Correlation of bio- and magnetostratigraphy of Badenian sequences from western and northern Hungary

Lithological, magnetostratigraphic and paleontological (nannoplankton, foraminifers, molluscs) studies were carried out on the Badenian successions of boreholes Sopron-89, Nagylozs-1 and Sata-75 in Hungary. The correlations with the ATNTS2004 scale show that the Badenian sedimentation began during Chron C5Br thus the earliest Badenian deposits are missing in the sections. The first occurrence of Orbulina suturalis Bronnimann has been observed in Subchron C5Bn.1r, at 14.9 Ma. Although it is older than the interpolated age of 14.74 Ma in Chron C5ADr in the ATNTS2004, it is consistent with the age of 15.1 Ma obtained from recent calibration of planktonic foraminiferal bioevents. The base of the Bulimina-Bolivina Zone has been determined at 13.7 Ma in Chron C5ABr, and the Badenian/Sarmatian boundary is recorded within Chron C5AAn, at 13.15 Ma

Active Brownian Particles. From Individual to Collective Stochastic Dynamics

We review theoretical models of individual motility as well as collective dynamics and pattern formation of active particles. We focus on simple models of active dynamics with a particular emphasis on nonlinear and stochastic dynamics of such self-propelled entities in the framework of statistical mechanics. Examples of such active units in complex physico-chemical and biological systems are chemically powered nano-rods, localized patterns in reaction-diffusion system, motile cells or macroscopic animals. Based on the description of individual motion of point-like active particles by stochastic differential equations, we discuss different velocity-dependent friction functions, the impact of various types of fluctuations and calculate characteristic observables such as stationary velocity distributions or diffusion coefficients. Finally, we consider not only the free and confined individual active dynamics but also different types of interaction between active particles. The resulting collective dynamical behavior of large assemblies and aggregates of active units is discussed and an overview over some recent results on spatiotemporal pattern formation in such systems is given.Comment: 161 pages, Review, Eur Phys J Special-Topics, accepte

Powder Compaction: Compression Properties of Cellulose Ethers

Effective development of matrix tablets requires a comprehensive understanding of different raw material attributes and their impact on process parameters. Cellulose ethers (CE) are the most commonly used pharmaceutical excipients in the fabrication of hydrophilic matrices. The innate good compression and binding properties of CE enable matrices to be prepared using economical direct compression (DC) techniques. However, DC is sensitive to raw material attributes, thus, impacting the compaction process. This article critically reviews prior knowledge on the mechanism of powder compaction and the compression properties of cellulose ethers, giving timely insight into new developments in this field

A sequence stratigraphic investigation of a Miocene formation supported by coal seam quality parameters: Central Paratethys, N-Hungary

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Physical mechanical and tablet formation properties of hydroxypropylcellulose: In pure form and in mixtures

The aim of the study was to analyze hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) in pure form and in excipient mixtures and to relate its physical and chemical properties to tablet binder functionality. The materials used were Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose grades ranging from low to high molecular weight (80–1000 kDa) of regular particle size (250 µm mean size) and fine particle size (80 µm mean size). These were compared with microcrystalline cellulose, spray-dried lactose, and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate. Thermal behavior of HPC was analyzed by modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry (MTDSC). Tablets of the pure materials and of dry blends with 4% low viscosity, fine particle HPC and 30% high viscosity, fine particle HPC were produced on an instrumented eccentric tableting machine at 3 relative humidities. The 3-dimensional (3-D) model with the parameters time plasticity d, pressure plasticity e, and the twisting angle ω, the inverse of fast elastic decompression was compared with the Heckel method for characterization of compaction. Elastic recovery and compactibility were also studied. The results show that HPC tablet formation is characterized by high plastic deformation. The d, e, and ω values were markedly higher as compared with the reference materials. Plasticity was highest for the fine particle size HPC types. Maximum compactibility was observed for low molecular weight, fine particle size HPC. Tableting of the mixtures showed deformation, which was strongly influenced by HPC. Plasticity and crushing force of formed tablets was increased. In conclusion, HPC is characterized by strong plastic deformation properties, which are molecular weight and particle size dependent