Cow-Calf Producers’ Willingness to Pay for Bulls Resistant to Horn Flies (Diptera: Muscidae)

Horn flies (Haematobia irritans (L.)) have long posed animal health and welfare concerns. Economic losses to the cattle and dairy industries from their blood-feeding behavior include decreased weight gain, loss in milk productivity, and transmission of bacteria causing mastitis in cattle. Horn fly management strategies are labor intensive and can become ineffective due to the horn fly’s ability to develop insecticide resistance. Research indicates that for some cattle herds, genetically similar animals consistently have fewer flies suggesting those animals are horn fly resistant (HFR) and that the trait is heritable; however, it is currently unknown if cattle producers value this trait. Tennessee and Texas cow-calf producers were surveyed to estimate their willingness to pay for HFR bulls and to identify the factors affecting their decision to adopt a HFR bull in their herds. Results indicate that Tennessee and Texas cow-calf producers were willing to pay a premium of 51% and 59% above the base price, respectively, for a HFR bull with the intent to control horn flies within their herd. Producer perceptions of horn fly intensities and the HFR trait, along with their pest management practices, were factors that affected Tennessee and Texas producer willingness to adopt a HFR bull. In Texas, demographics of the producers and their farms also had a role. Knowing producers are willing to pay a premium for the HFR bull indicates that producers value the HFR trait and warrants additional research on the development, implementation, and assessment of the trait

2017 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations Summary

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation has initiated a near-continuous review of cardiopulmonary resuscitation science that replaces the previous 5-year cyclic batch-and-queue approach process. This is the first of an annual series of International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations summary articles that will include the cardiopulmonary resuscitation science reviewed by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation in the previous year. The review this year includes 5 basic life support and 1 paediatric Consensuses on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. Each of these includes a summary of the science and its quality based on Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria and treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task force members are provided in Values and Preferences sections. Finally, the task force members have pri-oritised and listed the top 3 knowledge gaps for each population, intervention, comparator, and outcome question. (C) 2017 European Resuscitation Council and American Heart Association, Inc. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

2019 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation has initiated a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed, published cardiopulmonary resuscitation science. This is the third annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. It addresses the most recent published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Task Force science experts. This summary addresses the role of cardiac arrest centers and dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the role of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults and children, vasopressors in adults, advanced airway interventions in adults and children, targeted temperature management in children after cardiac arrest, initial oxygen concentration during resuscitation of newborns, and interventions for presyncope by first aid providers. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the certainty of the evidence on the basis of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence to Decision Framework Highlights sections. The task forces also listed priority knowledge gaps for further research

Cow-Calf Producers’ Willingness to Pay for Bulls Resistant to Horn Flies (Diptera: Muscidae)

Horn flies (Haematobia irritans (L.)) have long posed animal health and welfare concerns. Economic losses to the cattle and dairy industries from their blood-feeding behavior include decreased weight gain, loss in milk productivity, and transmission of bacteria causing mastitis in cattle. Horn fly management strategies are labor intensive and can become ineffective due to the horn fly’s ability to develop insecticide resistance. Research indicates that for some cattle herds, genetically similar animals consistently have fewer flies suggesting those animals are horn fly resistant (HFR) and that the trait is heritable; however, it is currently unknown if cattle producers value this trait. Tennessee and Texas cow-calf producers were surveyed to estimate their willingness to pay for HFR bulls and to identify the factors affecting their decision to adopt a HFR bull in their herds. Results indicate that Tennessee and Texas cow-calf producers were willing to pay a premium of 51% and 59% above the base price, respectively, for a HFR bull with the intent to control horn flies within their herd. Producer perceptions of horn fly intensities and the HFR trait, along with their pest management practices, were factors that affected Tennessee and Texas producer willingness to adopt a HFR bull. In Texas, demographics of the producers and their farms also had a role. Knowing producers are willing to pay a premium for the HFR bull indicates that producers value the HFR trait and warrants additional research on the development, implementation, and assessment of the trait

Texas Familes in Transition/Surviving Without TANF: An Analysis of Families Diverted From or Leaving TANF

In the post-welfare-reform era, many states have begun conducting research to determine how the new policies affect the families they serve. In particular, states need to understand if former welfare recipients are employed or receiving other types of economic supports, how many have returned to welfare, and reasons for families’ success or failure. This report examines research questions for two populations of low-income families: those diverted from TANF prior to enrollment and those who have left TANF. Among ‘diverted’ families, three types are being studied: families redirected prior to TANF application, those denied TANF for non-financial reasons, and approved TANF applicants opting to receive a one-time payment in lieu of TANF benefits.Texas Department of Human ServicesRay Marshall Center for the Study of Human Resource

Texas Familes in Transition/Surviving Without TANF: A Preliminary Analysis of Families Diverted From or Leaving TANF

The purpose of this study is to research the economic and non-economic outcomes of Texans who were redirected or denied Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) services for non-financial reasons, those who elected to receive a lump-sum payment in lieu of TANF, and those families who left TANF. Research questions will address the following topics: demographics of families diverted from or leaving TANF; employment and other economic supports; utilization of government programs; applicants’ attitudes toward the diversion/application process; hardships faced by families; and factors influencing TANF exits, TANF returns, and employment.U.S. Department of Health and Human ServicesRay Marshall Center for the Study of Human Resource

Central Texas High School Graduate Data Center: Year One Final Report

The Student Futures Project—formerly known as Creating a Central Texas High School Data Center—is a research partnership of the Ray Marshall Center, Greater Austin Chamber of Commerce, Skillpoint Alliance, and a growing number of Central Texas independent school districts (ISDs). The project is documenting and analyzing the progress of Central Texas high school students as they move onto colleges and careers. It relies on a combination of student surveys and linked administrative records to improve feedback and policy and program alignment for Central Texas ISDs in preparing students for the demands of adulthood and for success in the workplace. The purpose of the Student Futures Project is two-fold: 1) To provide ISDs, postsecondary institutions, and employers with comprehensive, longitudinal research on what high school students are doing after graduation, why they are making these decisions, and how a variety of educational, personal, and financial factors are related to their success in higher education and the workforce; and 2) To offer workshops, seminars, and applied research on best practices and applied research that will assist ISDs, the Education Service Center, and postsecondary institutions to increase the number of regional youth who obtain postsecondary academic and workforce credentials.Greater Austin Chanber of Commerce and the Texas Education AgencyRay Marshall Center for the Study of Human Resource

Cow-calf Producers' Willingness to Pay for Bulls Resistant to Horn Flies, Haematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae)

In this publication, we report the survey results of cow-calf producers in Tennessee and Texas regarding their willingness to adopt a hypothetical HFR bull into their herds. This publication is adapted from McKay et al. (2019). In reporting these results, the objective is to inform cow-calf producers and seed stock producers of the factors that influence a producer’s decision to adopt a HFR bull. Thus, seedstock producers can use this information to determine if it is worth breeding for the HFR characteristic, while commercial cow-calf producers can use the information to make informed purchasing decisions, if the trait becomes available

Right heart failure in different left ventricular assist devices: single-center experience

Background: Right heart failure (RHF) following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation increases morbidity and mortality for those who develop this complication. The purpose of this study was to assess the differences in incidence of RHF and outcomes between 2 types of continuous-flow LVADs at a single center. Methods: From January 2012 through June 2016, 184 patients were implanted with a continuous-flow LVAD (161 patients with the HeartMate II and 23 patients with the HeartWare device) either as a bridge to transplant or as destination therapy. Preoperative demographics, medical history, laboratory values, hemodynamics, and device type were analyzed to determine the variables associated with RHF and mortality. Results: Preoperative variables between the 2 groups were homogeneous. Most patients were Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support profile 1 or 2 (92%) and New York Heart Association class IV (81%). More patients in the HeartMate II group had the indication of destination therapy (54% vs 30%), while more patients in the HeartWare group were implanted as bridge to transplant (70% vs 46%). RHF occurred in 57% of HeartWare patients compared to 16% of patients who received the HeartMate II (P=0.0001). After propensity score analysis, patients receiving the HeartWare device had increased odds for RHF (P=0.0013) and renal failure requiring dialysis (P=0.0135). The HeartMate II patient survival rate exceeded the HeartWare patient survival rate at 1 year (82.1% vs 67.2%) and at 2 years (74.6% vs 61.7%), but this difference did not achieve statistical significance (log-rank P=0.087). Conclusion: These results indicate that device type may affect RHF incidence and mortality. Studies at other centers are needed to replicate these findings