Sparsity of p-divisible unramified liftings for subvarieties of abelian varieties with trivial stabilizer

By means of the theory of strongly semistable sheaves and of the theory of the Greenberg transform, we generalize to higher dimensions a result on the sparsity of p-divisible unramified liftings which played a crucial role in Raynaud's proof of the Manin-Mumford conjecture for curves. We also give a bound for the number of irreducible components of the first critical scheme of subvarieties of an abelian variety which are complete intersections.Comment: 19 page

L’art. 51 della Costituzione e l’accesso delle donne ai pubblici uffici e al lavoro nel settore pubblico = Article. 51 of the Constitution and women's access to public offices and work in the public sector. WP C.S.D.L.E. “Massimo D’Antona”.IT – 406/2019

The origin of art.51 Italian Constitution, establishing the equality between men and women in the access to public offices, is very interesting because of the exclusion of the women existing in the past. The historical analysis show how difficult was pass this article in the Constituent Assembly, particularly with reference to the access of women to the magistracy because of the bias against their capacity. Focusing the following historical carrying out of the principle, the essay point out many other difficulties in the pursuing this aim

Analysis of existing tsunami scenario databases for optimal design and efficient real-time event matching

Pre-computed tsunami scenario databases constitute a traditional basis to the production of tsunami forecasts in real time, achieved through a combination of properly selected Green’s functions-like objects. The considered case-study database contains water elevation fields and waveform signals produced by an arrangement of evenly-spaced elementary seismic sources, covering fault areas relevant in determining the Portuguese tsunami hazard. This work proposes a novel real-time processing for the tsunami forecast production, aiming at the accuracy given by traditional methods but with less time cost. The study has been conducted on the Gorringe Bank fault (GBF), but has a general validity. First, the GBF database is analysed in detail, seeking for remarkable properties of the seismic sources, in terms of frequency content, cross-correlation and relative differences of the fields and waveform signals. Then, a reference forecast for a seismic event placed on the GBF is given, by using all the traditionally available subfaults. Furthermore, a novel processing algorithm is defined to produce approximate forecasts, through a strategic exploitation of the information obtainable by each of the seismic sources, taken in minor number. A further focus on sensible locations is provided. Remarkable results are obtained in terms of physical properties of the seismic sources and time-gain for the forecast production. Seismic sources at depth produce longwave dominated signals, allowing for an optimisation of the database content, in terms of sources required to properly represent seismogenic areas at certain depths. In terms of time cost, an overall improvement is obtained concerning the forecast production, since the proposed strategy gives highly accurate forecasts, using half of the seismic sources used by traditional forecasting methods, which reduces the required accesses to the database

Combining gravimetry, passive seismology and rock physical properties to constrain intra-crustal structures : the Ivrea Geophysical Body and the Gotthard Base Tunnel

The structure of the Alpine orogen is complex, and many areas present an imaging gap between regional geophysical and local geological information. In the frame of this thesis, I have performed joint investigations, collecting new gravity and passive seismic data and combining them with surface geological observations and rock sample laboratory analysis, to provide higher-resolution images and models of an intra-crustal and a shallow Alpine structure. I targeted the Ivrea Geophysical Body (IGB) and the Gotthard Base Tunnel (GBT), as they provide ideal areas for testing the resolution limits of passive geophysical investigations and addressing pending structural questions as well. The IGB, considered as a sliver of Adriatic lower lithosphere, located at unusually shallow depths along the inner arc of the Western Alps, is associated with well-known density and seismic velocity anomalies. Aiming at refining the IGB structure and its relationship with the geological Ivrea-Verbano Zone (IVZ) outcropping at the surface, I collected 207 new relative gravity data and I installed 10 broadband seismic stations which operated for 27 months. In a first, 3D gravity study, I compiled a surface rock- density map and used it to define a density-corrected gravity anomaly named Niggli anomaly. Modelling the Niggli anomaly allowed to address more properly the IGB structure at depth, the latter being modelled as a 3D, single density-contrast interface beneath the entire IVZ. From this, I obtained 400 ± 100 kg · m−3 as optimal density contrast, and a ∼ 20 km-wide protruding structure reaching as shallow as 1 ± 1 km depth below sea level. Petrological considerations allow to suggest ultramafic and mantle peridotite rocks as most likely components for the IGB. In a second, refined 2D study, the seismic data was also included to constrain the IGB model along the Val Sesia cross-section. A joint inversion was designed, exploiting seismic receiver functions and gravity anomalies, following an iterative inversion scheme to constrain the geometry and physical properties of the IGB. An optimal density contrast between 200 and 400 kg · m−3 was obtained, with shallow segments 1-3 km depth below sea level, and in agreement with rock physical properties indicated by previous studies. For the final study, along the GBT, I acquired 80 new relative gravity data points at the surface and used 77 points measured in the tunnel to test and constrain the geological model established during tunnel construction. To this end, I developed an iterative scheme with fully 3D, density-dependent gravity terrain-adaptation corrections, to then consistently compare the observations with the synthetics from the 2D geology-based density model. Density data models for various lithologies were compiled from the SAPHYR rock physics database. The results show that in situ rock densities provide a better fit to the observed gravity data, and that the geological structure of GBT proposed earlier can be reasonably fit with surface and tunnel geophysical data. -- La structure de la chaîne alpine est complexe, et de nombreuses zones présentent une lacune de résolution entre les informations géophysiques à l’échelle régionale et les informations géologiques à l’échelle locale. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, j’ai récolté et analysé de nouvelles données gravimétriques et de sismique passive. Les données ont été analysées en combinaison avec des observations géologiques de surface et des analyses de laboratoire d’échantillons de roches, pour fournir des images et des modèles à plus haute résolution de la croûte terrestre alpine, à faible et moyenne profondeur. Je me suis concentré sur le Corps d’Ivrée (IGB) et sur le Tunnel de Base du Saint-Gothard (GBT), car ils représentent des zones idéales pour tester les limites de résolution de la géophysique passive, et pour répondre à des questions structurales d’intérêt. L’IGB, considéré comme une écaille de lithosphère inférieure de la plaque Adriatique situé à faible profondeur le long de l’arc intérieur des Alpes occidentales, est associé à des fortes anomalies de densité et de vitesse sismique. Dans le but d’affiner la structure de l’IGB et sa relation avec la zone géologique d’Ivrea-Verbano (IVZ), j’ai mesuré 207 nouveaux points gravimétriques, et j’ai installé 10 stations sismologiques large-bande pour 27 mois. Dans une première étude gravimétrique 3D, j’ai compilé une carte de densité de roches de surface, pour ensuite l’utiliser à définir une anomalie gravimétrique corrigée, nommé anomalie gravimétrique de Niggli. La modélisation de cette anomalie a permis de mieux décrire la structure de l’IGB en profondeur, cette dernière étant modélisée comme une interface de contraste de densité en 3D sous l’IVZ. A l’issue de cette modélisation, j’ai obtenu un contraste de densité optimal de 400 ± 100 kg ·m−3, et une structure incrustée de ∼ 20 km de large, à une profondeur aussi faible que 1 ± 1 km sous le niveau de la mer. Des considérations pétrologiques permettent de suggérer des roches ultra-mafiques et de péridotite du manteau comme les composantes les plus probables de l’IGB. Dans une deuxième étude en 2D, les données sismiques ont été incluses pour affiner le modèle de l’IGB le long du profil Val Sesia. Une inversion conjointe des données sismiques et gravimétriques a été conçue, suivant une approche itérative pour contraindre la géométrie et les propriétés physiques de l’IGB. Un contraste de densité optimal entre 200 et 400 kg · m−3 a été obtenu, avec des segments à faible profondeur atteignant 1 à 3 km sous le niveau de la mer, et en accord avec les propriétés physiques des roches indiquées par des études précédentes. Pour l’étude finale, le long du GBT, j’ai collecté 80 nouveaux points gravimétriques, et utilisé 77 points mesurés dans le tunnel pour tester et contraindre le modèle géologique établi lors de la construction du tunnel. À cette fin, j’ai développé un schéma itératif avec des corrections et adaptations gravimétrique de terrain entièrement en 3D et en fonction de la densité, pour ensuite comparer de manière cohérente les observations avec les résultats provenant du modèle de densité 2D basé sur la géologie. Des modèles de densité pour diverses lithologies ont été compilés à partir du catalogue de physique de roches SAPHYR. Les résultats montrent que les densités de roche in situ expliquent mieux les données gravimétriques, et que la structure du modèle géologique du GBT proposé précédemment peut être raisonnablement décrite avec des données géophysique de surface et du tunnel

Report on LPG infrastructure impact at the WUI microscale

Preprin

Parasitism and host behavior in the context of a changing environment: The Holocene record of the commercially important bivalve Chamelea gallina, northern Italy

Rapid warming and sea-level rise are predicted to be major driving forces in shaping coastal ecosystems and their services in the next century. Though forecasts of the multiple and complex effects of temperature and sea-level rise on ecological interactions suggest negative impacts on parasite diversity, the effect of long term climate change on parasite dynamics is complex and unresolved. Digenean trematodes are complex life cycle parasites that can induce characteristic traces on their bivalve hosts and hold potential to infer parasite host-dynamics through time and space. Previous work has demonstrated a consistent association between sea level rise and increasing prevalence of trematode traces, but a number of fundamental questions remain unanswered about this paleoecological proxy. Here we examine the relationships of host size, shape, and functional morphology with parasite prevalence and abundance, how parasites are distributed across hosts, and how all of these relationships vary through time, using the bivalve Chamelea gallina from a Holocene shallow marine succession in the Po coastal plain. Trematode prevalence increased and decreased in association with the transition from a wave-influenced estuarine system to a wave-dominated deltaic setting. Prevalence and abundance of trematode pits are associated with large host body size, reflecting ontogenetic accumulation of parasites, but temporal trends in median host size do not explain prevalence trends. Ongoing work will test the roles of temperature, salinity, and nutrient availability on trematode parasitism. Parasitized bivalves in one sample were shallower burrowers than their non-parasitized counterparts, suggesting that hosts of trematodes can be more susceptible to their predators, though the effect is ephemeral. Like in living parasite-host systems, trematode-induced malformations are strongly aggregated among hosts, wherein most host individuals harbor very few parasites while a few hosts have many. We interpret trace aggregation to support the assumption that traces are a reliable proxy for trematode parasitism in the fossil record

Main specifications of CFD codes for WUIVIEW activities

CFD simulations will be the core activity of the WUVIEW performance based fire safety analysis. The purpose of this document is to provide WUIVIEW partners with a general overview of the CFD codes to be used in the Action. The general simulation framework is described, particularly highlighting data inputs and scenario description requirements, to be developed in subsequent WUIVIEW WPs. This TN provides the technical foundations and main specifications of the databases to be designed within the WUIVIEW working program (ongoing action by UPC).Postprint (updated version

WUI state of the art and regulatory needs in Europe

The document summarizes the state of the art of the regulationsrelevant to WUI in Europe, providing an organized set of references to the specific regulatory documents. It is focused on three main relevant topics: i) fuel-reduced fringes; ii) Building codes and standards; iii)Wildland-Industrial Interface. Current regulations are analysed and compared, leading to the identification of important needs and limitations of the current European regulatory frameworkPreprin