8 research outputs found
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Pharmacogenetics of anticancer drug sensitivity and toxicity in colorectal cancer
Inter-individual differences in drug response are an important cause of failure in anticancer treatment and adverse drug events in cancer patients. Gene polymorphisms related to these outcomes have been investigated in an effort to find new genetic biomarkers to predict toxicity and response to anticancer drugs. Evaluating the value single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes involved in transportation, activation and metabolism of anticancer drugs provides a promising approach to select the appropriate therapeutic regimes with at least adverse reactions. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the relationship between of SNPs involved in the transportation, activation and metabolism of anticancer drugs and treatment outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients
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Toll-like receptors signaling pathways as a potential therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality, and associated with an important economic burden globally. Over the last decade, the prevalence of CVD has been rising globally, and is now associated with millions of death annually in both developed and developing countries. There is good evidence that the immune system is involved in the pathophysiology of CVD. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their down-stream signaling pathways play an important role in the immune system. Recent studies have suggested that the TLRs are involved in atherogenesis, including stroke, myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, cardiac remodeling and development of heart failure (HF). In this review we have summarized the recent studies investigating the role of TLRs in CVD and the potential for using TLRs signaling pathways as a therapeutic target in CVD
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The potential prognostic and therapeutic application of tissue and circulating microRNAs in cervical cancer
Cervical cancer (CC) is a common malignancy in women and a major cause of cancer- related mortality globally. Some novel biomarkers may enable the early diagnosis and monitoring of CC. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that control gene translation at a post transcriptional level. Hence the deregulation of these molecules can cause many diseases. There appears to be an association between aberrant miRNA expression and CC, but the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of CC remain unknown. The upregulation of some circulating miRNAs, e.g. miRNA-20a, miRNA-203, miRNA-21, miRNA-205, miRNA-218, and miR-485-5, as well as tissue specific-miRNAs, e.g. miR-7, miR-10a, miR-17-5p, miR-135b, miR-149 and miR-203 has been found in patients with CC. There is also growing evidence for the importance of miRNAs in the development of drug-resistance. This review therefore highlights recently published preclinical and clinical investigation performed on tissue-specific and circulating miRNAs, as potential biomarkers for the detection of patients at early stages of CC, in the prediction of prognosis, and monitoring of their response to therapy.
Key word: cervical cancer, CIN, MiRNA, circulating biomarker, tissue-specific biomarker, HP
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Epigenetic drug therapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers with a high rate of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The incidence of CRC is similar in men and women but is distributed uniformly globally. It has been demonstrated that epigenetic alterations which may cause changes in the expression of microRNA, DNA methylation and histone acetylation that results in inheritable modifications in gene expression in colorectal epithelial cells, plays a crucial role in the development of CRC. Recently, targeting epigenetic modification has emerged as a potentially important treatment approach in CRC. The US Food and Drug Association has approved the use of some epigenetic drugs that may be able to inhibit or reverse these alterations and also enhance sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy in CRC. In this review we have summarized the recent pre-clinical and clinical trial studies investigating the therapeutic value of using epigenetic drugs as novel therapeutic approach in CRC treatment.
Keywords: epigenetic, colorectal cancer, drug, DNA methylation, histone acetylatio
Efficacy of educational intervention about the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease among Adolescent Boys; an application of Health Belief Model
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of mortality all over the world. According to life style changes it seems that risk factors of Coronary-heart disease started in childhood and adolescence the present study is aimed to assess efficiency of educational intervention about the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease which is implemented based on health belief model in sari.
Methods: the study was conducted as a semi-experimental study (post and pre-experiment) on 180student in 2014. The participants were divided randomly into two groups of 90 individuals. Afterward, the participants were observed at two stages (before / after 6 months). A two sections questionnaire (demographic and Knowledge about the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease based on component of HBM). Data analyses were carried out by using SPSS ver. 20 using Chi-Square test and independent T-test and Repeated Measurement. Level of significant was set at 0.05.
Results: There were no significant difference between interventions and control group before
Intervention in terms of health belief model component. There were significant difference between pre-test and post-test in knowledge (p<0.001), perceived susceptibility (p<0.001), perceived severity (p<0.001), perceived benefit (p<0.001), perceived barrier (p=0.002) self-efficacy (p<0.001) among students in intervention group.
Conclusion: It seems, this model can eliminate the perceived barriers. In addition HBM Can be Highlighted perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit about the prevention of cardiovascular and finally, self-efficacy regarding the prevention of cardiovascular disease among student can be enhanced with health belief model