105 research outputs found
Diurnal variation of upper tropospheric humidity and its relations to convective activities over tropical Africa
Diurnal variations of upper tropospheric humidity (UTH) as well as middle tropospheric humidity (MTH) were examined in conjunction with the diurnal cycle of convection over tropical Africa and the adjacent tropical Atlantic Ocean using Meteosat-8 measurements. Cloud and humidity features were also tracked to document the diurnal variations of humidity and clouds in the Lagrangian framework. <br><br> A distinct diurnal variation of UTH (and MTH) is noted over regions where tropical deep convective cloud systems are commonly observed. The amplitude of the UTH diurnal variation is larger over land, while its variations over convectively inactive subtropical regions are much smaller. The diurnal variation of UTH tends to reach a maximum during nighttime over land, lagging deep convection and high cloud whose maxima occurred in the late afternoon and evening, respectively. It was revealed that these diurnal variations over the African continent are likely associated with continental-scale daytime solar heating and topography, in which topographically-induced signals develop earlier around the mid-afternoon and merge into stronger and broader continental-scale convection clusters later, forming a precipitation maximum in the late afternoon. It was also revealed that advection effect on the diurnal variation appears to be insignificant
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Quantifying the response of the ORAC aerosol optical depth retrieval for MSG SEVIRI to aerosol model assumptions
We test the response of the Oxford-RAL Aerosol and Cloud
(ORAC) retrieval algorithm for MSG SEVIRI to changes in the aerosol properties used in the dust aerosol model, using data from the Dust OutïŹow and Deposition to the Ocean (DODO) ïŹight campaign in August 2006. We ïŹnd
that using the observed DODO free tropospheric aerosol size distribution and refractive index increases simulated top of the atmosphere radiance at 0.55 ”m assuming a ïŹxed erosol optical depth of 0.5 by 10â15 %, reaching a maximum diïŹerence at low solar zenith angles. We test the sensitivity of the retrieval to the vertical distribution f the aerosol and ïŹnd that this is unimportant in determining simulated radiance at 0.55 ”m. We also test the ability of the ORAC retrieval when used to produce the GlobAerosol dataset to correctly identify continental aerosol outïŹow from the African continent and we ïŹnd that it poorly constrains aerosol speciation. We develop spatially and
temporally resolved prior distributions of aerosols to inform the retrieval which incorporates ïŹve aerosol models: desert dust, maritime, biomass burning, urban and continental. We use a Saharan Dust Index and the GEOS-Chem chemistry transport model to describe dust and biomass burning aerosol outïŹow, and compare AOD using our speciation against the GlobAerosol retrieval during January and July 2006. We ïŹnd AOD discrepancies of 0.2â1 over regions of intense biomass burning outïŹow, where AOD from our aerosol speciation and GlobAerosol speciation can diïŹer by as much as 50 - 70 %
PHIP-associated Chung-Jansen syndrome: Report of 23 new individuals
In 2016 and 2018, Chung, Jansen and others described a new syndrome caused by haploinsufficiency of PHIP (pleckstrin homology domain interacting protein, OMIM *612,870) and mainly characterized by developmental delay (DD), learning difficulties/intellectual disability (ID), behavioral abnormalities, facial dysmorphism and obesity (CHUJANS, OMIM #617991). So far, PHIP alterations appear to be a rare cause of DD/ID. âOmicsâ technologies such as exome sequencing or array analyses have led to the identification of distinct types of alterations of PHIP, including, truncating variants, missense substitutions, splice variants and large deletions encompassing portions of the gene or the entire gene as well as adjacent genomic regions. We collected clinical and genetic data of 23 individuals with PHIP-associated Chung-Jansen syndrome (CHUJANS) from all over Europe. Follow-up investigations (e.g. Sanger sequencing, qPCR or Fluorescence-in-situ-Hybridization) and segregation analysis showed either de novo occurrence or inheritance from an also (mildly) affected parent. In accordance with previously described patients, almost all individuals reported here show developmental delay (22/23), learning disability or ID (22/23), behavioral abnormalities (20/23), weight problems (13/23) and characteristic craniofacial features (i.e. large ears/earlobes, prominent eyebrows, anteverted nares and long philtrum (23/23)). To further investigate the facial gestalt of individuals with CHUJANS, we performed facial analysis using the GestaltMatcher approach. By this, we could establish that PHIP patients are indistinguishable based on the type of PHIP alteration (e.g. missense, loss-of-function, splice site) but show a significant difference to the average face of healthy individuals as well as to individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS, OMIM #176270) or with a CUL4B-alteration (Intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked, syndromic, Cabezas type, OMIM #300354). Our findings expand the mutational and clinical spectrum of CHUJANS. We discuss the molecular and clinical features in comparison to the published individuals. The fact that some variants were inherited from a mildly affected parent further illustrates the variability of the associated phenotype and outlines the importance of a thorough clinical evaluation combined with genetic analyses for accurate diagnosis and counselling
Observational evidences of Walker circulation change over the last 30Â years contrasting with GCM results
Teaching library - realization of a concept with many facets at the library for the medical faculty of Mannheim
Since 2004 the library for the medical faculty of Mannheim has been offering a course program consisting of both optional and mandatory information literacy training courses. Both types of classes are continuously being refined and additional e-learning resources developed in order to provide all main target groups at the "UniversitĂ€tsmedizin Mannheim" with customized offerings that meet their information needs and that are available flexibly in terms of time and space. This article describes the general framework, contents and development of the course program as well as the objectives of the underlying training concept.Seit 2004 gehören zum Schulungsangebot der Bibliothek der Medizinischen FakultĂ€t Mannheim neben fakultativen auch curricular verankerte Kurse zur Vermittlung von Informationskompetenz. Beide Kurstypen werden kontinuierlich weiterentwickelt und um E-Learning-Ressourcen ergĂ€nzt mit dem Ziel, maĂgeschneiderte, am jeweiligen Informationsbedarf orientierte und zeitlich sowie rĂ€umlich flexibel verfĂŒgbare Angebote fĂŒr alle zentralen Zielgruppen an der UniversitĂ€tsmedizin Mannheim bereitzustellen. Der Artikel beschreibt Rahmenbedingungen, Inhalte und Weiterentwicklung des Schulungsangebotes sowie die Ziele des zugrunde liegenden Schulungskonzeptes
NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE Moistening Processes in the Upper Troposphere by Deep Convection: A Case Study over the Tropical Indian Ocean
Assessment of Upper Tropospheric Water Vapor Monthly Variation in Reanalyses With NearâGlobal Homogenized 6.5âÎŒm Radiances From Geostationary Satellites
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