Contaminação química e biológica do Canal Sangradouro da Lagoa do Peri, Ilha de Santa Catarina, Brasil

TCC(graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Biologia.O Canal Sangradouro da Lagoa do Peri é um importante curso de água utilizado por turistas e moradores para acesso entre as praias da Armação e do Matadeiro na região do Sul da Ilha de Santa Catarina. Também é utilizado para pesca e por banhistas sendo muito atrativo para crianças por possuir águas rasas e mornas. Devido à falta de infraestrutura de saneamento básico no balneário da Armação do Pântano do Sul, Ilha de Santa Catarina, SC, Brasil, este canal sofre com o lançamento de esgoto ao longo do seu curso. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar parâmetros químicos e biológicos da água, e analisar se houve influência da variação sazonal na contaminação do canal. Os parâmetros analisados em cada ponto de amostragem foram fosfato, nitrito, nitrato, nitrogênio amoniacal e coliformes termotolerantes. As avaliações da qualidade química da água e da contaminação fecal foram realizadas ao longo de um ano, em diferentes períodos sazonais entre 2019 e 2020. Cinco pontos amostrais foram avaliados, sendo o primeiro ponto as margens da Lagoa do Perí, o segundo ponto após a estação de tratamento de água da CASAN, o terceiro ponto após o Canal Sangradouro passar por uma grande área urbanizada, o quarto ponto no Rio Quincas e o quinto ponto na foz do Canal Sangradouro. A metodologia empregada para avaliação de contaminação fecal foi o teste dos tubos múltiplos com caldo lactosado. Para avaliação química através de nutrientes inorgânicos dissolvidos aplicou-se métodos colorimétricos. Foi detectado a presença de coliformes fecais em quatro pontos amostrais e os índices de coliformes totais em alguns momentos atingiram o valor máximo de NMP >1100. As concentrações de nutrientes variaram bastante, porém para alguns nutrientes como o fosfato, por exemplo, apresentaram um aumento gradativo, de 4,99 μM a 7,86 μM no ponto amostral número quatro. Os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que existe contaminação fecal no canal e que em alguns pontos de coleta o aumento populacional da região durante o verão, gera maior contaminação no Canal, elevando as concentrações de nutrientes e microrganismos. Os pontos de coleta (3 e 4) onde a urbanização é maior, apresentaram elevada concentração de contaminantes químicos e biológicos. Este estudo aponta a necessidade de maior fiscalização da prefeitura no Canal, a fim de vetar ligações de esgoto clandestinas e também providenciar o saneamento básico na região, pois a população está sendo exposta a estes contaminantes que causam doenças de vinculação hídrica e que também podem contaminar a praia do Matadeiro, pois esta possuí ligação direta com o Canal

The Placenta-A New Source of Bile Acids during Healthy Pregnancy? First Results of a Gene Expression Study in Humans and Mice.

Bile acids (BAs) are natural ligands for several receptors modulating cell activities. BAs are synthesized via the classic (neutral) and alternative (acidic) pathways. The classic pathway is initiated by CYP7A1/Cyp7a1, converting cholesterol to 7α-hydroxycholesterol, while the alternative pathway starts with hydroxylation of the cholesterol side chain, producing an oxysterol. In addition to originating from the liver, BAs are reported to be synthesized in the brain. We aimed at determining if the placenta potentially represents an extrahepatic source of BAs. Therefore, the mRNAs coding for selected enzymes involved in the hepatic BA synthesis machinery were screened in human term and CD1 mouse late gestation placentas from healthy pregnancies. Additionally, data from murine placenta and brain tissue were compared to determine whether the BA synthetic machinery is comparable in these organs. We found that CYP7A1, CYP46A1, and BAAT mRNAs are lacking in the human placenta, while corresponding homologs were detected in the murine placenta. Conversely, Cyp8b1 and Hsd17b1 mRNAs were undetected in the murine placenta, but these enzymes were found in the human placenta. CYP39A1/Cyp39a1 and cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H/Ch25h) mRNA expression were detected in the placentas of both species. When comparing murine placentas and brains, Cyp8b1 and Hsd17b1 mRNAs were only detected in the brain. We conclude that BA synthesis-related genes are placentally expressed in a species-specific manner. The potential placentally synthesized BAs could serve as endocrine and autocrine stimuli, which may play a role in fetoplacental growth and adaptation

ESPACIO PÚBLICO Y PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA: RESIGNIFICACIONES EN TIEMPOS DE COVID-19

El presente artículo constituye una síntesis del procesamiento de los resultados de una encuesta virtual, que se llevó a cabo con el fin de brindar un espacio de participación por consulta a los/as vecinos/as de la ciudad de Neuquén (Argentina). La intención fue obtener un primer diagnóstico acerca de la forma en que los sujetos sociales perciben su espacio colectivo, barrial y las relaciones con otras personas y, de esta manera, obtener información acerca de los canales de intervención y formas de acción que las instituciones u otras organizaciones (públicas, barriales, de conformación espontánea) aplican durante las primeras semanas del aislamiento social obligatorio, en el marco del COVID-19. Al espacio público lo entendemos más allá de su visión estrictamente espacial. Responde a la importancia para producir ciudad y generar integración social, sustentado en la participación comunitaria, también, a través de las redes sociales. Intentar, entonces, canalizar nuevas formas de vinculación e instrumentos para el fortalecimiento de la sociedad civil, a partir de la dimensión virtual del espacio público, se considera una acción novedosa pero no por ello menos pertinente. Estudiar el comportamiento social en el espacio colectivo, a través de una herramienta virtual, nos aporta evidencias de nuevas formas de interactuar, de participar y del uso de estos espacios. Entre los interrogantes que se plantean, se encuentra el rol que adquiere la dimensión virtual, como nuevo “lugar” de interacción entre las personas: ¿las nuevas formas de vinculación de los sujetos sociales, a través de los entornos virtuales, fortalecen o debilitan las redes actuales?; ¿reproducen las desigualdades del espacio material u ofrecen una alternativa frente a las urgencias que se suscitan? El debate recién se inicia

Public space and citizen participation: resignifications in times of Covid-19

El presente artículo constituye una síntesis del procesamiento de los resultados de una encuesta virtual, que se llevó a cabo con el fin de brindar un espacio de participación por consulta a los/as vecinos/as de la ciudad de Neuquén (Argentina). La intención fue obtener un primer diagnóstico acerca de la forma en que los sujetos sociales perciben su espacio colectivo, barrial y las relaciones con otras personas y, de esta manera, obtener información acerca de los canales de intervención y formas de acción que las instituciones u otras organizaciones (públicas, barriales, de conformación espontánea) aplican durante las primeras semanas del aislamiento social obligatorio, en el marco del COVID-19. Al espacio público lo entendemos más allá de su visión estrictamente espacial. Responde a la importancia para producir ciudad y generar integración social, sustentado en la participación comunitaria, también, a través de las redes sociales. Intentar, entonces, canalizar nuevas formas de vinculación e instrumentos para el fortalecimiento de la sociedad civil, a partir de la dimensión virtual del espacio público, se considera una acción novedosa pero no por ello menos pertinente. Estudiar el comportamiento social en el espacio colectivo, a través de una herramienta virtual, nos aporta evidencias de nuevas formas de interactuar, de participar y del uso de estos espacios. Entre los interrogantes que se plantean, se encuentra el rol que adquiere la dimensión virtual, como nuevo ?lugar? de interacción entre las personas: ¿las nuevas formas de vinculación de los sujetos sociales, a través de los entornos virtuales, fortalecen o debilitan las redes actuales?; ¿reproducen las desigualdades del espacio material u ofrecen una alternativa frente a las urgencias que se suscitan? El debate recién se inicia.This article synthesis the results of a virtual survey. It was carried out in order to provide a space for participation by consultation to the residents of the Neuquén city (Argentina). It is a first diagnosis about the way in which social subjects perceive their collective space and their relationship. Also, provides information about the intervention channels and forms of action that institutions or other organizations (public, neighborhood, spontaneous) apply during the first weeks of compulsory social isolation, within the framework of COVID-19. Public space is understood beyond its strictly spatial vision. It responds to the importance of producing the city and generating social integration, based on community participation, also, through social networks. Therefore, trying to channel new forms of connection and instruments for the strengthening of civil society, based on the virtual dimension of public space, is considered a novel action but no less pertinent. Studying social behavior in the collective space, through a virtual tool, can provide us with evidence of new ways of interacting, participating and using these spaces. Among the questions that arise, is the role that the virtual dimension acquires, as a new “place” of interaction between people: do new ways of linking social subjects, strengthen or weaken the current networks? Do they reproduce the inequalities of material space or do they offer an alternative to the emergencies that arise? The debate has just started.Fil: Schroeder, Romina Valeria. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto Patagónico de Estudios de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto Patagónico de Estudios de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Vilo, Mariana Elena. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Facultad de Humanidades. Departamento de Geografía; Argentin

Efecto de la fertilización con macronutrientes en Lippia turbinata Gris

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el efecto que ejerce la fertilización con distintas dosis de N-P-K sobre la producción de masa verde y las concentraciones foliares de estos elementos en Lippio turbinata Gris. El ensayo fue realizado en el Campo Experimental de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas (UNNE) situado sobre la ruta N°12 km 5, en la localidad de Corrientes Dpto. Capital (Corrientes-Argentina), durante los meses de noviembre, diciembre y enero de 2004. Fueron realizadas tres aplicaciones de fertilizantes cada 45 días, realizándose el corte y toma de muestras a los 40 días de cada fertilización. Fueron probados ocho tratamientos con tres repeticiones cada uno, utilizándose un arreglo en parcela dividida con época de corte como parcela principal y tratamiento como subparcela. Las dosis aplicadas por planta fueron 6g de N, 6g de P2O5 y 6g de K2O. Fueron evaluados indicadores de rendimiento tales como peso fresco, peso seco, número de hojas, longitud y número de ramas. También fueron determinadas las concentraciones foliares de estos nutrientes en cada corte. El N fue determinado por el Método de Kjeldahl, P por espectrofotometría UV – Visible (Método Murphy – Riley); y K por espectrometría de absorción atómica. La fertilización con N-P-K en las dosis y momentos probados no tuvo un efecto significativo en la producción de masa verde de L. turbinata, con excepción del tercer corte donde se observó un aumento del peso seco y número de hojas. La fertilización tampoco afectó significativamente la composición nutricional de esta especie, las diferencias encontradas entre momentos de corte podrían deberse a la dinámica de estos nutrientes en la especie

The Consequences of Assisted Reproduction Technologies on the Offspring Health Throughout Life: A Placental Contribution

The use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) worldwide has led to the conception and birth of over eight million babies since being implemented in 1978. ART use is currently on the rise, given growing infertility and the increase in conception age among men and women in industrialized countries. Though obstetric and perinatal outcomes have improved over the years, pregnancies achieved by ART still bear increased risks for the mother and the unborn child. Moreover, given that the first generation of ART offspring is now only reaching their forties, the long-term effects of ART are currently unknown. This is important, as there is a wealth of data showing that life-long health can be predetermined by poor conditions during intrauterine development, including irregularities in the structure and functioning of the placenta. In the current review, we aim to summarize the latest available findings examining the effects of ART on the cardiometabolic, cognitive/neurodevelopmental, and behavioral outcomes in the perinatal period, childhood and adolescence/adulthood; and to examine placental intrinsic factors that may contribute to the developmental outcomes of ART offspring. Altogether, the latest knowledge about life outcomes beyond adolescence for those conceived by ART appears to suggest a better long-term outcome than previously predicted. There are also changes in placenta structure and functional capacity with ART. However, more work in this area is critically required, since the potential consequences of ART may still emerge as the offspring gets older. In addition, knowledge of the placenta may help to foresee and mitigate any adverse outcomes in the offspring

Maternal Environmental Contribution to Adult Sensitivity and Resistance to Obesity in Long Evans Rats

The OLETF rat is an animal model of early onset hyperphagia induced obesity, presenting multiple pre-obese characteristics during the suckling period. In the present study, we used a cross-fostering strategy to assess whether interactions with obese dams in the postnatal environment contributed to the development of obesity.On postnatal Day (PND)-1 OLETF and control LETO pups were cross-fostered to same or opposite strain dams. An independent ingestion test was performed on PND11 and a nursing test on PND18. Rats were sacrificed at weaning or on PND90, and plasma leptin, insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were assayed. Fat pads were collected and weighed and adipocyte size and number were estimated. Body weight and intake, as well as the estrous cycle of the female offspring were monitored.During the suckling period, the pups' phenotype was almost completely determined by the strain of the mother. However, pups independently ingested food according to their genotype, regardless of their actual phenotype. At adulthood, cross fostered males of both strains and LETO females were affected in regard of their adiposity levels in the direction of the foster dam. On the other hand, OLETF females showed almost no alterations in adiposity but were affected by the strain of the dams in parameters related to the metabolic syndrome. Thus, OLETF females showed reduced liver adiposity and circulating levels of ALT, while LETO females presented a disrupted estrous cycle and increased cholesterol and triglycerides in the long term.The present study provides further support for the early postnatal environment playing a sex-divergent role in programming later life phenotype. In addition, it plays a more central role in determining the functioning of mechanisms involved in energy balance that may provide protection from or sensitivity to later life obesity and pathologies related to the metabolic syndrome

Cholecystokinin Modulation of Maternal Behavior.

International audienceLes modifications résultant de la loi du 26 novembre 200

Effect of progesterone on Candida albicans biofilm formation under acidic conditions: a transcriptomic analysis

Supplementary material related to this article can be found, in the online version, at doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2020.151414.Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) caused by Candida albicans is a common disease worldwide. A very important C. albicans virulence factor is its ability to form biofilms on epithelium and/or on intrauterine devices promoting VVC. It has been shown that VVC has a hormonal dependency and that progesterone affects virulence traits of C. albicans cells. To understand how the acidic environment (pH 4) and progesterone (either alone and in combination) modulate C. albicans response during formation of biofilm, a transcriptomic analysis was performed together with characterization of the biofilm properties. Compared to planktonic cells, acidic biofilm-cells exhibited major changes in their transcriptome, including modifications in the expression of 286 genes that were not previously associated with biofilm formation in C. albicans. The vast majority of the genes up-regulated in the acidic biofilm cells (including those uniquely identified in our study) are known targets of Sfl1, and consistently, Sfl1 deletion is herein shown to impair the formation of acidic biofilms (pH4). Under the acidic conditions used, the presence of progesterone reduced C. albicans biofilm biomass and structural cohesion. Transcriptomic analysis of biofilms developed in the presence of progesterone led to the identification of 65 down-regulated genes including, among others, the regulator Tec1 and several of its target genes, suggesting that the function of this transcription factor is inhibited by the presence of the hormone. Additionally, progesterone reduced the susceptibility of biofilm cells to fluconazole, consistent with an up-regulation of efflux pumps. Overall, the results of this study show that progesterone modulates C. albicans biofilm formation and genomic expression under acidic conditions, which may have implications for C. albicans pathogenicity in the vaginal environment.This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2019 unit and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145- FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 – Programa Operacional Regional do Norte. Funding received by iBB–Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences from FCT (UID/BIO/04565/2013), from Programa Operacional Regional de Lisboa 2020 Project No. 007317 is also acknowledged. Support from FCT to NAP through the doctoral program Applied and Environmental Microbiology (PD/BD/143026/2018) is also acknowledged. B. Gonçalves is recipient of a PhD grant supported by FCT (SFRH/BD/111645/2015). G. Butler was supported by Science Foundation Ireland (12/IA/1343).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio