Discrepancy Principle for Solving Periodic Integral Equations of the First Kind

Fully discrete projection method with discrepancy principle is considered for solving periodic integral equations of the first kind with unknown smoothness of solution. For proposed approach it is proved the optimality and effectiveness in the sense of computational resource.Розглянуто повністю дискретний проекційний метод у комбінації з принципом рівноваги для розв’язування періодичних інтегральних рівнянь у апостеріорному випадку. Доведена оптимальність та економічність такого підходу

Биоизостерные аналоги коричной кислоты в качестве потенциальных нейропротекторов

Compounds that act on mitochondrial functions are considered as promising drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and age-related dementias. As a basis for the creation of such potential drugs, bioisosteric cinnamic acid analogs and polymethoxybenzene derivatives were selected. Derivatives of cinnamic acid have a wide range of biological activities, which can be important for drugs aimed at the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Alzheimer′s disease. In this work, the neuroprotective activity of bioisosteric cinnamic acid analogs and polymethoxybenzene derivatives was studied. Among the compounds studied, lead substances 3, 4, and 7 have been identified. These compounds show no intrinsic toxicity and have a neuroprotective effect on the cellular model of neurodegeneration associated with calcium stress. The mechanism of their cytoprotective activity is probably due to the influence on mitochondrial functions, because these compounds effectively suppress the calcium-induced process of mitochondrial permeability jump. In addition, one of the substances investigated (7) has antioxidant properties, showing the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation (LPO) of rat brain homogenate, which may be an additional mechanism of neuroprotective effect. The data obtained make it possible to recommend the investigated substances as a basis for the creation of effective neuroprotective drugs capable of influencing early stages of the development of neurodegenerative diseases.Соединения, направленно действующие на митохондриальные функции, рассматриваются как перспективные лекарственные препараты для лечения нейродегенеративных заболеваний и возрастных деменций. В качестве основы для создания таких потенциальных лекарственных средств были выбраны биоизостерные аналоги коричной кислоты и производные полиметоксибензолов. Производные коричной кислоты имеют широкий спектр биологических активностей, который может иметь значение для лекарственных препаратов, направленных на лечение нейродегенеративных заболеваний, в частности болезни Альцгеймера. В данной работе исследована нейропротекторная активность биоизостерных аналогов коричной кислоты и производных полиметоксибензолов. Среди исследованных соединений выявлены вещества-лидеры 3, 4 и 7. Эти соединения не проявляют собственной токсичности и оказывают нейропротекторный эффект на клеточной модели нейродегенерации, связанной с кальциевым стрессом. Механизм их цитопротекторной активности, возможно, обусловлен влиянием на функции митохондрий, поскольку эти соединения эффективно подавляют кальций-индуцированный процесс скачка митохондриальной проницаемости. Кроме того, одно из исследованных веществ (7) обладает антиоксидантными свойствами, проявляя способность к ингибированию перекисного окисления липидов (ПОЛ) гомогената мозга крыс, что может быть дополнительным механизмом нейропротекторного эффекта. Полученные данные позволяют рекомендовать исследованные вещества в качестве основы для создания эффективных нейропротекторных препаратов, способных повлиять на ранние стадии развития нейродегенеративных заболеваний

Полимер как источник радикалов при фотоинициированной полимеризации винилацетата в присутствии комплекса органокобальта (III)

Was indicated that in the photoinitiated controlled polymerization of vinyl acetate in the presence of the complex Co (III) upon irradiation at wavelengths shorter than 320 nm proceeds adverse reaction radicals formation from the polymer.Показано, что при фотоинициированной контролируемой полимеризации винилацетата в присутствии комплекса Co(III) при облучении в диапазоне длин волн короче 320 нм протекает побочная реакция генерирования радикалов из полимера

Relativistic Laser-Matter Interaction and Relativistic Laboratory Astrophysics

The paper is devoted to the prospects of using the laser radiation interaction with plasmas in the laboratory relativistic astrophysics context. We discuss the dimensionless parameters characterizing the processes in the laser and astrophysical plasmas and emphasize a similarity between the laser and astrophysical plasmas in the ultrarelativistic energy limit. In particular, we address basic mechanisms of the charged particle acceleration, the collisionless shock wave and magnetic reconnection and vortex dynamics properties relevant to the problem of ultrarelativistic particle acceleration.Comment: 58 pages, 19 figure

Efficacy and tolerability of a specialized dietary therapeutic product in long-chain and very long-chain fatty acid metabolism disorders in children

Aim: to assess the efficacy and tolerability of a specialized dietary therapeutic product in long-chain and very long-chain fatty acid metabolism disorders in children. Patients and Methods: this open-label prospective uncontrolled study enrolled 5 children aged 35 ± 14 months who were diagnosed with long-chain and very long-chain fatty acid metab-olism disorders. Diet therapy using the tested product (“Monogen”) was prescribed and corrected after the analysis of actual diet. Physical development and neurological status were evaluated, blood levels of specific acyl-carnitines (С16-ОН, С18-ОН, С18:1-ОН, С14:1, С14) were measured. Tolerability was assessed by the rate and severity of adverse events (including allergic reactions) and the changes in vital functions compared to baseline. Patient and doctor satisfaction was evaluated using a questionnaire. Results: children received the tested product throughout the study (30±2 days). The lev-els of acyl-carnitines were within normal ranges in all children. No dyspepsia, allergic reactions, somatic dysfunction, or neurological deviations were reported. Physical exam consistently fell in the range of normal for age. Parents and doctors were fully satisfied with the tested product (“Monogen”). Conclusions: “Monogen” is highly effective for therapeutic feeding of children with long-chain and very long-chain fatty acid metabolism disorders. Keywords: long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders, β-oxidation of fatty acids, long-chain acyl-coA dehydrogenase deficiency, biallelic mutation, therapeutic feeding. </p

Application of Omics Technologies in the System of Sports Training

Deciphering the human genome, and further development of omics technologies, have opened new opportunities in studying the molecular mechanisms underlying the sport success. According to modern concepts of functional genomics, it is believed that individual differences in the degree of development of physical and mental qualities, as well as in the susceptibility to different diseases of athletes are largely due to DNA polymorphisms. Genetic markers associated with the development and manifestation of physical qualities (speed, strength, endurance, agility, flexibility) can be used in the sports selection system, to clarify sports specialization and to optimize the training process. Other molecular markers (methyl groups, trans­cripts, telomerase activity, telomeres, circulating DNA, metabolites, proteins, etc.) in addition to predicting athletic performance, allow assessing the current functional state of the athlete, including the phenomenon of overtraining. The purpose of this review is to provide data on the use of genomic, epigenetic, trans­criptomic, proteomic and metabolic methods in sports talent identification, assessing the current functional status of athletes and in the pres­cription of personal training and nutrition programs. Future research, including multicentre genome-wide association studies and whole-genome sequencing in large cohorts of athletes with further validation and replication, will substantially contribute to the discovery of large numbers of the causal genetic variants (mutations and DNA polymorphisms) that would partly explain the heritability of athlete status and related phenotypes

Assessment of qualitative indicators of drinking water and their influence on human health, as ecological safety factor of population

Based on the results of experimental studies of the cyanobacteria and toxins properties, produced byblue-green algae, was assessed the quality of drinking water according to organoleptic characteristics in the area of the Lower Don geosystem. Experimental data on the properties of cyanobacteria and toxinsproduced by blue-green algae are presented in this study. Based on the results of research at the pilotplant, the basics of drinking water purification technology in the water dipper from blue-green algae have been developed, which to some extent helps to increase the environmental safety of drinking water in urban systems and settlements

АКТИВНОСТЬ И ЭЛЕКТРОФОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ СПЕКТРЫ ФЕРМЕНТОВ В ЛИСТЬЯХ СОИ ПРИ ПОРАЖЕНИИ ПАТОГЕНАМИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ТРОФИЧЕСКИХ ГРУПП

Stability of soybean plants to the damaging effect of pathogens with different types of trophicity is due not only to their genetic nature, but also to various physiological and biochemical mechanisms. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the activity of enzymes (peroxidase, catalase and acid phosphatase) in the soybean leaves of the medium-resistant cultivar Harmonia, Sonata cultivar susceptible to septoriosis and Dauria cultivar, strongly affected by peronosporosis. It is shown that infection of soybean leaves with hemibiotroph (Septoria glycines) or biotroph (Perenospora manshurica) depends on the plant genotype and leads to an increase in peroxidase activity in medium-resistant varieties and decrease catalase and acid phosphatase activity in all cultivars studied. The causative agent of septoriosis leads to an increase in the heterogeneity of peroxidase and a decrease in the heterogeneity of catalase and acid phosphatase, while the causative agent of peronosporosis does not induce a change in the electrophoretic spectra of catalase and acid phosphatase in soybean leaves. The data obtained indicate that the rate and direction of enzyme activity is determined by the genotype of soybean and by the type of trophicity of the pathogen.лько их генетической природой, но и определяется разными физиологическими и биохимическими механизмами. Поэтому целью исследования было изучение активности ферментов (пероксидазы, каталазы и кислой фосфатазы) в листьях сои среднеустойчивого сорта Гармония, восприимчивого к септориозу сорта Соната, сильно поражающегося пероноспорозом сорта Даурия. Показано, что заражение листьев сои гемибиотрофом (Septoria glycines) или биотрофом (Perenospora manshurica) зависит от генотипа растения и приводит к увеличению активности пероксидазы у растений среднеустойчивых сортов и снижению активности каталазы и кислой фосфатазы у растений всех исследованных сортов. Возбудитель септориоза приводит к увеличению гетерогенности пероксидазы и снижению гетерогенности каталазы и кислой фосфатазы, а возбудитель пероноспороза не вызывает изменения электрофоретических спектров каталазы и кислой фосфатазы в листьях сои. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что скорость и направленность энзимной активности определяется генотипом сои и типом трофности возбудителя