109 research outputs found
Relation Between Bulk and Interface Descriptions of Alloy Solidification
From a simple bulk model for the one-dimensional steady-state solidification
of a dilute binary alloy we derive an interface description, allowing arbitrary
values of the growth velocity. Our derivation leads to exact expressions for
the fluxes and forces at the interface and for the set of Onsager coefficients.
We, moreover, discover a continuous symmetry, which appears in the low-velocity
regime, and there deletes the Onsager sign and symmetry properties. An example
is the generation of the sometimes negative friction coefficient in the
crystallization flux-force relation
Diffusion-Induced Oscillations of Extended Defects
From a simple model for the driven motion of a planar interface under the
influence of a diffusion field we derive a damped nonlinear oscillator equation
for the interface position. Inside an unstable regime, where the damping term
is negative, we find limit-cycle solutions, describing an oscillatory
propagation of the interface. In case of a growing solidification front this
offers a transparent scenario for the formation of solute bands in binary
alloys, and, taking into account the Mullins-Sekerka instability, of banded
structures
Capillary-Wave Description of Rapid Directional Solidification
A recently introduced capillary-wave description of binary-alloy
solidification is generalized to include the procedure of directional
solidification. For a class of model systems a universal dispersion relation of
the unstable eigenmodes of a planar steady-state solidification front is
derived, which readjusts previously known stability considerations. We,
moreover, establish a differential equation for oscillatory motions of a planar
interface that offers a limit-cycle scenario for the formation of solute bands,
and, taking into account the Mullins-Sekerka instability, of banded structures
Capillary-Wave Model for the Solidification of Dilute Binary Alloys
Starting from a phase-field description of the isothermal solidification of a
dilute binary alloy, we establish a model where capillary waves of the
solidification front interact with the diffusive concentration field of the
solute. The model does not rely on the sharp-interface assumption, and includes
non-equilibrium effects, relevant in the rapid-growth regime. In many
applications it can be evaluated analytically, culminating in the appearance of
an instability which, interfering with the Mullins-Sekerka instability, is
similar to that, found by Cahn in grain-boundary motion.Comment: 17 pages, 12 figure
Mastectomy by inverted drip incision and immediate reconstruction: data from 510 cases
BACKGROUND: Immediate reconstruction of the breast can be performed in
selected cases after mastectomy for breast cancer or after prophylactic
mastectomy in patients with a high risk of developing breast cancer.
Despite the frequency with which these procedures are performed, data from
large series of subpectoral implantation of silicone prostheses in
combination with a skin-saving approach are lacking. METHODS: In this
retrospective study, data on complications and late surgical interventions
in 356 patients who underwent 510 mastectomies with an inverted drip
incision and immediate reconstruction (MIDIIR) were analyzed to determine
potential prognostic factors of early complications. RESULTS: In 82% of
the MIDIIRs, the postoperative course was uneventful. In 18%, the
complications were infection (32 cases), necrosis of the skin flap (29
cases), bleeding (31 cases), and protrusion of the prosthesis (20 cases),
resulting in surgery in 9, 12, 15, and 20 cases, respectively. At the end
of the follow-up period, 30 (6%) prostheses were definitively removed.
Age, size of the prostheses, radiotherapy, previous lumpectomy, and
indication for mastectomy were not significant factors for the prognosis
of early complications. CONCLUSIONS: With the right technique and
indications, MIDIIR is a very safe procedure and should be one of the
surgical treatments that can be offered in the overall management of
patients with, or at high risk for, breast cancer
Capilloquinol: A Novel Farnesyl Quinol from the Dongsha Atoll Soft Coral Sinularia capillosa
Capilloquinol (1), possessing an unprecedented farnesyl quinoid skeleton, was isolated from the Dongsha Atoll soft coral Sinularia capillosa. The structure of capilloquinol was elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data. The cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus of 1 was evaluated in vitro
The role of telehealth in the covid-19 pandemic : a brazilian experience
O SARS-CoV-2, vĂrus causador da Covid-19, Ă© o terceiro coronavĂrus a causar doença grave em humanos e que apresentou disseminação global nas duas Ăşltimas dĂ©cadas. Nesse contexto, diversos departamentos nacionais de saĂşde pĂş- blica, entre eles o MinistĂ©rio da SaĂşde do Brasil, trouxeram destaque Ă quilo que era, atĂ© entĂŁo, considerado um serviço de apoio ao sistema de saĂşde: a telessaĂşde e a telemedicina. Pretendemos apresentar as ações realizadas por um serviço nacional de telessaĂşde no Brasil, tanto no suporte aos profissionais de saĂşde da Atenção Primá- ria Ă SaĂşde quanto a pacientes, alĂ©m de discutir o potencial de reorganizar um sistema de saĂşde. Estudo de prevalĂŞncia que sumariza as ações de telemedicina adotadas pelo TelessaĂşdeRS-UFRGS no perĂodo da 9ÂŞ Ă 27ÂŞ semana epidemiolĂłgica de 2020 para apoio aos serviços de saĂşde do Sistema Ăšnico de SaĂşde (SUS). Houve aumento de 76,8% da demanda de teleconsultorias telefĂ´nicas no perĂodo avaliado em comparação com o mesmo perĂodo em 2019, sendo 28,8% dessa demanda total decorrente de dĂşvidas relacionada Ă Covid-19. A pandemia por Covid-19 demandou rápida resposta com a organização de materiais sobre a doença, uma nova equipe para execução das atividades de telemonitoramento e teleconsultas, alĂ©m da elaboração de um manual para teleconsultas na Atenção Primária Ă SaĂşde.SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Covid-19, is the third coronavirus to cause severe disease in humans and to spread globally in the past two decades. In this context, several national public health departments, including the Brazilian Ministry of Health, highlighted what was, until then, considered a support service to the health system: telehealth and telemedicine. We intend to present the actions carried out by a national telehealth service in Brazil, both as a Primary Health Care (PHC) support service to professionals and to patients, as well as discussing the potential to reorganize a health system. This is a prevalence study that summarizes the measures adopted by Brazilian Telehealth Center from the 9th to the 27th epidemiological weeks of 2020 to support the health services of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). There was an increase of 76.8% in the demand for telephone teleconsultations during the evaluated period compared to the same period in 2019, with 28.8% of the entire demand arising from doubts related to Covid-19. The Covid-19 pandemic demanded a quick response, with the organization of materials about the disease, a new team to carry out telemonitoring and teleconsultation activities, in addition to the creation of a manual for teleconsultations in Primary Health Care.Telemedicin
PENGARUH TEKANAN KETAATAN DAN KOMPLEKSITAS TUGAS TERHADAP AUDIT JUDGMENT (Survey Terhadap Lima Kantor AkuntanPublik di Kota Bandung)
ABSTRAK
Seperti yang kita ketahui bahwa seorang auditor dalam melakukan tugasnya membuat audit judgment dipengaruhi banyak faktor, baik bersifat teknis dan non teknis. Salah satu faktor non teknis adalah aspek perilaku individual. Aspek perilaku individu, sebagai salah satu faktor yang banyak mempengaruhi pembuatan audit judgment. Pada penelitian ini ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi audit judgment yaitu tekanan ketaatan dan kompleksitas tugas.
Dalam penelitian ini penullis ingin mengetahui sejauh mana “tekanan ketaatan dan kompleksitas tugas terhadap audit judgment”. Sedangkan tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mempelajari tekanan ketaatan dan kompleksitas tugas terhadap audit judgment.
Hipotesis yang diuji dalam penelitian ini adalah “ jika tekanan ketaatan dan kompleksitas tugas baik, maka audit judgment akan meningkat ( baik pula)”. Hipotesis ini berdasarkan asumsi bahwa tekanan ketaatan dan kompleksitas tugas berpengaruh terhadap audit judgment.dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif asosiatif dengan pendekatan survey dan tes statistik. Penelitian ini terdiri dari atas variabel X1 dan X2 dan audit judgment sebagai veriabel Y atau variabel independen. Uji statistik dilakukan dengan mengolah data dari hasil jawaban kuesioner.
Dalam penelitian ini, peulis menyebarkan angket kepada 5 Kantor Akuntan Publik di Kota Bandung khusunya untuk para auditor. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner yang telah diuji validitasnya dan reabilitasnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di 5 KAP di Kota Bandung. Pengambilan sampel ini menggunakan purposive sampling berukuran 28 orang responden.
Untuk uji hipotesis penelitian, penulis melakukannya dengan uji t untuk masing-masing variabel X1,X2, dan Y. Dari hasil uji tHitung tekanan ketaatan terhadap audit judgment tHitung =4,178>ttabel = 1.705 kompleksitas tugas terhadap audit judgment 5 tHitung = 3.364 > ttabel = 1,705. Maka, dari hasil uji hipotesis tersebut penulis menyimpulkan bahwa hipotesis penelitian diterima (Ho ditolak, Ha diterima) artinya terdapat pengaruh antara terkanan ketaatan terhadap audit judgment dan kompleksitas tugas terhadap audit judgment
Untuk mencari besarnya pengaruh Tekanan ketaatan dan Kompleksitas Tugas terhadap Audit Judgment secara simultan penulis melakukannya dengan uji f dengan koefisien determinasi (KD). Dari hasil uji fhitung dan > f table yaitu 16,182>3,370.
Kata kunci : Tekanan Ketaatan dan Kompleksitas tugas Terhadap Audit Judgmen
Percutaneous transhepatic or endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage in malignant distal bile duct obstruction using a self-expanding metal stent: Study protocol for a prospective European multicenter trial (PUMa trial)
Background Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) was associated with better clinical success and a lower rate of adverse events (AEs) than fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) in recent single center studies with mainly retrospective design and small case numbers (< 50). The aim of this prospective European multicenter study is to compare both drainage procedures using ultrasound-guidance and primary metal stent implantation in patients with malignant distal bile duct obstruction (PUMa Trial). Methods The study is designed as a non-randomized, controlled, parallel group, non-inferiority trial. Each of the 16 study centers performs the procedure with the best local expertise (PTBD or EUS-BD). In PTBD, bile duct access is performed by ultrasound guidance. EUS-BD is performed as an endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS), EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS) or EUS-guided antegrade stenting (EUS-AGS). Insertion of a metal stent is intended in both procedures in the first session. Primary end point is technical success. Secondary end points are clinical success, duration pf procedure, AEs graded by severity, length of hospital stay, re-intervention rate and survival within 6 months. The target case number is 212 patients (12 calculated dropouts included). Discussion This study might help to clarify whether PTBD is non-inferior to EUS-BD concerning technical success, and whether one of both interventions is superior in terms of efficacy and safety in one or more secondary endpoints. Randomization is not provided as both procedures are rarely used after failed endoscopic biliary drainage and study centers usually prefer one of both procedures that they can perform best
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