Association between the three-dimensional facial shape and its color in a boundary group of young to middle-aged Asian women

Tanikawa C., Yamanami H., Nagashima M., et al. Association between the three-dimensional facial shape and its color in a boundary group of young to middle-aged Asian women. Heliyon 10, e32033 (2024); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32033.Visual cues strongly influence an individual's self-esteem and have fundamental sociopsychological functions. The color and shape of the face are important information for visual cues and are hypothesized to be correlated with each other. However, few studies have examined these relationships. Thus, this study determined the association between color and shape of the face. For this purpose, we evaluated Chinese women in their 30s and 40s (n = 166). Three-dimensional (3D) image-capture devices that provide shape morphology along with standardized photographs (color information) were used to obtain 3D images of women. The coordinates and red‒green–blue color data on the 3D images were utilized to perform principal component (PC) analysis, and shape and color PCs were generated. A canonical variate analysis was then conducted to check for significant correlations between the shape and color PCs. As a result, 6 significant correlations were found (p < 0.05). In detail, in addition to the physical correlations (i.e., steric faces or faces with protrusion of the cheek showed greater shadows, retrognathism was related to a shadow under the lower lip and vice versa), biological correlations (fatty faces showed greater redness and remarkable marionette lines; faces with age-related sagging showed greater darkness, possibly related to cumulative ultraviolet radiation exposure of the skin; and robust mandibles and supraorbital ridges were related to thick eyebrows) were found. This insight can aid both medical and cosmetic practitioners in comprehending the intricate details conveyed by facial features, thereby facilitating more comprehensive diagnosis and treatment planning, including makeup

都市部と都市近郊別にみた要支援・要介護状態の高齢者における引越後の生活満足感

要支援・要介護状態の高齢者が引越した場合、引越先が都市か都市近郊かによって本人の状況や引越後の慣れの感覚や生活満足感が異なるかを明らかにすることを目的として、都市A市と都市近郊B町において訪問面接調査を行った。引越5年以内の要支援・要介護高齢者を対象として、A市81人とB町31人を比較した結果、性別、年齢、介護保険の認定の程度、家族形態、引越の意思決定、引越準備期間に差はみられなかったが、B町のほうが居住年数が長く、引越後「慣れた」という者、生活満足感が高い者が有意に多かった。2地域別の、慣れの程度、生活満足感別の平均居住年数に差はみられなかった。都市部に引越した高齢者では、年数を経ても慣れない、満足でないという場合があり、身体的な介護だけではない精神面のケアの必要性が示唆された。The present study was conducted in order to clarify life satisfaction of elderly individuals requiring assistance or care who moved to city A or rural town B. Interviews were conducted on 81 elderly individuals in A city and 31 elderly individuals in B rural town, and the following results were obtained. Caracteristics of sex, mean age, family member, decision of relocation were not significant between A city and B town. Life satisfaction of individuals in B rural town were higher than in A city. These findings suggest that elderly individuals requiring assistance or care may be able to positively accept a move if they move to rural town. It is important that they move to the city communicate with their family about moving before moving

Identification of novel three allergens from Anisakis simplex by chemiluminescent immunoscreening of an expression cDNA library

Anisakis simplex is a representative nematode parasitizing marine organisms, such as fish and squids, and causes not only anisakiasis but also IgE-mediated allergy. Although 10 kinds of proteins have so far been identified as A. simplex allergens, many unknown allergens are considered to still exist. In this study, a chemiluminescent immunoscreening method with higher sensitivity than the conventional method was developed and used to isolate IgE-positive clones from an expression cDNA library of A. simplex. As a result, three kinds of proteins, Ani s 11 (307 amino acid residues), Ani s 11-like protein (160 residues) and Ani s 12 (295 residues), together with three known allergens (Ani s 5, 6 and 9), were found to be IgE reactive. Furthermore, ELISA data showed that both recombinant Ani s 11 and 12 expressed in Escherichia coli are recognized by about half of Anisakis-allergic patients. Ani s 11 and Ani s 11-like protein are characterized by having six and five types of short repetitive sequences (5-16 amino acid residues), respectively. Both proteins share as high as 78% sequence identity with each other and also about 45% identity with Ani s 10, which includes two types of short repetitive sequences. On the other hand, Ani s 12 is also structurally unique in that it has five tandem repeats of a CX13-25CX9CX7,8CX6 sequence, similar to Ani s 7 having 19 repeats of a CX17-25CX9-22CX8CX6 sequence. The repetitive structures are assumed to be involved in the IgE-binding of the three new allergens