were recorded with 137 clients, 88 project staff and carers, and 11 health professionals. The findings show that STH is an effective form of social care which promotes social inclusion and well-being for people with a wide range of social, mental and physical problems, including those with mental ill health, learning difficulties, challenging behaviour, physical disabilities and others

Study protocol: young carers and young adult carers in Switzerland

Background: In Switzerland, the issue of young carers and young adult carers - young people under the age of 18 and 24 respectively, who take on significant or substantial caring tasks and levels of responsibility that would usually be associated with an adult - has not been researched before. The number of these younger carers is unknown, as is the extent and kind of their caring activities and the outcomes for their health, well-being, psycho-social development, education, transitions to adulthood, future employability and economic participation. Methods: The project is comprised of three stages: 1. A national Swiss-wide online survey to examine awareness of the issue of younger carers amongst professional populations in the education, health and social services sectors; 2. An online survey of 4800 Swiss pupils in schools using standardised instruments to identify the proportion and characteristics of pupils who are carers; and 3. Semi-structured interviews with 20 families comprising family members with care needs and younger carers, to consolidate and validate the other stages of the study; and to hear directly from care-dependent family members and younger carers about their experiences of the issues identified in the surveys and in previous published research. Discussion: The needs of younger carers and their ill and disabled family members in Switzerland have not been systematically investigated. This will be the first study in the country to investigate these issues and to develop evidence-based recommendations for policy and practice, drawing also on international research. The present study therefore fills an important national and international research gap. It will collect important data on the awareness, extent, kind and impact of caring amongst children and young people in Switzerland, and cross-link these findings with robust evidence from other countries. The study will reveal (a) the extent of awareness of the issue of young carers amongst medical, social, health, educational, and other groups in Switzerland; (b) the proportion and number of young carers amongst a normative child population, and what these young carers ‘do’ in terms of their caring roles; and (c) direct accounts by families of their care-giving and receiving experiences

Social and therapeutic horticulture: evidence and messages from research

A summary of the main findings of a review of the literature on social and therapeutic horticulture – the use of horticulture and gardening to promote health, well-being and social inclusion among vulnerable people

Counting young carers in Switzerland – a study of prevalence

An online survey of children in school grades 4–9 (mostly aged 10–15) was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of young carers in Switzerland using a 2‐stage stratified sampling approach. 4082 respondents were drawn from 230 schools. A total of 3991 respondents were included in the analysis and of these 307 (7.7%) were identified as young carers. The population estimate of prevalence was 7.9 per cent. This suggests that there are around 38 400 young carers in school grades 4–9 in Switzerland. Extrapolating to the 9–16 age group gives a figure of almost 51 500

Supporting children and families : an evaluation of the Derbyshire NCH Children’s Support Service

Parental separation and divorce affects many children and their families. The Derbyshire NCH Children’s Support Service aims to reduce the negative impacts of family conflict on children, by offering them up to six sessions with a support worker. This evaluation was conducted to examine service user and stakeholder perceptions of the role, value and purpose of the service and to identify strengths and weaknesses in what is provided

Young carers research, practice and policy: an overview and critical perspective on possible future directions

Many children, adolescents, teenagers, and young adults have caring responsibilities for parents and family members. These young carers and young adult carers are present in every country. Their responsibilities include domestic chores as well as intimate personal care and other forms of helping which are generally seen as the responsibility of adult professionals. First, this article provides an overview and critical perspective on young carers research. Research suggests that 2-8 per cent of children and young people are carers and that the caring role has an impact on their education, health, wellbeing, social opportunities, and employment prospects. Various countries have responded differently with regards to policy: some have well developed services and recognition in law whilst others are only just beginning to recognise the problem. Second, we discuss the issues and challenges for research and propose a new agenda for the development of policy, research rigour, more theoretical sophistication, and a greater awareness of the need for interdisciplinary and multiagency working. Furthermore, we call for participatory and action led research that can provide greater insights into the lived experiences of young people, their needs and how these can be met