Visual specifications of correct spreadsheets

We introduce a visual specification language for spreadsheets that allows the definition of spreadsheet templates. These templates are used by a spreadsheet generator to create Excel spreadsheets that are probably free from a large class of errors, such as reference, omission, and type errors. We demonstrate how spreadsheets can be categorized into classes of spreadsheets that are related through well defined update operations. For each class we can identify a template that can be expressed in our visual language. We present a formal definition of the visual language for templates and describe the process of generating spreadsheets from templates. In addition, we present an editor for these templates and analyze the editor using the Cognitive Dimensions framework.Keywords: Software correctness, End-User Software Engineering, Specification, Visual Language, Program generation, SpreadsheetKeywords: Software correctness, End-User Software Engineering, Specification, Visual Language, Program generation, Spreadshee

Browsing for information on the web and in the file system

Browsing is one of the methods used for finding and refinding information on the web or in the file local system and there are opportunities to avoid this, particularly if that information is revisited frequently. We present empirical results from a field study contrasting patterns of browsing to local and web information and we qualify the cost that this navigation method incurs. In addition, we provide an improved method for defining revisit behavior and report on the level of revisits during our study. Our findings have implications for solution development that reduce user effort for finding and refinding information.Keywords: navigation, finding, Information Search and Retrieval, Information Storage and Retrieval, Information interfaces and presentation, refinding, files, web pages, Browsin

Clinical Consensus Conference: Survey on Gram-Positive Bloodstream Infections with a Focus on Staphylococcus aureus

The increased incidence over the past decade of bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by gram-positive bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , highlights the critical need for a consistent approach to therapy. However, there is currently no international consensus on the diagnosis and management of gram-positive BSIs. The Clinical Consensus Conference on Gram-Positive Bloodstream Infections was convened as a session at the 9th International Symposium on Modern Concepts in Endocarditis and Cardiovascular Infections held in 2007. Participants discussed various aspects of the practical treatment of patients who present with gram-positive BSI, including therapeutic options for patients with BSIs of undefined origin, the selection of appropriate empirical therapy, and treatment of complicated and uncomplicated BSIs. The opinions of participants about these key issues are reflected in this articl

Browsing for information on the web and in the file system

Browsing is one of the methods used for finding and refinding information on the web or in the file local system and there are opportunities to avoid this, particularly if that information is revisited frequently. We present empirical results from a field study contrasting patterns of browsing to local and web information and we qualify the cost that this navigation method incurs. In addition, we provide an improved method for defining revisit behavior and report on the level of revisits during our study. Our findings have implications for solution development that reduce user effort for finding and refinding information

Visual Specifications of Correct Spreadsheets

We introduce a visual specification language for spreadsheets that allows the definition of spreadsheet templates. A spreadsheet generator can automatically create Excel spreadsheets from these templates together with customized update operations. It can be shown that spreadsheets created in this way are free from a large class of errors, such as reference, omission, and type errors. We present a formal definition of the visual language for templates and describe the process of generating spreadsheets from templates. In addition, we present an editor for templates and analyze the editor using the Cognitive Dimensions framework.

Clinical Consensus Conference: Survey on Gram-Positive Bloodstream Infections with a Focus on Staphylococcus aureus

The increased incidence over the past decade of bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by gram-positive bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, highlights the critical need for a consistent approach to therapy. However, there is currently no international consensus on the diagnosis and management of gram-positive BSIs. The Clinical Consensus Conference on Gram-Positive Bloodstream Infections was convened as a session at the 9th International Symposium on Modern Concepts in Endocarditis and Cardiovascular Infections held in 2007. Participants discussed various aspects of the practical treatment of patients who present with gram-positive BSI, including therapeutic options for patients with BSIs of undefined origin, the selection of appropriate empirical therapy, and treatment of complicated and uncomplicated BSIs. The opinions of participants about these key issues are reflected in this article