Chiral perturbation theory for lattice QCD with a twisted mass term

Quantum Chromodynamics on a lattice with Wilson fermions and a chirally twisted mass term for two degenerate quark flavours is considered in the framework of chiral perturbation theory. The pion mass and decay constant are calculated in next-to-leading order including terms linear in the lattice spacing $a$.Comment: 5 pages, LaTeX2e, typos corrected, 2 references adde

Auf dem Weg zu einer ökologischen Tierzucht

Welche Rinder, Schweine, Hühner braucht der ökologisch wirtschaftende Betrieb? Welche geeigneten Rassen stehen zur Verfügung, und welche Ansätze gibt es, um Tiere mit den gewünschten Eigenschaften zu züchten? Welche Strukturen müssen dazu aufgebaut werden? Um diese Fragen geht es in einem von der Zukunftsstiftung Landwirtschaft organisierten und im Rahmen des Bundesprogramms Ökologischer Landbau geförderten Projekt. Mit ihm sollen die Aktivitäten für eine ökologische Tierzucht ermittelt, vernetzt, die Notwendigkeit des Aufbaus eigenständiger Strukturen geprüft und Zuchtverbände und Zuchtunternehmen für eine Öko-Züchtung gewonnen werden. Der Text stellt bisher gewonnene Ergebnisse des laufenden Projektes vor. Inhalt: Ökologische Rinderzucht: Von erfolgreichen Ansätzen zum eigenständigen Zuchtprogramm - Lebensleistung statt Höchstleistung - Die bäuerliche Zucht stärken - Ein eigenständiges Zuchtprogramm entwickeln - Eigenständige Dachorganisation? Ökologische Schweinezucht: Der Weg zu Öko-Schweinen ist noch länger - Mastschweine: Genuss vor Masse - Muttersauen: Ausgeglichene Sauen mit hoher Aufzuchtleistung Ökologische Hühnerzucht: Erst die Öko-Hybride und weiter zum Zweinutzungshuhn - Großer Handlungsbedarf - Welche Hühner für den Öko-Landbau? - Zuchtziel Öko-Hybride - Längerfristig Rassegeflügel mit Zweifachnutzun

Fermionic reaction coordinates and their application to an autonomous Maxwell demon in the strong coupling regime

We establish a theoretical method which goes beyond the weak coupling and Markovian approximations while remaining intuitive, using a quantum master equation in a larger Hilbert space. The method is applicable to all impurity Hamiltonians tunnel-coupled to one (or multiple) baths of free fermions. The accuracy of the method is in principle not limited by the system-bath coupling strength, but rather by the shape of the spectral density and it is especially suited to study situations far away from the wide-band limit. In analogy to the bosonic case, we call it the fermionic reaction coordinate mapping. As an application we consider a thermoelectric device made of two Coulomb-coupled quantum dots. We pay particular attention to the regime where this device operates as an autonomous Maxwell demon shoveling electrons against the voltage bias thanks to information. Contrary to previous studies we do not rely on a Markovian weak coupling description. Our numerical findings reveal that in the regime of strong coupling and non-Markovianity, the Maxwell demon is often doomed to disappear except in a narrow parameter regime of small power output.Comment: 18 pages incl. references, appendix and 10 figures; accepted versio

Pionierprojekte für ökologische Rinderzucht

Der Beitrag stellt die wichtigsten bisher bestehenden Pionierprojekte für eine ökologische Rinderzucht vor: - Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Rinderzucht auf Lebensleistung (ARGE) - Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lebenslinien (ALL) - Arbeitsgemeinschaft Österreichischer Lebensleistungszüchter (AÖLL) - Verein zur Erhaltung und Förderung des Schwarzbunten Niederungsrinde

On Producing Long-Lived Spin Polarized Metastable Atoms—Feasibility of Storing Electric Energy †

We describe a method of producing long-lived multiply excited spin polarized atoms or ions, the decay of which is strongly delayed or even blocked by intra-ionic magnetic stabilization. Special configurations with huge internal magnetic fields capture only spin polarized electrons in collisions with spin aligned atomic hydrogen gas targets. It is expected that the spin aligned configuration yields an extremely high internal magnetic field which will effectively block spin flip transitions. By this the lifetime of inner shell vacancies is expected to strongly increase

Embedded Program Annotations for WCET Analysis

We present __builtin_ais_annot(), a user-friendly, versatile way to transfer annotations (also known as flow facts) written on the source code level to the machine code level. To do so, we couple two tools often used during the development of safety-critical hard real-time systems, the formally verified C compiler CompCert and the static WCET analyzer aiT. CompCert stores the AIS annotations given via __builtin_ais_annot() in a special section of the ELF binary, which can later be extracted automatically by aiT

A new comparative approach to macroeconomic modeling and policy analysis

In the aftermath of the global financial crisis, the state of macroeconomic modeling and the use of macroeconomic models in policy analysis has come under heavy criticism. Macroeconomists in academia and policy institutions have been blamed for relying too much on a particular class of macroeconomic models. This paper proposes a comparative approach to macroeconomic policy analysis that is open to competing modeling paradigms. Macroeconomic model comparison projects have helped produce some very influential insights such as the Taylor rule. However, they have been infrequent and costly, because they require the input of many teams of researchers and multiple meetings to obtain a limited set of comparative findings. This paper provides a new approach that enables individual researchers to conduct model comparisons easily, frequently, at low cost and on a large scale. Using this approach a model archive is built that includes many well-known empirically estimated models that may be used for quantitative analysis of monetary and fiscal stabilization policies. A computational platform is created that allows straightforward comparisons of models’ implications. Its application is illustrated by comparing different monetary and fiscal policies across selected models. Researchers can easily include new models in the data base and compare the effects of novel extensions to established benchmarks thereby fostering a comparative instead of insular approach to model development

Influence of poling conditions on the gas emission of PVDF

The influence of the poling time and the polarity of the applied voltage on the time dependence of the gas emission of PVDF is investigated. If PVDF films are poled in electric fields of about 100MV/m, charges are injected and ions are formed by electrochemical reactions. By recombination and by other reactions of these ions, HF gas is evolved, diffusing out of the sample through the porous electrode. This gas emission increases with increasing field strength. At constant field it decreases to a steady state value comparable to the space-charge-limited poling current of PVDF. Free ions are trapped in the polarization zone. Under short-circuit conditions shallow trapped ions are freed and the gas emission increases strongly. The longer the poling time, the broader the polarization distribution. If the polarization zone is located near the nonporous electrode, the recombined gas molecules need longer time to reach the porous electrode. Therefore, the gas emission under short-circuit conditions is delayed by poling with negative polarity compared to positive polarity

Application of an online-biomass sensor in an optical multisensory platform prototype for growth monitoring of biotechnical relevant microorganism and cell lines in single-use shake flasks

In the context of this work we evaluated a multisensory, noninvasive prototype platform for shake flask cultivations by monitoring three basic parameters (pH, pO2 and biomass). The focus lies on the evaluation of the biomass sensor based on backward light scattering. The application spectrum was expanded to four new organisms in addition to E. coli K12 and S. cerevisiae [1]. It could be shown that the sensor is appropriate for a wide range of standard microorganisms, e.g., L. zeae, K. pastoris, A. niger and CHO-K1. The biomass sensor signal could successfully be correlated and calibrated with well-known measurement methods like OD600, cell dry weight (CDW) and cell concentration. Logarithmic and Bleasdale-Nelder derived functions were adequate for data fitting. Measurements at low cell concentrations proved to be critical in terms of a high signal to noise ratio, but the integration of a custom made light shade in the shake flask improved these measurements significantly. This sensor based measurement method has a high potential to initiate a new generation of online bioprocess monitoring. Metabolic studies will particularly benefit from the multisensory data acquisition. The sensor is already used in labscale experiments for shake flask cultivations.BMWi/AiF projec

SMM behaviour and magnetocaloric effect in heterometallic 3d-4f coordination clusters with high azide : metal ratios

We present the synthesis and characterization of heterometallic compounds with a very large azide to metal ratio and fascinating magnetic properties