Exatidão de posicionamento de um receptor GPS, operando sob diferentes coberturas vegetais

Para avaliar a exatidão de posicionamento planimétrico do receptor GPS Trimble/Pro-XL, operando sob diferentes condições de cobertura vegetal (pastagem, seringueira, eucalipto e pinus), o equipamento foi posicionado alternadamente sobre 6 pontos, locados ao acaso nas áreas de estudo, variando o tempo de permanência (1 , 5 e 10 min) mas com a mesma taxa de aquisição de dados (1 s) fazendo-se, posteriormente, a correção diferencial (DGPS) pós-processada dos dados. Os pontos também tiveram suas coordenadas levantadas pelo método topográfico, segundo a NBR 13133 - Execução de Levantamento Topográfico, para fins de comparação. De acordo com o método empregado e os resultados obtidos, foi possível separar as exatidões de posicionamento planimétrico, conforme o tipo de cobertura vegetal, em dois grupos: sem e com cobertura arbórea confirmando, assim, a interferência do dossel na recepção dos sinais emitidos pelos satélites GPS. O aumento do tempo de permanência melhorou a exatidão de posicionamento planimétrico, o que ratifica a escolha da metodologia de levantamento como sendo fundamental para a obtenção de bons resultados de posicionamento

Quality of sugarcane in productive process of ethanol evaluated by INAA

Soil as an impurity in sugarcane is a serious problem for the ethanol industry, increasing production and maintenance costs and reducing the productivity. Fe, Hf, Sc and Th determined by INAA were used as tracers to assess the amount of soil in sugarcane from truckloads as well as in the juice extraction process. Quality control tools were applied to results identifying the need for stratification according to soil type and moisture. Soil levels of truckloads had high variability indicating potential for improving cut and loading operations. Samples from the juice extraction process allowed tracking the soil in the mill tandem.The State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP

¿Ha cambiado la actividad asistencial de la neurología pediátrica en 11 años?

Resumen: Introducción: Pensamos que en la última década ha existido un aumento en la demanda de atención de neurología pediátrica (NP) por parte de la población pero también con un cambio cualitativo en las patologías que se atienden.Por este motivo planteamos realizar un segundo registro (2013) y analizar si existían o no diferencias con el efectuado en el año 2002. Métodos: Se realiza un registro prospectivo de actividad asistencia de NP en el Hospital Universitario de Getafe en 2013 y se compara con otro registro prospectivo previo realizado en 2002. Resultados: Se ha pasado de 1.300 consultas a 1.982 (incremento del 52,46%) y de 32,6 consultas/1.000 niños al año a 57,48 (76,32% de aumento).La actividad en consulta supone el 92,2% de toda la asistencia neuropediátrica del 2013; actualmente el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) es la patología más frecuente (27,6% en 2013/8,1% en 2002). Aunque las cefaleas siguen siendo muy frecuentes han disminuido (19% en 2013/22% en 2002). Como primeras consultas la cefalea sigue siendo la más frecuente en 2013 (32,1%), seguida del TDAH (19,1%). En régimen de hospitalización la epilepsia continúa siendo el diagnóstico más frecuente (30,3% en 2013/36,7% en 2002). Conclusiones: La NP continúa siendo una actividad básicamente ambulatoria, con un incremento considerable en los últimos años. Este aumento se debe fundamentalmente a los trastornos del neurodesarrollo y muy especialmente al TDAH. Podríamos decir que el TDAH es a la NP lo que la demencia a la neurología general. Abstract: Introduction: We believe that the demand for paediatric neurology (PN) care has increased over the past decade, and that reasons for requesting consultations have also changed. The objective of this study is to complete a registry study to profile the demand for PN care in 2013 and compare results to those from a study performed in 2002. Methods: A prospective registry of PN healthcare activities was completed at Hospital Universitario de Getafe in 2013. Results were compared with those from a prospective registry study conducted in 2002. Results: The number of visits increased from 1,300 in 2002 to 1,982 in 2013 (a 52.46% increase), and from 32.6 visits per 1,000 children to 57.48 (a 76.32% increase). Outpatient consultations accounted for 92.2% of all PN consultations in 2013. Currently, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most frequent diagnosis (27.6% in 2013 vs. 8.1% in 2002). Although the percentage of headache consultations has decreased (19% in 2013 vs. 22% in 2002), headache was still the most common reason for an initial visit in 2013 (32.1%), followed by ADHD (19.1%). Epilepsy remains the most frequent diagnosis in hospitalised patients (30.3% in 2013 vs. 36.7% in 2002). Conclusions: PN is fundamentally an outpatient activity that has increased considerably in recent years. This increase is mainly due to neurodevelopmental disorders, especially ADHD. We might state that the role of ADHD in PN is comparable to that of dementia in general neurology. Palabras clave: Actividad asistencial, Gestión sanitaria, Neurología infantil, Neurología pediátrica, Neurodesarrollo, TDAH, Keywords: Medical care, Healthcare administration, Child neurology, Paediatric neurology, Neurodevelopment, ADH

Effects of Lanthanum on Citrus Plant

This work focuses on the study of the effect of lanthanum application on Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia Osbeck). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse. Four different doses of lanthanum chloride heptahydrate (50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, 400 mg) per citrus plants were applied ninety-eight days after the sowing. The plants were collected three weeks following the application of the lanthanum chloride the plants. The optimal dose was 50 mg. The results showed that the citrus plant physiology changed with the application of lanthanum, i.e., depending on the dose, there is a beneficial or a harmful effect on the growth

Chemical analysis of dairy cattle feed from Brazil

The bovine dairy cattle demand diets of high nutritional value being essential to know chemical composition of feed supplied to cows to achieve high levels of quality, safety and productivity of milk. Different roughages and concentrates from Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul states, Brazil, were analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Concentrate and roughage samples were differentiated by mass fractions of As, Ba, Mg, P, Rb and Sr. Samples of concentrate from both origins were differentiated by mass fractions of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Ni and Rb.State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP

Arsenic and Chromium in Brazilian Agricultural Supplies

Arsenic (As) and chromium (Cr) contents were measured in agricultural supplies used at different farms in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. The highest mass fractions of As were found in thermophosphates, reaching levels of 4 mg/kg. The highest mass fractions of Cr (21 g/kg) were found in calcium magnesium silicate, while the thermophosphates also presented high values reaching approximately 1 g/kg. The levels of As were within Brazilian guidelines, but the values of Cr in thermophosphates exceeded the levels permitted in Brazil. The As content in fertilizers may be considered safe (5 mg/kg) in terms of environmental pollution. However, the Cr content in calcium magnesium silicate following continuous use may constitute a significant problem in Brazil due to potentially increasing levels of this metal in soils

Chemical composition of bovine milk from Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Aiming at international competitiveness of the Brazilian dairy sector, new governmental policies were released to improve quality and safety of bovine milk. In this context, it is important to quantify essential and toxic chemical elements. Here, the composition of milk samples taken at 32 dairy farms in Minas Gerais State was assessed by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), besides the evaluation of usual quality parameters. Significant differences were found for Ba, K, Na and fat content amongst dairy farms with diverse quality levels established on basis of somatic cell and total bacterial count.State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP