An anthropometric study of the shape of the normal work area in the horizontal plane

Call number: LD2668 .R4 1968 G64

Developing Standard Treatment Workflows—way to universal healthcare in India

Primary healthcare caters to nearly 70% of the population in India and provides treatment for approximately 80–90% of common conditions. To achieve universal health coverage (UHC), the Indian healthcare system is gearing up by initiating several schemes such as National Health Protection Scheme, Ayushman Bharat, Nutrition Supplementation Schemes, and Inderdhanush Schemes. The healthcare delivery system is facing challenges such as irrational use of medicines, over- and under-diagnosis, high out-of-pocket expenditure, lack of targeted attention to preventive and promotive health services, and poor referral mechanisms. Healthcare providers are unable to keep pace with the volume of growing new scientific evidence and rising healthcare costs as the literature is not published at the same pace. In addition, there is a lack of common standard treatment guidelines, workflows, and reference manuals from the Government of India. Indian Council of Medical Research in collaboration with the National Health Authority, Govt. of India, and the WHO India country office has developed Standard Treatment Workflows (STWs) with the objective to be utilized at various levels of healthcare starting from primary to tertiary level care. A systematic approach was adopted to formulate the STWs. An advisory committee was constituted for planning and oversight of the process. Specialty experts' group for each specialty comprised of clinicians working at government and private medical colleges and hospitals. The expert groups prioritized the topics through extensive literature searches and meeting with different stakeholders. Then, the contents of each STW were finalized in the form of single-pager infographics. These STWs were further reviewed by an editorial committee before publication. Presently, 125 STWs pertaining to 23 specialties have been developed. It needs to be ensured that STWs are implemented effectively at all levels and ensure quality healthcare at an affordable cost as part of UHC

Replenishment policy for non-instantaneous deteriorating items in a two storage facilities under inflationary conditions

The present study investigates an inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items under inflationary conditions with partially backlogged shortages. In today’s market structure consumers are looking for goods for which there is a delay in deterioration. At the same time, the consumers’ willingness to wait has been decreased over time, which leads to lost sales. Moreover in financial decision-making, the effects of inflation and time value of money cannot be oblivious to an inventory system. In this scenario, managing inventory of goods remains a challenging task for the decision makers, who may also have to rent warehouse under different prevailing factors such as, bulk discount, limited space in the retail outlet, or increasing inflation rates. With a focus on reduction of costs and increasing customer service, warehouse decision models are crucial for an organization’s profitability. Hence a mathematical model has been developed in the view of above scenario, in order to determine the optimal policy for the decision maker, by minimizing the present worth of total cost. The optimization procedure has been illustrated by a numerical example and detailed sensitivity analysis of the optimal solution has been performed to showcase the effect of various parameters. Managerial implications has also been presented to aid the decision making process

Role of tricalcium phosphate implant in bridging the large osteoperiosteal gaps in rabbits

375-380Treatment options for large osteoperiosteal defects are limited and that which are available are not ideal. Osteoperiosteal defect were created in ulnae of both forelimbs of rabbits and tricalcium phosphate implant was used to bridge the gap. Amongst the 35 implanted ulnae, one implant got dislodged. Rest of the implants showed good adherence to host bone until the final follow up. Five control rabbit limbs (in which no implants were put) showed persistent bone gap. Histological and Electron microscopic examination revealed bone tissues covering the surface of the implant and bridging the gap. New bone was formed in the pores also. Tricalcium phosphate implants showed new bone formation due to osteoconductive properties. They are biodegradable. It is suggested that tricalcium phosphate implants are viable treatment alternatives in management of large osteoperiosteal defects with minimal to no adverse effects

Prevalencia del consumo de psicofármacos, consumo de drogas y diagnóstico de enfermedad mental en el Centro Penitenciario de Soria

En el siguiente estudio se ha analizado la población reclusa del CP de Soria en tratamiento con psicofármacos. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo correlacional observacional transversal retrospectivo el cual ha permitido conocer aspectos de los reclusos como son la nacionalidad, rango de edad, tipo y cantidad de psicofármaco, consumo histórico de drogas y diagnóstico de enfermedad mental. La prevalencia del consumo de psicofármacos es de casi la mitad de la población reclusa con el 45,96%. La nacionalidad mayoritaria en tratamiento de este tipo era la española con más del 91% de los reclusos. Un 28,37% recibía algún tipo de psicofármaco, encontrándose por detrás de los internos en tratamiento con dos -36,48%- y tres -29,72%- modalidades de fármaco. Un 63,5% tenía prescritos ansiolíticos, un 50% antidepresivos y un 47,29% antipsicóticos. En cuanto a la totalidad de prescripciones diarias un 32,96% comprendían los ansiolíticos, un 24,02% antidepresivos y un 20,67% antipsicóticos. Casi un 96% de los reclusos había consumido algún tipo de droga a lo largo de su vida. Entre ellas las más consumidas eran el tabaco -75,67%- cocaína -74,32%- y heroína -70,27%-. El consumo de más de una droga (policonsumo) también es elevado: un 64,78% consumía tanto cocaína como heroína, un 39,40% consumía cocaína, heroína y cannabis y un 18,30% consumía cocaína, heroína, cannabis y alcohol. A lo que a enfermedad mental se refiere un 55,40% de los reclusos en tratamiento con psicofármacos había tenido diagnóstico de enfermedad mental. Los diagnósticos según el DSM-IV más dados fueron los trastornos de ansiedad, los trastornos de la personalidad y los trastornos por abuso de sustancias. También se encontraron casos de esquizofrenia u otros trastornos psicóticos en número considerable. La prevalencia del consumo de psicofármacos en el CP de Soria es más alta en comparación con otros estudios realizados en el estado y Europa. La población mayoritaria con este tipo de tratamiento es de nacionalidad española y de edades comprendidas entre los 31-50 años. El psicofármaco más utilizado son los ansiolíticos. Un alto porcentaje de reclusos en tratamiento de este tipo ha consumido drogas alguna vez siendo el policonsumo algo habitual. No todos los reclusos en tratamiento tienen diagnóstico de enfermedad mental.Grado en Enfermerí