School, secondary education and youth: the massification of a system and the pursuit of meaning

Este artigo resulta de um exercício de problematização acerca do ensino médio, no contexto contemporâneo, considerando sua massificação e, muitas vezes, a falta de sentido a ela atribuída pelos jovens alunos. Tomamos como referência pesquisas empíricas realizadas a respeito do tema e, também, algumas obras importantes, cujo foco é a crise da autoridade, estendida para o professor e para a escola e a consequente tensão geracional que daí decorre. Num segundo momento, buscamos refletir a respeito dos diferentes sentidos que a escola, como organização social e institucional, vem sofrendo a partir das mudanças sociais, culturais e políticas. Consideramos seu processo de massificação e a falta de sentido que os estudantes jovens, muitas vezes, apresentam como uma das questões que se pode colocar como explicativa da tensão no ambiente escolar. Como resultados, destacamos que, mesmo com a universalização do acesso ao ensino, com a ampliação da oferta compulsória, com o aumento do período de escolarização e, também, com a gradativa perda da autoridade por parte do professor e com as questões geracionais tensionadas na escola, somos levados a pensar que estamos em vias de constituir novos sentidos para a escola e para o ensino médio. Estamos tomando a situação de crise como um ativador de outras e novas configurações escolares, permeadas de valor para professores e jovens alunos.This article is the result of an exercise of problematization about secondary education in today’s context, considering the massification of this education level and how it is often seen by young students as an education that lacks meaning. We build on empirical research on the subject, as well as on a few important works that focus on the crisis of authority and how it extends onto the school and teachers, with the resulting generational tension. Then, we reflect on the different meanings school has been associated with due to the social, cultural and political changes that have been occurring. We consider school’s massification process and students’ frequent perception of a lack of meaning in school as one of the questions that can explain the tension in the school environment. With regard to the outcomes of this situation, we point that in spite of the universalization of access to education, the expansion of education offer, the increase in the schooling period, and the progressive loss of authority by teachers combined with tensioned generational issues in school, we find reasons to believe we are at the verge of building new meanings for both school and secondary education. We view this crisis situation as an activator of other, new school configurations pervaded with value for both teachers and young students

School, secondary education and youth: the massification of a system and the pursuit of meaning

Este artigo resulta de um exercício de problematização acerca do ensino médio, no contexto contemporâneo, considerando sua massificação e, muitas vezes, a falta de sentido a ela atribuída pelos jovens alunos. Tomamos como referência pesquisas empíricas realizadas a respeito do tema e, também, algumas obras importantes, cujo foco é a crise da autoridade, estendida para o professor e para a escola e a consequente tensão geracional que daí decorre. Num segundo momento, buscamos refletir a respeito dos diferentes sentidos que a escola, como organização social e institucional, vem sofrendo a partir das mudanças sociais, culturais e políticas. Consideramos seu processo de massificação e a falta de sentido que os estudantes jovens, muitas vezes, apresentam como uma das questões que se pode colocar como explicativa da tensão no ambiente escolar. Como resultados, destacamos que, mesmo com a universalização do acesso ao ensino, com a ampliação da oferta compulsória, com o aumento do período de escolarização e, também, com a gradativa perda da autoridade por parte do professor e com as questões geracionais tensionadas na escola, somos levados a pensar que estamos em vias de constituir novos sentidos para a escola e para o ensino médio. Estamos tomando a situação de crise como um ativador de outras e novas configurações escolares, permeadas de valor para professores e jovens alunos.This article is the result of an exercise of problematization about secondary education in today’s context, considering the massification of this education level and how it is often seen by young students as an education that lacks meaning. We build on empirical research on the subject, as well as on a few important works that focus on the crisis of authority and how it extends onto the school and teachers, with the resulting generational tension. Then, we reflect on the different meanings school has been associated with due to the social, cultural and political changes that have been occurring. We consider school’s massification process and students’ frequent perception of a lack of meaning in school as one of the questions that can explain the tension in the school environment. With regard to the outcomes of this situation, we point that in spite of the universalization of access to education, the expansion of education offer, the increase in the schooling period, and the progressive loss of authority by teachers combined with tensioned generational issues in school, we find reasons to believe we are at the verge of building new meanings for both school and secondary education. We view this crisis situation as an activator of other, new school configurations pervaded with value for both teachers and young students

Entre o “gostar” de estar na escola e a invisibilidade juvenil: um estudo sobre jovens estudantes de Santa Maria, RS

This article deals with high school students from Santa Maria and some of their perspectives concerning the schooling process. Santa Maria, as a university city, interferes significantly in the school life of young people. We take as reference for this article the research project “Educação e Juventude: jovens das escolas públicas de Ensino Médio de Santa Maria” [Education and Youth: young people from public secondary schools in Santa Maria], carried out in 2009, whose data are derived from interviews with 370 young high school students, involving schools in urban and rural areas of Santa Maria. The methodology of the research consisted of two stages, a quantitative one, in which data were collected and analyzed, and a qualitative one, which used “dialogue groups” as a method, a technique used in other investigations with teenagers that favors dialogue and juvenile expression. At first the text presents a broad discussion about teenagers and schooling processes; further, some data and analysis relevant for this search. Finally, we focus on and discuss two points: the “enjoying” being at school from the perspective of youth culture and the invisibility of this social segment in the school.Este artigo coloca em pauta os jovens estudantes de Ensino Médio da cidade de Santa Maria e algumas de suas perspectivas relacionadas ao processo de escolarização. Santa Maria, pela sua condição de cidade universitária, interfere significativamente na vida escolar dos jovens. Tomamos como referência para esse texto a pesquisa “Educação e Juventude: jovens das escolas públicas de Ensino Médio de Santa Maria”, realizada ao longo do ano de 2009, cujos dados são resultantes de entrevistas com 370 jovens do Ensino Médio, envolvendo escolas situadas na zona urbana e rural de Santa Maria. A metodologia definida pela investigação constitui-se de duas etapas, uma quantitativa, em que os dados foram levantados e analisados, e outra qualitativa, a que utiliza como método “grupos de diálogo”, técnica utilizada em outras investigações com jovens e que privilegia o diálogo e a expressão juvenil. O texto apresenta, inicialmente, uma discussão ampla acerca da juventude e dos processos de escolarização e, posteriormente, os dados e as análises correspondentes à referida pesquisa. Por fim, focalizamos e debatemos dois pontos: o “gostar” de estar na escola na perspectiva dos jovens e a invisibilidade da cultura desse segmento social no âmbito escolar.Palavras-chave: Jovens; Ensino Médio; Invisibilidade juvenil

Construct validity of a figure rating scale for Brazilian adolescents

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Figure rating scales were developed as a tool to determine body dissatisfaction in women, men, and children. However, it lacks in the literature the validation of the scale for body silhouettes previously adapted. We aimed to obtain evidence for construct validity of a figure rating scale for Brazilian adolescents.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The study was carried out with adolescent students attending three public schools in an urban region of the municipality of Florianopolis in the State of Santa Catarina (SC). The sample comprised 232 10-19-year-old students, 106 of whom are boys and 126 girls, from the 5th "series" (i.e. year) of Primary School to the 3rd year of Secondary School. Data-gathering involved the application of an instrument containing 8 body figure drawings representing a range of children's and adolescents' body shapes, ranging from very slim (contour 1) to obese (contour 8). Weights and heights were also collected, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated later. BMI was analyzed as a continuous variable, using z-scores, and as a dichotomous categorical variable, representing a diagnosis of nutritional status (normal and overweight including obesity).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Results showed that both males and females with larger BMI z-scores chose larger body contours. Girls with higher BMI z-scores also show higher values of body image dissatisfaction.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We provided the first evidence of validity for a figure rating scale for Brazilian adolescents.</p

<b> Entre o “gostar” de estar na escola e a invisibilidade juvenil: um estudo sobre jovens estudantes de Santa Maria, RS</b>

This article deals with high school students from Santa Maria and some of their perspectives concerning the schooling process. Santa Maria, as a university city, interferes significantly in the school life of young people. We take as reference for this article the research project “Educação e Juventude: jovens das escolas públicas de Ensino Médio de Santa Maria” [Education and Youth: young people from public secondary schools in Santa Maria], carried out in 2009, whose data are derived from interviews with 370 young high school students, involving schools in urban and rural areas of Santa Maria. The methodology of the research consisted of two stages, a quantitative one, in which data were collected and analyzed, and a qualitative one, which used “dialogue groups” as a method, a technique used in other investigations with teenagers that favors dialogue and juvenile expression. At first the text presents a broad discussion about teenagers and schooling processes; further, some data and analysis relevant for this search. Finally, we focus on and discuss two points: the “enjoying” being at school from the perspective of youth culture and the invisibility of this social segment in the school.Este artigo coloca em pauta os jovens estudantes de Ensino Médio da cidade de Santa Maria e algumas de suas perspectivas relacionadas ao processo de escolarização. Santa Maria, pela sua condição de cidade universitária, interfere significativamente na vida escolar dos jovens. Tomamos como referência para esse texto a pesquisa “Educação e Juventude: jovens das escolas públicas de Ensino Médio de Santa Maria”, realizada ao longo do ano de 2009, cujos dados são resultantes de entrevistas com 370 jovens do Ensino Médio, envolvendo escolas situadas na zona urbana e rural de Santa Maria. A metodologia definida pela investigação constitui-se de duas etapas, uma quantitativa, em que os dados foram levantados e analisados, e outra qualitativa, a que utiliza como método “grupos de diálogo”, técnica utilizada em outras investigações com jovens e que privilegia o diálogo e a expressão juvenil. O texto apresenta, inicialmente, uma discussão ampla acerca da juventude e dos processos de escolarização e, posteriormente, os dados e as análises correspondentes à referida pesquisa. Por fim, focalizamos e debatemos dois pontos: o “gostar” de estar na escola na perspectiva dos jovens e a invisibilidade da cultura desse segmento social no âmbito escolar.Palavras-chave: Jovens; Ensino Médio; Invisibilidade juvenil

Nutritional strategies of physically active subjects with muscle dysmorphia

Abstract\ud \ud \ud \ud Background\ud \ud The aim of this study was to identify dietary strategies for physically active individuals with muscle dysmorphia based on a systematic literature review.\ud \ud \ud \ud Method\ud \ud References were included if the study population consisted of adults over 18 years old who were physically active in fitness centers. We identified reports through an electronic search ofScielo, Lilacs and Medline using the following keywords: muscle dysmorphia, vigorexia, distorted body image, and exercise. We found eight articles in Scielo, 17 in Medline and 12 in Lilacs. Among the total number of 37 articles, only 17 were eligible for inclusion in this review.\ud \ud \ud \ud Results\ud \ud The results indicated that the feeding strategies used by physically active individuals with muscle dysmorphia did not include planning or the supervision of a nutritionist. Diet included high protein and low fat foods and the ingestion of dietary and ergogenic supplements to reduce weight.\ud \ud \ud \ud Conclusion\ud \ud Physically active subjects with muscle dysmorphia could benefit from the help of nutritional professionals to evaluate energy estimation, guide the diet and its distribution in macronutrient and consider the principle of nutrition to functional recovery of the digestive process, promote liver detoxification, balance and guide to organic adequate intake of supplemental nutrients and other substances.We thank Professor Jason Saltsgiver for extensively reviewing English Grammar and Spelling