Early Career Academic Productivity Among Emergency Physicians With R01 Grant Funding

Objectives:  The objective was to describe the early academic career activities of emergency physician (EP) scientists with recent Research Project Grant Program (R01) grant funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Methods:  The curricula vitae of all EP scientists in the United States currently funded by the NIH were analyzed for evidence of advanced research training and frequency and type of publication and grant writing. Each investigator was surveyed for demographic features and estimation of protected time during their early career development. Results:  Eighteen investigators were identified. The median length of time from completion of residency to receipt of their first R01 grant was 11 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 11 to 15 years), and the median age of investigators at the time of this award was 43 years (IQR = 39 to 47 years). At the time of their award, researchers were publishing five peer‐reviewed manuscripts a year (IQR = 1 to 8 manuscripts) and had already received considerable external funding. Ninety‐four percent of those studied had pursued a research fellowship, an advanced degree, or an NIH K‐award following residency. Conclusions:  For EPs, receipt of an R01 from the NIH requires more than a decade of work following the completion of training. This period is characterized by pursuit of advanced research training, active and accelerating publication and collaboration, and acquisition of smaller extramural grants.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/86816/1/j.1553-2712.2011.01118.x.pd

A New Three-Dimensional Exponential Material Model of the Coronary Arterial Wall to Include Shear Stress Due to Torsion

The biomechanical milieu of the coronary arteries is unique in that they experience mechanical deformations of twisting, bending, and stretchin

Fabrication of arrays of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanodots via block copolymer self-assembly

This Article presents a simple methodology for the fabrication of two-dimensional arrays of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanodots on n-doped Si substrates via the directed self-assembly of PS-b-PEO block copolymer templates. The approach produces highly ordered PZT nanodot patterns, with lateral widths and heights as small as 20 and 10 nm, respectively, and a coverage density as high as ∼68 × 109 nanodots cm–2. The existence of a perovskite phase in the nanodots was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The piezo-amplitude and ferroelectric domain response obtained from the nanodots, through piezoresponse force microscopy, confirmed the presence of ferroelectricity in the PZT arrays. Notably, PZT nanodots with a thickness ∼10 nm, which is close to the critical size limit of PZT, showed ferroelectric behavior. The presence of a multi-a/c domain structure in the nanodots was attributed to their polycrystalline nature