The CEMA decal - promotion of the inspection of brand new sprayers

The placing of pesticide application equipment (PAE) on the market incompliance with the European legislation and the in-use inspection are both covered by this CEMA initiative. The declaration of conformity is part of the sprayer operator handbook and demands a risk assessment of the manufacturer. On top of this some customers, dealers and importers want to be double sure that the new sprayer will pass the first inspection for sprayers in use and that the sprayer is accompanied. In combination with a national test report and the CEMA decal a further proof of compliance is given, but it has to be stated that this is not a legal requirement. The leading European sprayer manufactures represented in CEMA have started to harmonise such optional individual sprayer proof of compliance by means of mutual recognition of national test reports and the belonging decal. To use the CEMA decal the sprayer manufacturer needs to be an authorised test centre, while the suitable test protocol could be adapted to a certain demand. An important precondition for the authorisation is a verification and agreement of the manufacturer’s test protocol by the authorisation body of a Member State. The presentation will promote the use of this preliminary inspection. A report will be given, to show the status after the launch on the Agritechnica 2017. The CEMA decal supports the approach of the manufacturers to bring new PAE to a higher safety and quality level. A positive effect is also that the training and the certification of the test staff is easier, as only one national certificate is demanded. The CEMA decal will supports the mutual recognition between the authorisation bodies.The placing of pesticide application equipment (PAE) on the market incompliance with the European legislation and the in-use inspection are both covered by this CEMA initiative. The declaration of conformity is part of the sprayer operator handbook and demands a risk assessment of the manufacturer. On top of this some customers, dealers and importers want to be double sure that the new sprayer will pass the first inspection for sprayers in use and that the sprayer is accompanied. In combination with a national test report and the CEMA decal a further proof of compliance is given, but it has to be stated that this is not a legal requirement. The leading European sprayer manufactures represented in CEMA have started to harmonise such optional individual sprayer proof of compliance by means of mutual recognition of national test reports and the belonging decal. To use the CEMA decal the sprayer manufacturer needs to be an authorised test centre, while the suitable test protocol could be adapted to a certain demand. An important precondition for the authorisation is a verification and agreement of the manufacturer’s test protocol by the authorisation body of a Member State. The presentation will promote the use of this preliminary inspection. A report will be given, to show the status after the launch on the Agritechnica 2017. The CEMA decal supports the approach of the manufacturers to bring new PAE to a higher safety and quality level. A positive effect is also that the training and the certification of the test staff is easier, as only one national certificate is demanded. The CEMA decal will supports the mutual recognition between the authorisation bodies

The future demand for an inspection of more advanced features on pesticide application equipment

Modern sprayers have a long list of advanced features, which are not proven in the in-use inspection. This optional equipment makes the application safer for the operator and the environment. But is it necessary to test these features if these are on the sprayer or is it enough to make a note in the inspection report. The presentation gives a short overview about some of the advanced solutions and rise questions what else could be required. The focus is here on horizontal boom sprayers as in this segment the more advanced pesticide application equipment (PAE) is used. But also bush and tree crop sprayer could use certain equipment. The presentation shows that there will be always a demand for adaptation of the EU directive and also the consultant work of the SPISE group is important for a safer crop care in the future.Modern sprayers have a long list of advanced features, which are not proven in the in-use inspection. This optional equipment makes the application safer for the operator and the environment. But is it necessary to test these features if these are on the sprayer or is it enough to make a note in the inspection report. The presentation gives a short overview about some of the advanced solutions and rise questions what else could be required. The focus is here on horizontal boom sprayers as in this segment the more advanced pesticide application equipment (PAE) is used. But also bush and tree crop sprayer could use certain equipment. The presentation shows that there will be always a demand for adaptation of the EU directive and also the consultant work of the SPISE group is important for a safer crop care in the future

What to be considered when you buy a sprayer: the SPISE advice

Since the publication of European Directive (2009/127/EC), environmental requirements for new orchard sprayers are mandatory. Only equipment which has successfully accomplish the specifications can be placed into the EU market. For this purpose, the new harmonized ISO 16119 series represents an interesting tool to fulfil the requirements. However, not all the sprayers placed in the marked after the publication of the Directive are in line with it. SPISE community has developed a practical guideline in order to guarantee a clear and universal dissemination among farmers and other stakeholders about the main requirements to be accomplished by the sprayers.Since the publication of European Directive (2009/127/EC), environmental requirements for new orchard sprayers are mandatory. Only equipment which has successfully accomplish the specifications can be placed into the EU market. For this purpose, the new harmonized ISO 16119 series represents an interesting tool to fulfil the requirements. However, not all the sprayers placed in the marked after the publication of the Directive are in line with it. SPISE community has developed a practical guideline in order to guarantee a clear and universal dissemination among farmers and other stakeholders about the main requirements to be accomplished by the sprayers

What to be considered when you buy a sprayer: the SPISE advice

Since the publication of European Directive (2009/127/EC), environmental requirements for new orchard sprayers are mandatory. Only equipment which has successfully accomplish the specifications can be placed into the EU market.Postprint (published version

Analyse und Prognose des deutschen (seewärtigen) Containerumschlags

Die Analyse des deutschen seewärtigen Containerumschlags erfolgt anhand eines Regres-sionsansatzes mit Daten von 1989 bis 2004. Als Determinanten für diesen Containerum-schlag lassen sich im betrachteten Zeitraum das Welt-Inlandsprodukt, das deutsche Außen-handelsvolumen und die Globalisierung (stellvertretend gemessen durch den Globalisie-rungsindex für China) quantifizieren. Für die Prognose dient ein ARIMA-Ansatz mit Jahresdaten von 1974 bis 2005, wobei aus Gründen der Datenverfügbarkeit Werte von Bremen/Bremerhaven und Hamburg benutzt werden. Die Prognosen für 2006 bis 2008 zeigen die weitere dynamische Entwicklung dieses Seehandelssegments. -- By a regression approach to the german container throughput is analysed by data from 1989 to 2004. Its main determinants in this period are the world-GDP, the german total foreign trade volume and the globalization (measured by the globalization index for China as indicator variable). For forecasting purposes an ARIMA-approach with yearly data from 1974 to 2005 is chosen, though it should be noted that from reasons of data availability values of Bremen/Bremerhaven and Hamburg are used. The forecasting values from 2006 to 2008 show the further dynamic development in this sector.

Measuring environmental policy change: conceptual alternatives and research implications

"The study of policy change has been receiving increasing scholarly attention. Despite the growing number of empirical studies on policy change, the definition and measurement of the concept has made limited progress. In comparative environmental policy research, for instance, most existing large n studies rely on impact data such as pollutant emissions to approximate processes of policy change, often without discussing the conceptual implications of this measurement approach. Against this background, this article proposes a new measurement concept for empirically assessing environmental policy change, which conceives of policy change in terms of changes in policy outputs. We illustrate our measurement concept on the basis of an original dataset covering the evolution of clean air policies in 24 advanced democracies over a period of almost three decades (1976-2003). In a second step, we evaluate the relationship between our measurement of environmental policy change and standard emission data representing the most widely used proxy in the literature. Our findings suggest that clean air policies cannot be consistently associated with emission levels, therefore calling into question the viability of environmental impact data for the study of the determinants of policy change." [author's abstract

Effects of Progesterone and Its Antagonist Mifepristone on Progesterone Receptor A Expression in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Effects of female steroid hormones on endothelial cells are gaining increased importance due to several studies on the effects of hormonal treatment on cardiovascular risk. Recent data argue for an improvement of endothelium-derived relaxation and impaired vascular contraction by estradiol, whereas progesterone and testosterone might entail contrary effects. So far, gestagenic influence on endothelial cell physiology is poorly understood. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to the female sex hormones estradiol and progesterone show expression of estrogen receptor-beta (ER beta) and progesterone receptor A (PR-A), and are negative for ER alpha and PR-B. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression and stimulation of PR-A and -B in HUVECs after stimulation with progesterone and PR antagonists that are commercially available. PR-B expression or upregulation was abrogated after application of progesterone or antagonists to HUVECs. Expression of PR-A could be significantly upregulated with progesterone and mifepristone. Unexpectedly, stimulation with the progesterone antagonist RU486 (mifepristone) was accomplished by an upregulation of PR-A expression in our study. We conclude that gestagenic effects on HUVECs independent of modulators are mediated via the PR-A. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Base

Die Rolle nationaler, regionaler und sektoraler Faktoren für die Variation von Output, Beschäftigung und Produktivität in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Ziel der Analyse ist es, für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland die Variation räumlich und sektoral disaggregierter Wachstumsraten von Output, Beschäftigung und Produktivität in einen regionalen und einen branchenspezifischen Anteil aufzuspalten und deren Bedeutung zu quantifizieren. Es zeigt sich, daß dabei im betrachteten Zeitraum die Branchengliederung die weitaus größte Bedeutung besitzt, Regionaleffekte sind dagegen gering oder gar nicht nachzuweisen. -- The variation of growth rates of output, employment and productivity disaggregated by German regions and sectors is decomposed into a regional and an industry component. The empirical analysis shows that the bulk of the variation can be attributed to sector-specific effects while the regional component is only of minor importance