Psicología Y educación a distancia : una revisión de la literatura

O presente estudo investigou as contribuições da Psicologia para a educação a distância – EAD. Para isso, realizou-se revisão bibliográfica de publicações nacionais, entre 1999 e 2009, nas bases de dados SciELO, Lilacs, PsycINFO, BVS e Google Acadêmico. Foram selecionados 69 estudos, dos quais se excluíram 15, por não serem compatíveis com a pesquisa. Os resultados evidenciaram nove eixos temáticos: (1) tecnologia educacional a distância com fundamentos psicológicos, (2) afeição, (3) papel do tutor/professor, (4) teorias psicológicas, (5) interatividade, (6) evasão, (7) relatos de experiências, (8) avaliação de treinamento, desenvolvimento e educação a distância e (9) outros. Os temas tecnologia educacional a distância com fundamentos psicológicos e afeição obtiveram maior frequência nas publicações. Neste estudo, registrou-se, também, que, embora em ascensão desde 2006, os anos de maiores publicações da Psicologia na educação a distância foram 2008 e 2009. Sugere-se que estudos futuros ampliem esta pesquisa para incluir bases de dados internacionais.This study investigated the contributions of Psychology to Distance Learning. A literature review of national publications between 1999 to 2009 was made in the electronic databases SciELO, LILACS, PsycINFO, BVS and Google Scholar. From the 69 studies selected, 15 were excluded because they were not compatible with the research. The results showed nine themes: (1) the distance learning technology with psychological grounding, (2) affection, (3)the role of the tutor/professor, (4) psychological theories, (5) interactivity, (6) dropout, (7) reports of experiences, (8) assessment of distance training, development and education and (9) others. The topics distance education technology with psychological grounding and affection had a larger frequency in the publications. Since 2006, there was an increasing number of publications in psychology distance education, but the years of major publications were from 2008 to 2009. It is suggested that future studies expand this research including international databases.El presente estudio investigó las contribuciones de la Psicología para la Educación a Distancia – EAD. Para eso, fue realizada una revisión bibliográfica de publicaciones nacionales, entre 1999 y 2009 en las bases de datos SciELO, Lilacs, PsycINFO, BVS y Google Académico. Fueron seleccionados 69 estudios, de los cuales se excluyeron 15, por no ser compatibles con la pesquisa. Los resultados evidenciaron nueve ejes temáticos (1) tecnología educacional la distancia con fundamentos psicológicos; (2) afección; (3) papel del tutor/profesor; (4) teorías psicológicas; (5) interactividad; (6) evasión; (7) relatos de experiencias, (8) evaluación de entrenamiento, desarrollo y educación distancia y (9) otros. Los temas tecnología educacional a distancia con fundamentos psicológicos y afección obtuvieron mayor frecuencia en las publicaciones. En ese estudio se registró, también, que, aunque en ascensión desde 2006, los años de mayores publicaciones de la psicología en la educación a distancia, fueron 2008 y 2009. Se sugiere que estudios futuros amplíen esa pesquisa para incluir bases de datos internacionales

A ressonância magnética no diagnóstico e estadiamento dos gliomas cerebrais: a aplicação da técnica da espectroscopia de prótons

The objective of this study was to perform a literature review of primary studies that assess the application of proton magnetic ressonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) as a method in the diagnosis and staging of brain gliomas. We used the “PubMed´s database” for selection of primary studies that used 1H-MRS in the diagnosis and/or staging of gliomas. All articles analyzed through PubMed´s database showed statistical significance in the correlation between 1H-MRS and histopathology of the lesion. Of the 26 studies examined nine showed difference between gliomas and other lesions of the Central Nervous System (CNS) and 23 evaluated the difference between low-grade gliomas and high-grade gliomas. Sought to show that the lines of research that have used 1H-RMS presented more refined results as to the diagnosis of these tumors. These studies have concluded that 1H-MRS associated with MRI is a diagnostic method with good accuracy when compared with histopathological analysis. Metabolites detected by spectroscopy correlate well with the grading of gliomas and provide strong evidence that this method can be used for evaluation and follow-up of patients preoperatively and postoperatively.Objetiva-se, com este trabalho, realizar uma revisão de literatura de estudos primários que abordaram a aplicação da espectroscopia de prótons por ressonância magnética (1H-MRS) como método diagnóstico e de estadiamento nos gliomas cerebrais. Todos os artigos analisados, através do PubMed mostraram significância estatística na correlação entre 1H-MRS com a histopatologia da lesão. Dos 26 estudos analisados, 9 mostraram diferenças entre gliomas de outras lesões do Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC) e 23 avaliaram a diferença entre gliomas de baixo grau e gliomas de alto grau. Procurou-se mostrar que as linhas de pesquisa que usaram 1H-RMS apresentaram resultados mais refinados quanto ao diagnóstico destes tumores. Destes estudos, conclui-se que a 1H-MRS associada à MRI é um método diagnóstico com boa acurácia quando comparado com a análise histopatológica. Os metabólitos detectados pela espectroscopia se correlacionam bem com a gradação dos gliomas e fornecem fortes evidências de que este método possa ser mais utilizado para avaliação e seguimento de pacientes no pré e no pós-operatório

Quality of Work Life: Comparative Analysis Between two Public Workers Groups

The general objective of the study was to compare the analysis of the perception of Quality of Work Life of workers from two federal entities in the infrastructure area based on the Activity-centered Ergonomics Applied to QWL. A total of 3.136 workers participated in this research. As an instrument it was used an electronic version of the QWL Valuating Inventory. The result presents no significant differences in perception of the two groups of works in relation to the quality of life at work. The element work organization was the worst evaluated indicating alertness and risk of illness. The research indicates issues that deserve attention during the elaboration of QWL Policy and Program in the evaluated organization

Relationship between Calcium Score and Myocardial Scintigraphy in the Diagnosis of Coronary Disease

Abstract Half the patients with coronary artery disease present with sudden death - or acute infarction as first symptom, making early diagnosis pivotal. Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy is frequently used in the assessment of these patients, but it does not detect the disease without flow restriction, exposes the patient to high levels of radiation and is costly. On the other hand, with less radiological exposure, calcium score is directly correlated to the presence and extension of coronary atherosclerosis, and also to the risk of cardiovascular events. Even though calcium score is a tried-and-true method for stratification of asymptomatic patients, its use is still reduced in this context, since current guidelines are contradictory to its use on symptomatic diseases. The aim of this review is to identify, on patients under investigation for coronary artery disease, the main evidence of the use of calcium score associated with functional evaluation and scintigraphy

C-reactive protein as an early marker of healthcare-associated pneumonia outcome in cancer patients

publishersversionpublishe

The impact of organizational characteristics on the outcomes of septic patients admitted to the ICU

Fernando Bozza. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Documento produzido em parceria ou por autor vinculado à Fiocruz, mas não consta a informação no documento.Submitted by Janaína Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2019-05-02T13:10:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Rabello_L_etal_INI_2015.pdf: 170200 bytes, checksum: 6ac2f51a778d695109d7f23f613cb3a5 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Janaína Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2019-05-02T13:26:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Rabello_L_etal_INI_2015.pdf: 170200 bytes, checksum: 6ac2f51a778d695109d7f23f613cb3a5 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-05-02T13:26:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Rabello_L_etal_INI_2015.pdf: 170200 bytes, checksum: 6ac2f51a778d695109d7f23f613cb3a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / D’Or Institute for Research and Education. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.D’Or Institute for Research and Education. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Pittsburgh, PA, USA.D’Or Institute for Research and Education. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Pittsburgh, PA, USA.D’Or Institute for Research and Education. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.D’Or Institute for Research and Education. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

Patterns of C-reactive protein predicts response to therapy in healthcare-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients with cancer

Publisher Copyright: © 2015 Sarmet Cunha Farah Rabello et al.Intr Pneumonia is the most frequent type of infection in cancer patients and is associated with exceedingly high mortality rates. Clinical judgment is insufficient to an early identification of outcomes in critically ill. Objectives The aim of the present study was to evaluate the patterns of CRP response to antibiotic therapy during the first week in the ICU in cancer patients admitted with healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP). Methods This was a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of cancer patients admitted to three ICUs with the diagnosis of HCAP. CRP was sampled every other day from D0 do D6 of antibiotic prescription. Patients were classified according to an individual pattern of CRP-ratio response with the following criteria: fast response - when CRP at day 4 of therapy was 0.8. Results A total of 129 patients were included in the study (median age: 65 years; solid tumors 69%; neutropenia 13%). Good performance status was observed in 62%. The median Charlson comorbidity index was 3 points. Septic shock upon ICU admission was present in 74% of all patients, invasive mechanical ventilation was used in 73% and 27% used dialysis. ICU and hospital mortality rates were 47% and 64%, respectively. Microbiological confirmation was present in 51% of all patients, with a slight predominance of Gram-negative bacteria. A relatively low incidence of multiresistant pathogens (17%) was observed. 31 patients were classified as fast response pattern, 44 as slow response, 39 as nonresponse and 15 as biphasic response. The time-dependent analysis of relative variations of CRP of the four different patterns evolution was statistically different (p < 0.001). The ICU mortality rate was significantly different according to the patterns of response, fast response 12.9%, slow response 43.2%, biphasic response 66.7% and nonresponse 71.8% (p < 0.001). Conclusions Serial evaluation of CRP ratio was useful in the early identification of cancer patients with HCAP with a poor outcome. Besides, the recognition of the patterns of CRP ratio in critically ill patients with cancer could significantly influence the clinical decision-making process at the bedside.publishersversionpublishe