76 research outputs found
Cachaça distillation investigated on the basis of model systems
This work reports experimental tests using commercial spirits that were diluted and had their initial composition modified in order to better measure the distillation behavior of selected minor compounds of importance for the quality of alcoholic beverages. Such compounds were added to the commercial cachaça and the corresponding model wine, obtained after the spirits' dilution, was distilled. In this way a more precise distillation profile could be determined for those minor compounds. The alembic heating was performed by electrical resistance and the corresponding heat transfer coefficient was determined by analyzing the thermal behavior of the still during the distillations. A simulation algorithm was developed, including the mass and enthalpy balances as well as the heat transfer flux to the boiling wine. Good agreement between experimental and simulated results was obtained for the distillate rate, alcoholic graduation, temperature and most minor component profiles.429440Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq
Identification and reconstruction of low-energy electrons in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector
Measurements of electrons from interactions are crucial for the Deep
Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) neutrino oscillation program, as well as
searches for physics beyond the standard model, supernova neutrino detection,
and solar neutrino measurements. This article describes the selection and
reconstruction of low-energy (Michel) electrons in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector.
ProtoDUNE-SP is one of the prototypes for the DUNE far detector, built and
operated at CERN as a charged particle test beam experiment. A sample of
low-energy electrons produced by the decay of cosmic muons is selected with a
purity of 95%. This sample is used to calibrate the low-energy electron energy
scale with two techniques. An electron energy calibration based on a cosmic ray
muon sample uses calibration constants derived from measured and simulated
cosmic ray muon events. Another calibration technique makes use of the
theoretically well-understood Michel electron energy spectrum to convert
reconstructed charge to electron energy. In addition, the effects of detector
response to low-energy electron energy scale and its resolution including
readout electronics threshold effects are quantified. Finally, the relation
between the theoretical and reconstructed low-energy electron energy spectrum
is derived and the energy resolution is characterized. The low-energy electron
selection presented here accounts for about 75% of the total electron deposited
energy. After the addition of lost energy using a Monte Carlo simulation, the
energy resolution improves from about 40% to 25% at 50~MeV. These results are
used to validate the expected capabilities of the DUNE far detector to
reconstruct low-energy electrons.Comment: 19 pages, 10 figure
Rejecting cosmic background for exclusive neutrino interaction studies with Liquid Argon TPCs; a case study with the MicroBooNE detector
Cosmic ray (CR) interactions can be a challenging source of background for
neutrino oscillation and cross-section measurements in surface detectors. We
present methods for CR rejection in measurements of charged-current
quasielastic-like (CCQE-like) neutrino interactions, with a muon and a proton
in the final state, measured using liquid argon time projection chambers
(LArTPCs). Using a sample of cosmic data collected with the MicroBooNE
detector, mixed with simulated neutrino scattering events, a set of event
selection criteria is developed that produces an event sample with minimal
contribution from CR background. Depending on the selection criteria used a
purity between 50% and 80% can be achieved with a signal selection efficiency
between 50% and 25%, with higher purity coming at the expense of lower
efficiency. While using a specific dataset from the MicroBooNE detector and
selection criteria values optimized for CCQE-like events, the concepts
presented here are generic and can be adapted for various studies of exclusive
{\nu}{\mu} interactions in LArTPCs.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, 1 tabl
First Measurement of Charged-Current Production on Argon with a LArTPC
We report the first measurement of the flux-integrated cross section of
charged-current single production on argon. This
measurement is performed with the MicroBooNE detector, an 85 ton active mass
liquid argon time projection chamber exposed to the Booster Neutrino Beam at
Fermilab. This result on argon is compared to past measurements on lighter
nuclei to investigate the scaling assumptions used in models of the production
and transport of pions in neutrino-nucleus scattering. The techniques used are
an important demonstration of the successful reconstruction and analysis of
neutrino interactions producing electromagnetic final states using a liquid
argon time projection chamber operating at the earth's surface
New CC0\pi\ GENIE Model Tune for MicroBooNE
A novel tune has been made for the MicroBooNE experiment. The fit uses 4 new
parameters within the GENIE v3.0.6 Monte Carlo program. Charged current
pionless data from the T2K experiment was used. New uncertainties were
obtained. These results will be used in future MicroBooNE analyses.Comment: 24 pages, 14 figure
Impact of cross-section uncertainties on supernova neutrino spectral parameter fitting in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment
A primary goal of the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is
to measure the MeV neutrinos produced by a Galactic
core-collapse supernova if one should occur during the lifetime of the
experiment. The liquid-argon-based detectors planned for DUNE are expected to
be uniquely sensitive to the component of the supernova flux, enabling
a wide variety of physics and astrophysics measurements. A key requirement for
a correct interpretation of these measurements is a good understanding of the
energy-dependent total cross section for charged-current
absorption on argon. In the context of a simulated extraction of
supernova spectral parameters from a toy analysis, we investigate the
impact of modeling uncertainties on DUNE's supernova neutrino
physics sensitivity for the first time. We find that the currently large
theoretical uncertainties on must be substantially reduced
before the flux parameters can be extracted reliably: in the absence of
external constraints, a measurement of the integrated neutrino luminosity with
less than 10\% bias with DUNE requires to be known to about 5%.
The neutrino spectral shape parameters can be known to better than 10% for a
20% uncertainty on the cross-section scale, although they will be sensitive to
uncertainties on the shape of . A direct measurement of
low-energy -argon scattering would be invaluable for improving the
theoretical precision to the needed level.Comment: 25 pages, 21 figure
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