4 research outputs found
Liver fluke in Irish sheep: prevalence and associations with management practices and co-infection with rumen fluke
peer-reviewedBackground: The present study aimed to identify the national prevalence of Fasciola hepatica in Irish sheep and
to conduct a risk analysis assessment based on management and treatment practices in participating focks. Also,
co-infection with rumen fuke was quantifed and its association with liver fuke and management practices was
assessed.
Methods: A total of 305 sheep focks were selected ensuring even national representation of the sheep population.
Participating farms were asked to complete a survey questionnaire on farm management practices and submit faecal
samples during the winter of 2014â2015. Pooled faecal samples were analysed for the presence of F. hepatica and coinfection
with rumen fuke. Apparent and true prevalence were calculated, additionally, the rate of co-infection with
rumen fuke was also obtained. Correlation and regression analyses were used for assessing associations between
management practices, liver fuke infection and co-infection with rumen fuke.
Results: The national true prevalence of F. hepatica was 50.4% (n=305). Regional prevalence varied from 41% in the
east to 52% in the south. Co-infection with rumen fuke was observed in 40% of the studied population and correâ
lated with increased F. hepatica egg counts (OR=2.9; Pâ€0.001). Predominant breeds were Sufolk, Texel and Horned
Mountain breeds. Beef cattle were the most frequent type of other livestock present on farms and mixed species
grazing was frequently reported (73%). More than half of the focks reported a mid-to-late lambing period (MarchApril).
Use of mountain land for grazing was of 32%. Flukicides were most commonly used twice over the autumnwinter
period. Regression analyses highlighted signifcant association of F. hepatica status, with the presence of other
livestock on farm, frequency of fukicides used during the winter and clinical presentation of liver fuke. A signifcant
increase in eggs per gram of faeces was observed in Charollais sheep in comparison with all other breeds. Co-infecâ
tion with F. hepatica and Calicophoron daubneyi was also signifcantly associated with the presence of other livestock
on the farm, type of fukicide used and clinical fasciolosis.
Conclusions: The present study provides up-to-date information on the prevalence of F. hepatica in Irish sheep and
adds insight to the epidemiology of the disease. These fndings will be useful for designing new holistic control measâ
ures for F. hepatica infection