6,741 research outputs found
Venous Air Embolism Leading to Cardiac Arrest in an Infant with Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
Gas emboli, including venous and arterial, are a rare but important complication of pediatric cardiac surgery. They have the potential to have devastating consequences and require prompt recognition and treatment. We present a case of gas embolism occurring in the immediate postoperative period in an infant with cyanotic congenital heart disease after palliative cardiac surgery resulting in cardiopulmonary arrest. The embolism was diagnosed by visualization of air within the vessel creating an airlock and occluding pulmonary blood flow
Pippi - painless parsing, post-processing and plotting of posterior and likelihood samples
Interpreting samples from likelihood or posterior probability density
functions is rarely as straightforward as it seems it should be. Producing
publication-quality graphics of these distributions is often similarly painful.
In this short note I describe pippi, a simple, publicly-available package for
parsing and post-processing such samples, as well as generating high-quality
PDF graphics of the results. Pippi is easily and extensively configurable and
customisable, both in its options for parsing and post-processing samples, and
in the visual aspects of the figures it produces. I illustrate some of these
using an existing supersymmetric global fit, performed in the context of a
gamma-ray search for dark matter. Pippi can be downloaded and followed at
http://github.com/patscott/pippi .Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. v3: Updated for pippi 2.0. New features include
hdf5 support, out-of-core processing, inline post-processing with arbitrary
Python code in the input file, and observable-specific data cuts. Pippi can
be downloaded from http://github.com/patscott/pipp
Atmospheric circulation of hot Jupiters: insensitivity to initial conditions
The ongoing characterization of hot Jupiters has motivated a variety of
circulation models of their atmospheres. Such models must be integrated
starting from an assumed initial state, which is typically taken to be a
wind-free, rest state. Here, we investigate the sensitivity of hot-Jupiter
atmospheric circulation models to initial conditions. We consider two classes
of models--shallow-water models, which have proven successful at illuminating
the dynamical mechanisms at play on these planets, and full three-dimensional
models similar to those being explored in the literature. Models are
initialized with zonal jets, and we explore a variety of different initial jet
profiles. We demonstrate that, in both classes of models, the final,
equilibrated state is independent of initial condition--as long as frictional
drag near the bottom of the domain and/or interaction with a specified
planetary interior are included so that the atmosphere can adjust angular
momentum over time relative to the interior. When such mechanisms are included,
otherwise identical models initialized with vastly different initial conditions
all converge to the same statistical steady state. In some cases, the models
exhibit modest time variability; this variability results in random
fluctuations about the statistical steady state, but we emphasize that, even in
these cases, the statistical steady state itself does not depend on initial
conditions. Although the outcome of hot-Jupiter circulation models depend on
details of the radiative forcing and frictional drag, aspects of which remain
uncertain, we conclude that the specification of initial conditions is not a
source of uncertainty, at least over the parameter range explored in most
current models.Comment: Revised version; accepted and published. 16 pages, 16 figure
Statement of the Third International Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia Consensus Development Conference, Carlsbad, California, 2015
The third International Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia (EAH) Consensus Development Conference convened in Carlsbad, California in February 2015 with a panel of 17 international experts. The delegates represented 4 countries and 9 medical and scientific sub-specialties pertaining to athletic training, exercise physiology, sports medicine, water/sodium metabolism, and body fluid homeostasis. The primary goal of the panel was to review the existing data on EAH and update the 2008 Consensus Statement.1 This document serves to replace the second International EAH Consensus Development Conference Statement and launch an educational campaign designed to address the morbidity and mortality associated with a preventable and treatable fluid imbalance.
The following statement is a summary of the data synthesized by the 2015 EAH Consensus Panel and represents an evolution of the most current knowledge on EAH. This document will summarize the most current information on the prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of EAH for medical personnel, athletes, athletic trainers, and the greater public. The EAH Consensus Panel strove to clearly articulate what we agreed upon, did not agree upon, and did not know, including minority viewpoints that were supported by clinical experience and experimental data. Further updates will be necessary to both: (1) remain current with our understanding and (2) critically assess the effectiveness of our present recommendations. Suggestions for future research and educational strategies to reduce the incidence and prevalence of EAH are provided at the end of the document as well as areas of controversy that remain in this topic. [excerpt
Understanding the nature of the optically faint radio sources and their connection to the submillimeter population
We present a sample of 43 submillimeter sources detected (at >3 sigma), drawn
from our program to follow-up optically faint radio sources with SCUBA. These
sources already have associated radio and in many cases optical
identifications, and many are also detected at 450 microns. We compare these
with 12 submillimeter sources drawn from the literature, which were discovered
in blank field mapping campaigns, but also have radio detections. We then use
this total sample (55 sources) to study and model the evolution of dusty
galaxies. A correlation is observed in the sub-mm/radio color-magnitude
diagram, which can be modeled by strong luminosity evolution. The selection
effects of the radio/optical pre-selection technique are determined from the
models, and a corrected redshift distribution is constrained using a range of
model assumptions. The temperature/redshift effects on the 450 microns detected
subset of our sample are studied in relation to the models, and prospects for
improved measurements in the shorter sub-mm wavelength windows (450 microns and
350 microns) are explored.Comment: to appear in ApJ, 19 pages, 9 figure
Submillimeter Observations of the Ultraluminous BAL Quasar APM 08279+5255
With an inferred bolometric luminosity of 5\times10^{15}{\rm \lsun}, the
recently identified z=3.87, broad absorption line quasar APM 08279+5255 is
apparently the most luminous object currently known. As half of its prodigious
emission occurs in the infrared, APM 08279+5255 also represents the most
extreme example of an Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxy. Here, we present new
submillimeter observations of this phenomenal object; while indicating that a
vast quantity of dust is present, these data prove to be incompatible with
current models of emission mechanisms and reprocessing in ultraluminous
systems. The influence of gravitational lensing upon these models is considered
and we find that while the emission from the central continuum emitting region
may be significantly enhanced, lensing induced magnification cannot easily
reconcile the models with observations. We conclude that further modeling,
including the effects of any differential magnification is required to explain
the observed emission from APM 08279+5255.Comment: 12 Pages with Two figures. Accepted for publication in the
Astrophysical Journal Letter
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