33 research outputs found
Career Adapt-Abilities ScaleâShort Form (CAAS-SF) : Construction and Validation
The Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS; Savickas & Porfeli, 2012) has become one of the most widely used questionnaires to assess career adaptability. To facilitate the integration of this instrument into large surveys, in varied settings with different populations, the aim of this article was to develop a briefer version consisting of 12 items, the CAAS-SF. A sample of 2,800 French and German-speaking adults living in Switzerland (Mage = 41.2, SD = 9.4) completed the 24-item version of the CAAS. On a first random subsample, item-reduction using principal component analyses highlighted a four-factor solution corresponding to the original CAAS. Confirmatory factor analyses, conducted on a second random subsample, confirmed the hierarchical factor structure of the short version. The CAAS-SF reached measurement equivalence across linguistic and gender groups. Furthermore, the 12 and 24-item versions were strongly associated. Overall, the results supported the CAAS-SF as pertinent and economical alternative to the 24-item version
Re-viewing scientific models of career as social constructions
This article discusses the core concepts used in the science of vocational psychology during the 20th century and re-views their meaning relative to the career concerns of workers in the 21st century. Vocational psychologists and career counselors may better assist individuals prepare for and succeed in the boundaryless organizations of the global economy if they supplement the meaning of modern concepts grounded in logical positivism with postmodern constructs grounded in social constructionism.Este artigo discute os conceitos fundamentais da psicologia vocacional do século xx e retoma os seus significados à luz das preocupaçÔes dos trabalhadores do século xix. Para integrar as mudanças impostas pela economia mundial, os psicólogos vocacionais e conselheiros de carreira, serão mais eficazes no apoio aos seus clientes se os prepararem para estar aptos a trabalhar (e a ter sucesso) em organizaçÔes que não se circunscrevem aos limites do mundo do trabalho tal como este era concebido no século transacto. Para tal, propÔe-se que se suplementem os conceitos prevalecentes, sustentadas pelo positivismo lógico, com constructos pós-modernos baseados no construcionismo social
Measuring specialty indecision among career-decided students
Increasing numbers of career-decided students in professional and graduate schools have difficulty choosing a specialty. To begin to examine this problem, a measure of specialty indecision was devised by changing the Career Decision Scale items to deal with specialty indecision rather than career indecision. The scale was then administered to 567 medical students along with measures of vocational development and exploratory behavior. Initial evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Specialty Indecision Scale indicate that it is internally consistent, relates more to specialty choice than to career choice, and inversely relates to both vocational development and exploratory behavior. A factor analysis of the scale items extracted four factors that reflect cognitive, conative, criterion, and implementation restraints on the decision-making process. The Specialty Indecision Scale seems to be useful for diagnostic and research purposes in the study and treatment of specialty indecision.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/25480/1/0000020.pd
Construire sa vie (Life designing) : un paradigme pour lâorientation au 21e siĂšcle
Ce texte est la traduction française de lâarticle publiĂ© dans le Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(3) : Savickas, M. L., Nota, L., Rossier, J., Dauwalder, J.-P., Duarte, M. E., Guichard, J., Soresi, S., Van Esbroeck, R., & van Vianen, A. E. M., « Life designing: A paradigm for career construction in the 21st century » (239-250), © 2009, avec la permission de Elsevier. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00018791 ***** La nouvelle organisation sociale du travail du dĂ©but du 21e siĂšcle pose une sĂ©rie de questions et lance de nombreux dĂ©fis aux spĂ©cialistes de lâaccompagnement en orientation professionnelle. Compte tenu de la mondialisation du conseil en orientation, câest dans un cadre international que nous avons dĂ©cidĂ© dâaborder ces questions, puis de formuler des rĂ©ponses potentiellement innovantes. Cette approche permet dâĂ©viter les difficultĂ©s que soulĂšve la crĂ©ation de modĂšles et de mĂ©thodes dans un pays donnĂ© en tentant ensuite de les exporter dans dâautres, oĂč ils doivent ĂȘtre adaptĂ©s pour ĂȘtre utilisĂ©s. Cet article prĂ©sente le premier rĂ©sultat tangible de cette collaboration : un modĂšle et des mĂ©thodes dâaccompagnement des personnes. Le modĂšle « Construire sa vie », destinĂ© Ă des interventions dâaccompagnement en orientation se fonde sur cinq prĂ©supposĂ©s concernant les personnes et leur vie professionnelle : des possibilitĂ©s liĂ©es aux contextes, des processus dynamiques, une progression non linĂ©aire, des perspectives multiples et des configurations individuelles. En partant de ces prĂ©supposĂ©s, nous avons bĂąti un modĂšle en contexte, se rĂ©clamant de lâĂ©pistĂ©mologie du constructionnisme social, reconnaissant en particulier que les connaissances et lâidentitĂ© dâun individu sont le produit dâinteractions sociales et que le sens est co-construit, via la mĂ©diation du discours. Le cadre gĂ©nĂ©ral « construire sa vie » sâappuie sur les thĂ©ories de la construction de soi (Guichard, 2005) et de la construction des parcours professionnels (Savickas, 2005), qui dĂ©crivent les conduites dâorientation et leurs dĂ©veloppements. Ce cadre concerne toute la vie, il est holiste, tient compte des contextes et est prĂ©ventif.At the beginning of the 21st century, a new social arrangement of work poses a series of questions and challenges to scholars who aim to help people develop their working lives. Given the globalization of career counseling, we decided to address these issues and then to formulate potentially innovative responses in an international forum. We used this approach to avoid the difficulties of creating models and methods in one country and then trying to export them to other countries where they would be adapted for use. This article presents the initial outcome of this collaboration, a counseling model and methods. The life-designing model for career intervention endorses five presuppositions about people and their work lives: contextual possibilities, dynamic processes, non-linear progression, multiple perspectives, and personal patterns. Thinking from these five presuppositions, we have crafted a contextualized model based on the epistemology of social constructionism, particularly recognizing that an individualâs knowledge and identity are the product of social interaction and that meaning is co-constructed through discourse. The life-design framework for counseling implements the theories of self-constructing (Guichard, 2005) and career construction (Savickas, 2005) that describe vocational behavior and its development. Thus, the framework is structured to be life-long, holistic, contextual, and preventive
Testing and Assessment in an International Context: Cross- and Multi-cultural Issues
Globalisation, increase of migration flows, and the concurrent worldwide competitiveness impose rethinking of testing and assessment procedures and practices in an international and multicultural context. This chapter reviews the methodological and practical implications for psychological assessment in the field of career guidance. The methodological implications are numerous and several aspects have to be considered, such as cross-cultural equivalence or construct, method, and item bias. Moreover, the construct of culture by itself is difficult to define and difficult to measure. In order to provide non-discriminatory assessment, counsellors should develop their clinical cross-cultural competencies, develop more specific intervention strategies, and respect cultural differences. Several suggestions are given concerning translation and adaptation of psychological instruments, developing culture specific measures, and the use of these instruments. More research in this field should use mixed methods, multi-centric designs, and consider emic and etic psychological variables. A multidisciplinary approach might also allow identifying culture specific and ecological meaningful constructs. Non-discriminatory assessment implies considering the influence and interaction of personal characteristics and environmental factors
The prevalence of self-reported underuse of medications due to cost for the elderly: Results from seven European urban communities
Background:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of self-reported underuse of medications due to procurement costs amongst older persons from seven European urban communities.
Methods:
The data were collected in a cross-sectional study (âABUEL, Elder abuse: A multinational prevalence surveyâ) in 2009. Randomly selected people aged 60â84 years (nâ=â4,467) from seven urban communities: Stuttgart (Germany), Athens (Greece), Ancona (Italy), Kaunas (Lithuania), Porto (Portugal), Granada (Spain) and Stockholm (Sweden) were interviewed. Response rate - 45.2 %. Ethical permission was received in each country.
Results:
The results indicate that 3.6 % (nâ=â162) of the respondents self-reported refraining from buying prescribed medications due to cost. The highest prevalence of this problem was identified in Lithuania (15.7 %, nâ=â99) and Portugal (4.3 %, nâ=â28). Other countries reported lower percentages of refraining from buying medications (Germany â 2.0 %, Italy â 1.6 %, Sweden â 1.0 %, Greece â 0.6 %, Spain â 0.3 %). Females refrained more often from buying medications than males (2.6 % vs. 4.4 %, pâ<â0.0001). The prevalence of this refraining tended to increase with economic hardship.
Discussion:
These differences between countries can be only partly described by the financing of health-care systems. In spite of the presence of cost reimbursement mechanisms, patients need to make co-payments (or in some cases to pay the full price) for prescribed medications. This indicates that the purchasing power of people in 10.1186/s12913-015-1089-4 the particular country can play a major role and be related with the economic situation in the country. Lithuania, which has reported the highest refrain rates, had the lowest gross domestic product (at the time of conducting this study) of all participating countries in the study.
Conclusions:
Refraining from buying the prescribed medications due to cost is a problem for women and men in respect to ageing people in Europe. Prevalence varies by country, sex, and economic hardship.The ABUEL was supported by the Executive Agency for Health and Consumers (EAHC) (Grant No., A/2007123) and participating institutions
Interpreting self-directed search profiles: Validity of the 'Rule of Eight'
Based on the standard error of measurement, Holland (1985) suggested the ârule of eightâ for determining the meaningfulness of differences between two summary scores on the Self Directed Search. The present study empirically examined the rule's validity for practice. The participants were 2397 (1497 females and 900 males) undergraduate students enrolled in the exploratory major at a large Midwestern university. The results strongly supported the interpretive rule of eight. For those participants who scored a primary-code distinction of eight or more points, the hit rate was 55% with a kappa of .38. This compared to a hit rate of 40% with a kappa of .21 for those participants with less than eight-point distinction between their top two scores. The authors also discuss the practical implications for interpreting SDS results using the ârule of eight.
Facilitating narrative change in career construction counseling
Career Construction Counseling fosters client change by evoking and elaborating innovative moments in client narratives. In this article, we describe four types of dialogues that counselors may use to prompt narrative novelty and foster client change: (a) identify and evaluate the effects of innovative moments, (b) highlight contrasting self-positions, (c) ask about changes achieved, (d) promote a meta-perspective on change. Vignettes from a case are used to illustrate how to use IM markers as a heuristic guide for when to engage in these four types of dialogues.- (undefined
The Relation of Career Maturity to Personality Type and Social Adjustment
Models of career maturity, first formulated at midcentury, have been criticized for not incorporating innovations in personality and developmental psychology. This isolation from general models of and debates about personal maturity has kept career maturity from receiving widespread acceptance in mainstream psychology. The present study investigated whether Superâs model of career maturity could be linked to Goughâs three-dimensional model of personality organization. To explore relations between the two structural models, 200 college students responded to Goughâs California Psychological Inventory and Superâs Career Development Inventory. Results showed that planful competence in career development related to greater realization of oneâs potential and a higher degree of social adjustment. Furthermore, the results indicated that more mature attitudes toward career planning and exploration related to an adjustment style characterized by extroversion in interpersonal relationships and by a positive orientation to social norms