2,139 research outputs found
Gate-tunable split Kondo effect in a carbon nanotube quantum dot
We show a detailed investigation of the split Kondo effect in a carbon
nanotube quantum dot with multiple gate electrodes. It is found that the
splitting decreases for increasing magnetic field, to result in a recovered
zero-bias Kondo resonance at finite magnetic field. Surprisingly, in the same
charge state, but under different gate-configurations, the splitting does not
disappear for any value of the magnetic field, but we observe an avoided
crossing of two high-conductance lines. We think that our observations can be
understood in terms of a two-impurity Kondo effect with two spins coupled
antiferromagnetically. The exchange coupling between the two spins can be
influenced by a local gate, and the non-recovery of the Kondo resonance for
certain gate configurations is explained by the existence of a small
antisymmetric contribution to the exchange interaction between the two spins.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, published versio
Fork stamping of pristine carbon nanotubes onto ferromagnetic contacts for spin-valve devices
We present a fabrication scheme called 'fork stamping' optimized for the dry
transfer of individual pristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs) onto ferromagnetic
contact electrodes fabricated by standard lithography. We demonstrate the
detailed recipes for a residue-free device fabrication and in-situ current
annealing on suspended CNT spin-valve devices with ferromagnetic Permalloy (Py)
contacts and report preliminary transport characterization and
magnetoresistance experiments at cryogenic temperatures. This scheme can
directly be used to implement more complex device structures, including
multiple gates or superconducting contacts.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, submitted to IWEPNM 2015 conference proceedings
(physica status solidi (b)
Magnetoresistence engineering and singlet/triplet switching in InAs nanowire quantum dots with ferromagnetic sidegates
We present magnetoresistance (MR) experiments on an InAs nanowire quantum dot
device with two ferromagnetic sidegates (FSGs) in a split-gate geometry. The
wire segment can be electrically tuned to a single dot or to a double dot
regime using the FSGs and a backgate. In both regimes we find a strong MR and a
sharp MR switching of up to 25\% at the field at which the magnetizations of
the FSGs are inverted by the external field. The sign and amplitude of the MR
and the MR switching can both be tuned electrically by the FSGs. In a double
dot regime close to pinch-off we find {\it two} sharp transitions in the
conductance, reminiscent of tunneling MR (TMR) between two ferromagnetic
contacts, with one transition near zero and one at the FSG switching fields.
These surprisingly rich characteristics we explain in several simple resonant
tunneling models. For example, the TMR-like MR can be understood as a
stray-field controlled transition between singlet and a triplet double dot
states. Such local magnetic fields are the key elements in various proposals to
engineer novel states of matter and may be used for testing electron spin-based
Bell inequalities.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
Shot noise of a quantum dot measured with GHz stub impedance matching
The demand for a fast high-frequency read-out of high impedance devices, such
as quantum dots, necessitates impedance matching. Here we use a resonant
impedance matching circuit (a stub tuner) realized by on-chip superconducting
transmission lines to measure the electronic shot noise of a carbon nanotube
quantum dot at a frequency close to 3 GHz in an efficient way. As compared to
wide-band detection without impedance matching, the signal to noise ratio can
be enhanced by as much as a factor of 800 for a device with an impedance of 100
k. The advantage of the stub resonator concept is the ease with which
the response of the circuit can be predicted, designed and fabricated. We
further demonstrate that all relevant matching circuit parameters can reliably
be deduced from power reflectance measurements and then used to predict the
power transmission function from the device through the circuit. The shot noise
of the carbon nanotube quantum dot in the Coulomb blockade regime shows an
oscillating suppression below the Schottky value of , as well an
enhancement in specific regions.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, supplementar
Multi-wall carbon nanotubes as quantum dots
We have measured the differential conductance dI/dV of individual multi-wall
carbon nanotubes (MWNT) of different lengths. A cross-over from wire-like (long
tubes) to dot-like (short tubes) behavior is observed. dI/dV is dominated by
random conductance fluctuations (UCF) in long MWNT devices (L=2...7 ),
while Coulomb blockade and energy level quantization are observed in short ones
(L=300 nm). The electron levels of short MWNT dots are nearly four-fold
degenerate (including spin) and their evolution in magnetic field (Zeeman
splitting) agrees with a g-factor of 2. In zero magnetic field the sequential
filling of states evolves with spin S according to S=0 -> 1/2 -> 0... In
addition, a Kondo enhancement of the conductance is observed when the number of
electrons on the tube is odd.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure
Tuning the Josephson current in carbon nanotubes with the Kondo effect
We investigate the Josephson current in a single wall carbon nanotube
connected to superconducting electrodes. We focus on the parameter regime in
which transport is dominated by Kondo physics. A sizeable supercurrent is
observed for odd number of electrons on the nanotube when the Kondo temperature
Tk is sufficiently large compared to the superconducting gap. On the other hand
when, in the center of the Kondo ridge, Tk is slightly smaller than the
superconducting gap, the supercurrent is found to be extremely sensitive to the
gate voltage Vbg. Whereas it is largely suppressed at the center of the ridge,
it shows a sharp increase at a finite value of Vbg. This increase can be
attributed to a doublet-singlet transition of the spin state of the nanotube
island leading to a pi shift in the current phase relation. This transition is
very sensitive to the asymmetry of the contacts and is in good agreement with
theoretical predictions.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Local electrical tuning of the nonlocal signals in a Cooper pair splitter
A Cooper pair splitter consists of a central superconducting contact, S, from
which electrons are injected into two parallel, spatially separated quantum
dots (QDs). This geometry and electron interactions can lead to correlated
electrical currents due to the spatial separation of spin-singlet Cooper pairs
from S. We present experiments on such a device with a series of bottom gates,
which allows for spatially resolved tuning of the tunnel couplings between the
QDs and the electrical contacts and between the QDs. Our main findings are
gate-induced transitions between positive conductance correlation in the QDs
due to Cooper pair splitting and negative correlations due to QD dynamics.
Using a semi-classical rate equation model we show that the experimental
findings are consistent with in-situ electrical tuning of the local and
nonlocal quantum transport processes. In particular, we illustrate how the
competition between Cooper pair splitting and local processes can be optimized
in such hybrid nanostructures.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, 2 table
Electrolyte gate dependent high-frequency measurement of graphene field-effect transistor for sensing applications
We performed radiofrequency (RF) reflectometry measurements at 2.4 GHz on
electrolyte-gated graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) utilizing a tunable
stub-matching circuit for impedance matching. We demonstrate that the gate
voltage dependent RF resistivity of graphene can be deduced even in the
presence of the electrolyte which is in direct contact with the graphene layer.
The RF resistivity is found to be consistent with its DC counterpart in the
full gate voltage range. Furthermore, in order to access the potential of
high-frequency sensing for applications, we demonstrate time-dependent gating
in solution with nanosecond time resolution.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure
Strong Pinning and Plastic Deformations of the Vortex Lattice
We investigate numerically the dynamically generated plastic deformations of
a 3D vortex lattice (VL) driven through a disorder potential with isolated,
strong pinning centers (point-like or extended along the field direction). We
find that the VL exhibits a very peculiar dynamical behavior in the plastic
flow regime, in particular, topological excitations consisting of three or four
entangled vortices are formed. We determine the critical current density
and the activation energy for depinning in the presence of a finite
density of strong pinning centers.Comment: 12 pages, TeX type, Postscript figure
Magnetic field tuning and quantum interference in a Cooper pair splitter
Cooper pair splitting (CPS) is a process in which the electrons of naturally
occurring spin-singlet pairs in a superconductor are spatially separated using
two quantum dots. Here we investigate the evolution of the conductance
correlations in an InAs CPS device in the presence of an external magnetic
field. In our experiments the gate dependence of the signal that depends on
both quantum dots continuously evolves from a slightly asymmetric Lorentzian to
a strongly asymmetric Fano-type resonance with increasing field. These
experiments can be understood in a simple three - site model, which shows that
the nonlocal CPS leads to symmetric line shapes, while the local transport
processes can exhibit an asymmetric shape due to quantum interference. These
findings demonstrate that the electrons from a Cooper pair splitter can
propagate coherently after their emission from the superconductor and how a
magnetic field can be used to optimize the performance of a CPS device. In
addition, the model calculations suggest that the estimate of the CPS
efficiency in the experiments is a lower bound for the actual efficiency.Comment: 5 pages + 4 pages supplementary informatio
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