SU(2) symmetry in a Hubbard model with spin-orbit coupling

We study the underlying symmetry in a spin-orbit coupled tight-binding model with Hubbard interaction. It is shown that, in the absence of the on-site interaction, the system possesses the SU(2) symmetry arising from the timereversal symmetry. The influence of the on-site interaction on the symmetry depends on the topology of the networks: The SU(2) symmetry is shown to be the spin rotation symmetry of a simply-connected lattice, so it still holds in the presence of the Hubbard correlation. In contrary, the on-site interaction breaks the SU(2) symmetry of a multi-connected lattice.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

European emissions of the powerful greenhouse gases hydrofluorocarbons inferred from atmospheric measurements and their comparison with annual national reports to UNFCCC

Hydrofluorocarbons are powerful greenhouse gases developed by industry after the phase-out of the ozone depleting chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons required by the Montreal Protocol. The climate benefit of reducing the emissions of hydrofluorocarbons has been widely recognised, leading to an amendment of the Montreal Protocol (Kigali Amendment) calling for developed countries to start to phase-down hydrofluorocarbons by 2019 and in developing countries to follow with a freeze between 2024 and 2028. In this way, nearly half a degree Celsius of warming would be avoided by the end of the century. Hydrofluorocarbons are also included in the basket of gases controlled under the Kyoto Protocol of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Annex I parties to the Convention submit annual national greenhouse gas inventories based on a bottom-up approach, which relies on declared anthropogenic activities. Top-down methodologies, based on atmospheric measurements and modelling, can be used in support to the inventory compilation. In this study we used atmospheric data from four European sites combined with the FLEXPART dispersion model and a Bayesian inversion method, in order to derive emissions of nine individual hydrofluorocarbons from the whole European Geographic Domain and from twelve regions within it, then comparing our results with the annual emissions that the European countries submit every year to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, as well as with the bottom-up Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research. We found several discrepancies when considering the specific compounds and on the country level. However, an overall agreement is found when comparing European aggregated data, which between 2008 and 2014 are on average 84.2 ± 28.0 Tg-CO2-eq$yr1 against the 95.1 Tg-CO2-eq$yr1 reported by UNFCCC in the same period. Therefore, in agreement with other studies, the gap on the global level between bottom-up estimates of Annex I countries and total global top-down emissions should be essentially due to emissions from non-reporting countries (non-Annex I)

Prenatal exposures and exposomics of asthma

This review examines the causal investigation of preclinical development of childhood asthma using exposomic tools. We examine the current state of knowledge regarding early-life exposure to non-biogenic indoor air pollution and the developmental modulation of the immune system. We examine how metabolomics technologies could aid not only in the biomarker identification of a particular asthma phenotype, but also the mechanisms underlying the immunopathologic process. Within such a framework, we propose alternate components of exposomic investigation of asthma in which, the exposome represents a reiterative investigative process of targeted biomarker identification, validation through computational systems biology and physical sampling of environmental medi

Der Einsatz von technisch-assistiven Systemen zur Frühmobilisation von Intensivpatient_Innen: ein Scoping Review

Die Mobilisation von Intensivpatient_Innen wird aufgrund von verschiedenen Faktoren oft sehr spätdurchgeführt. Studien zeigen aber, dass sie, insbesondere wenn sie früh beginnt, einen positiven Effekt auf Heilungsprozess und Rehabilitation von Schwerstkranken haben kann [2]. Robotische Systeme können dabei helfen, die Frühmobilisation im Intensivstationsalltag realisierbarer zu machen. Dieses Scoping Review gibt einen Überblick über bisherige Forschungsaktivitäten zur robotischen Frühmobilisation von Intensivpatient_Innen. Folgende Fragestellungen lagen zugrunde: Wie wird Frühmobilisation mittels robotischem System auf Intensivstationen durchgeführt? Welchen Effekt hat die Frühmobilisation mittels robotischem System auf das Patient_Innenoutcome

Frühmobilisation von Intensivpatient_Innen mit Hilfe von robotischen Systemen - ein Scoping Review

Hintergrund: Die Mobilisation von Intensivpatient_Innen wird aufgrund von verschiedenen Faktoren oft sehr spät durchgeführt [1]. Studien zeigen aber, dass sie, insbesondere wenn sie früh beginnt, einen positiven Effekt auf Heilungsprozess und Rehabilitation von Schwerstkranken haben kann [2]. Robotische Systeme können dabei helfen, die Frühmobilisation im Intensivstationsalltag realisierbarer zu machen. Fragestellung und Zielsetzung: Dieses Scoping Review gibt einen Überblick über bisherige Forschungsaktivität zur robotischen Frühmobilisation von Intensivpatient_Innen. Folgende Fragestellungen lagen zugrunde: Wie wird Frühmobilisation mittels robotischem System auf Intensivstationen durchgeführt? Welchen Effekt hat die Frühmobilisation mittels robotischem System auf das Patient_Innenoutcome