MECHANISMS OF DESTRUCTION AND SYNTHESIS OF LIQUID MEDIA, USED IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY UNDER NON-EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS

The formation of food liquid medium structures containing at least 70 % of disperse particles with high dispersiveness has been considered. The possible formation mechanisms of food liquid medium structure when slow (hydrodynamic) and quick (acoustic) processes create favorable conditions for cavitation have been studied. The possibility to control these processes for initiation of mechanical and kinetic reactions that change the structure of the medium has been demonstrated. The invert syrup has been selected as the study object. The change in the invert syrup structure before and after such cavitation treatment has been recorded with the use of metallographic microscope Nikon Eclipse MA100. The decrease in disperse phase sizes from 2–3 µm to 0.1–0.4 µm along with establishing the high uniformity of component distribution as compared to the syrup without cavitation process treatment has been detected. The formation of food liquid medium structures containing at least 70 % of disperse particles with high dispersiveness has been considered. The possible formation mechanisms of food liquid medium structure when slow (hydrodynamic) and quick (acoustic) processes create favorable conditions for cavitation have been studied. The possibility to control these processes for initiation of mechanical and kinetic reactions that change the structure of the medium has been demonstrated. The invert syrup has been selected as the study object. The change in the invert syrup structure before and after such cavitation treatment has been recorded with the use of metallographic microscope Nikon Eclipse MA100. The decrease in disperse phase sizes from 2–3 µm to 0.1–0.4 µm along with establishing the high uniformity of component distribution as compared to the syrup without cavitation process treatment has been detected.

Spinning and Weaving of the Middle Don Population of the Scythian Time

Introduction. The article analyzes the level of developing spinning and weaving production of the Middle Don population in the Scythian time. Based on studying textile prints on the bottoms of ceramic vessels, as well as some extant samples of fabrics, the fineness of threads and the direction of their twist, the type of weave and the density of fabrics are reconstructed. Methods. The authors studied 18 samples of fabric imprints on the bottoms of the ceramic vessels of Mostyshche hillfort. The imprints were made with the help of highly plastic clay. The analysis of the extant fragments of fabrics was carried out with the help of microscopic equipment in the laboratory of the State Historical Museum. Analysis. The fabric imprints of different varieties made of fibers of vegetable origin were found on the pottery from Mostishche hillfort. The density of coarser ones did not exceed 10 threads per 1 cm. The majority were fabrics with a density of up to 15 threads per 1 cm. The textile from the barrow burials was made of woolen threads, was of high density and, accordingly, a higher quality. In addition, one of the fabric fragments found in the barrows was painted red, and probably was imported. Results. Almost all analyzed samples had a simple plain weave of 1/1. An exception was only a fragment of fabrics found near Mastyugino village, which had a rep weave of 1/3. The fineness of threads in fabrics varied, but, as a rule, was uniform over the entire length, which indicates a highly developed spinning process. The uniform distribution of weft and warp threads in the fabric structure, as well as using threads of different twist direction in one fabrics, shows developed weaving production. The analysis of other archaeological sources, as well as involving ethnographic data allows the authors of the article to assume parallel use of horizontal and vertical weaving looms in the Scythian time in the Middle Don

РОЛЬ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ И ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ФАКТОРОВ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ ГРУППЫ ЧАСТО БОЛЕЮЩИХ ДЕТЕЙ В СОЦИАЛЬНО БЛАГОПОЛУЧНЫХ СЕМЬЯХ Г. МОСКВЫ

Many factors contributing to the formation of a group of sickly children were analyzed according to the modern statistical mathematical methods. In this paper we consider the role of the living and environmental factors. It should be emphasized that all 143 (120 children made up observation group and 23 the control group) observed the child live in good conditions in socially-secured families.На основании современных статистических математических методов проведен анализ многих факторов, способствующих формированию группы часто болеющих детей (ЧБД). В настоящей статье рассмотрена роль жилищно-бытовых и экологических факторов. Следует подчеркнуть, что все 143 (120 детей группы наблюдения и 23 — группы контроля) наблюдаемых ребенка проживали в хороших условиях и в социально благополучных семьях

Mathematical Model of Electrodiffusion, Dissociation and Recombination in the Diffusive Layer

We study a mathematical model of electrochemical processes in the thin diffusive layer of polymer electrolyte between the electrode and the bulk. We consider diffusion, migration, dissociation and recombination of positive and negative ions in the electric field that take place in this region under various boundary conditions. We demonstrate that the unique stable steady state of the electrochemical system is determined by the ratio of dissociation to recombination. This state attracts time-dependent solutions of the model, but their convergence strongly depends on the electroneutrality of the bulk

Identification and quantification of anthocyanins in honeysuckle under the conditions of Tomsk Province

Background. Honeysuckle is a promising berry crop for food and medical uses, which has recently become increasingly popular. Searching for sources with high content of bioactive substances to obtain new fruit cultivars with improved chemical composition continues to be relevant. Anthocyanin content and composition in honeysuckle cultivars depend on many factors, including plant reproduction conditions (temperature and humidity). Studying chemical composition of Siberian honeysuckle cultivars grown under the conditions of Western Siberia will make it possible to identify sources of high BAS content for various uses.Materials and methods. The target materials of the study were fruits of 21 honeysuckle cultivars grown in Western Siberia before and after freezing. The qualitative and quantitative composition of anthocyanins was assessed in ethanol extracts of honeysuckle fruits using HPLC technique.Results. The content of anthocyanins was higher in the fruits of honeysuckle grown in Western Siberia compared with the published data for the same cultivars reproduced in Belgorod Province (Central Black Earth Region). After freezing, the anthocyanin level in honeysuckle fruits remained the same and in some cases even increased.Conclusions. The obtained data helped to ascertain that honeysuckle fruits reproduced in Western Siberia are valuable sources of such bioactive compounds as anthocyanins

Estimation of genotype, explant size and microbial enzymes influence on regenerative capacity of potatoes

In this study effects of genotype, explants size and the composition of the culture medium on regeneration capacity of apexes of etiolated potato tubers sprouts were estimated. We observed positive correlation among survival, growth and development of plant tissues in vitro and the size of plant explants. When the cultivation medium was supplemented by RNase A (1-10 μg/ml) and ribonucleases from Bacillus pumilus (RNAse Bp, 1 μg/ml) 35% increase of the number of the regenerants was observed. Enzymes with ribonuclease activity at low concentrations (1-10 μg/ml) stimulated regenerative and morphogenic processes. In contrast neither plant regeneration dynamic nor plant morphogenesis were changed when cultivation medium was supplemented by other Bacillus pumilus proteolytic enzymes (subtilisin-like protease (AprBp), glutamyl endopeptidase (GseBp) and metalloendopeptidase (MprBp) in concentration of 1 μg/ml

РОЛЬ ВНУТРИСЕМЕЙНОГО ИНФИЦИРОВАНИЯ ЧАСТО БОЛЕЮЩИХ ДЕТЕЙ

143 children and 376 of their family members were examined for the study of intrafamilial infection. The study revealed that in the families of the studied sickly children (SC) 100% of mothers, 83,3% of fathers, 100% of siblings and 100% of nannies were infected. Herpes viruses: EBV (55,8%), CMV (50,8%), HHV VI (21,7%) in combination with intracellular pathogens (Chlamydia and Mycoplasma) were prevalent in the sickly children. Examination of the family members revealed presence of the same pathogens. Control group differed significantly and reliably from the group of sickly children. There were not many infected children, no acute forms of diseases; monoinfection predominated. Было обследовано 143 ребенка и 376 членов семей для изучения внутрисемейного инфицирования. В группе часто болеющих детей (ЧБД) было выявлено инфицированных 100% матерей, 83,3% отцов, 100% сибсов и 100% нянь. У ЧБД преобладали герпесвирусы: ЭБВ (55,8%), ЦМВ (50,8%), ГВЧ VI (21,7%) в сочетании с внутриклеточными патогенами (хламидиями и микоплазмами. При обследовании всех членов семей было выявлено инфицирование практическими теми же возбудителями. Группа контроля значительно и достоверно отличалась от группы ЧБД небольшим количеством инфицированных детей, отсутствием острых форм и преобладанием моноинфицирования.

SPECIFICS OF CONSCIOUS SELF-REGULATION IN SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT PROFILES OF LEARNING

The study considers specificity of regulatory resources in the schoolchildren educated in various profiles, with different levels of academic achievements. The data analysis revealed the differences in indicators of conscious self-regulation between the four groups of schoolchildren, divided according their learning profiles (physical and mathematical, chemical and biological, linguistic, and humanitarian). Differences in the indicators of conscious self-regulation were also revealed within each of the four profiled groups between children with low and high scores obtained based on the unified state exam.Исследуется специфика в выраженности регуляторных ресурсов у школьников, обучающихся на различных профилях, при разном уровне их академических достижений. Выявлены различия по показателям осознанной саморегуляции у четырех групп школьников, разделенных в соответствии с четырьмя группами профилей (физико-математическим, химико-биологическим, лингвистическим и гуманитарным). Различия по показателям осознанной саморегуляции установлены внутри каждого из четырех профилей в группах с низкими и высокими баллами, полученными по итогам единого государственного экзамена.Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержки РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 20-013-00741

Возможности противовирусной и иммуномодулирующей терапии в лечении гриппа, ОРВИ, герпесвирусных инфекций

Currently, acute respiratory infection (ARI) and Herpes virus infection are widely prevalent in children and adults. Clinical presentations and course, characterization of ARI and Herpes virus infection, groups of immunomodilating drugs and current individualized treatment approach are reviewed in this article.Острые респираторные вирусные (ОРВИ) и герпесвирусные инфекции стали одними из самых распространенных заболеваний как среди детей, так и среди взрослых. Представлены клинические особенности течения и классификации ОРВИ, герпетических инфекций, иммуномодулирующих препаратов, а также возможности современного лечения с учетом индивидуального подхода, особенно у часто болеющих детей и взрослых