754 research outputs found
Firewood and timber exploitation during the 3rd and 2nd millennia BC in the Western façade of the Iberian Northwest: wooden resources, territories and chaîne opératoire
As sociedades humanas estabelecem toda uma série de estratégias produtivas destinadas a obter os meios materiais necessários para a sua existência, entre elas, o aprovisionamento de lenha e de madeira. Estas estratégias, além de estarem condicionadas pela oferta ambiental, são igualmente resultantes das características culturais e das capacidades técnicas.
Os dados arqueobotânicos que se apresentam procedem de vários lugares de habitação do Calcolítico e da Idade do Bronze da fachada ocidental do Noroeste peninsular com cronologias que abarcam o III e parte do II milénios AC (Martin em preparação; Martín et al. no prelo; Figueiral e Bettencourt 2007).
Os resultados obtidos permitiram identificar uma exploração diversificada dos recursos lenhosos que combinava a recolha de lenha e de madeira das áreas da floresta climácica com a proveniente das áreas de mato. As formaçãos arbóreas situadas nas margems dos cursos de água também constituíram fonte de aprovisionamento de combustíveis e, provavelmente, de madeira.
A caracterização dos recursos usados em cada um dos casos de estudo permitiu-nos, igualmente, colocar hipóteses sobre o território de vivência, de circulação e de exploração de cada comunidade.
A análise dendrológica das amostras registando o grau de curvatura dos anéis de crescimento anual, o diâmetro mínimo dos ramos ou troncos consumidos, a presença de tiloses e de depósitos de resina, a presença de madeira de reação, a conservação do floema e ou da casca, a presença ou a ausência de cicatrizes ou de anéis sinuosos, as mudanças no ritmo de crescimento, entre outras características, em inter-relação com determinados contextos arqueológicos (dimensões dos buracos de poste, por exemplo), proporcionaram, também, hipóteses relacionadas com a cadeia técnica-operativa dos recursos florestais. Ou seja, sobre a sucessão de operações realizadas pelas comunidades humanas desde a extração da matéria até à sua utilização final.This research was developed under the projects: A xestión do bosque e do monte dende a Idade do Ferro a época romana no noroeste da península Ibérica: consumo de combustibles e produción de manufacturas en madeira / Forest and scrubland management from Iron Age to roman period in the Northwest of the Iberian peninsula: firewood consumption and wooden manufacture production, IDEPatri-Deseño e desenvolvemento dun modelo de datos para unha IDE arqueolóxica da Idade do Ferro en Galicia /IDEPatri- Design and development of a data model for an archaeological SPI during the Galician Iron Age: (IDEPatri) 09SEC002CT. Xunta de Galicia, Paisagens da Idade do Bronze no ocidente peninsular / Bronze Age Landscapes in the West of Iberian Peninsula - SFRH/BSAB/986/10 e Geoindicators of natural and anthropogenic palaeoenvironmental evolution in the Portuguese NW, during de Holocene – 2010_CGUP/CCT/UM
Chemical profile from the head of Vespa velutina and V. crabro
Vespa velutina and V. crabro are eusocial insects in which chemical communication is decisive for social interactions. V. velutina was accidentally introduced in 2004 in France and subsequently in northern Spain in 2010. It is an invasive species that severely affects the beekeeping sector. The hornet autochthonous V. crabro with a similar ecological niche is captured in bait traps used to control V. velutina populations. Insect cuticle and head structures had an important role in chemical communication so that this research approaches for the first time chemical compounds extracted from the heads of V. velutina and V. crabro. Chemical compounds were profiled using GC/MS. The main compounds identified were carbohydrates, fatty acids, and hydrocarbons. The chemical profile of both species was compared and also an intrinsic differentiation was made between queens and workers in V. velutina. Chemometric techniques (PCA and LSD) were used to achieve this goal.This work was supported by the co-financing of
Xunta de Galicia Postdoctoral Financial Aids (Department
of Culture, Education and University
Organization) together with the University of Vigo
[reference number ED481B-2018/059]. The
authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science
and Technology (FCT, Portugal) and FEDER under
Program PT2020 for financial support to
CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020). Falcão, S. I. thanks
National funding by FCT- Foundation for Science
and Technology, P.I., through the institutional scientific
employment program-contract.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Description of the volatile fraction of Erica honey from the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula
Heather honey is highly appreciated by consumers for its sensorial profile, which varies depending on the flora used by the honeybees. Volatile compounds contribute to these qualities. Characterisation of the volatile profile related to the botanical origin is of great interest for the standardization of unifloral honey. For this reason, 33 heather honey samples from northwest of the Iberian Peninsula were analysed by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) to identify the key volatile compounds in this type of honey. The aim of this research was to provide a descriptive analysis of these compounds, and to find whether there is any relationship with the main Erica species. A total of 58 volatile organic compounds were found, with hotrienol, phenylacetaldehyde, and cis-linalool being the most abundant. A principal component analysis and Spearman's rank correlation showed the homogeneity of the volatile profile in the samples, and their close relationship with the main pollen types.The authors would like to thank the Fundação para a Ciência e
Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) for the financial support by national funds
FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020). S. I. Falcão thanks for the
national funding provided by FCT-Foundation for Science and
Technology, through the institutional scientific employment program contract.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Cytogenetic evidences on the evolutionary relationships between the tetraploids of the section Rhizomatosae and related diploid species (Arachis, Leguminosae).
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Trasplante pulmonar
A lung transplant is usually the final therapeutic
option for patients with respiratory insufficiency. In
spite of the many advances in immunology and the
management of complications, mortality and morbidity
associated with this transplant are far higher than
with others. Acute rejection is an almost universal
problem in the first year, while obliterative bronchitis
reduces long term survival. Respiratory infections
also play a significant role in the complications associated
with lung transplants due to the constant
exposure of the graft to the outside. However, the
success of this therapeutic option, which basically
depends on a suitable selection of donor and recipient,
are evident, above all with respect to quality of
life
Improvisation in times of pandemic, a reason for reflection
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
has been one of the most significant health crises worldwide in the
last decades. This new pandemic has brought to light the strengths
and weaknesses of current health care systems worldwide, even in
countries that pride themselves on being at the forefront in terms
of clinical, scientific, and technological capacity and development.
Crises such as these are also opportunities to reflect and learn.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has provided us with several
valuable lessons that involve the whole spectrum of medical
practice: human, scientific, technical, and social
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