Electrolyte Disturbances in Patients with Dengue Fever

Background: To determine the electrolyte disturbances in patients with dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever.Methods: In this cross-sectional study 110 patients, with dengue fever, were included. Serum electrolytes levels were measured at the fifth and sixth day of fever irrespective of the stage of dengue infection (DF/DHF). Dengue was confirmed by NS1 or IgM/IgG positivity. DHF was labeled as per WHO criteria of Dengue Hemorrhagic fever. Dengue fever was confirmed in 110 patients by NS1 antigen and IgM/IgG positivity by ELISA. Serum sodium, potassium, and chloride concentrations were measured by standard protocols.Results: Average age of patients was 34.02 years with the majority of males (63.6%). Seventy (63.6%) patients were diagnosed as a case of dengue fever (DF) and 40 (34.4%) patients were diagnosed as case of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Out of the total, 82 (74.5%) patients had NS1 positive, 54 (49.1%) patients had IgG positive and 33 (30%) patients had IgM positive. Although serum electrolytes were higher among patients with DHF as compared to DF but the association was insignificant. Conclusion: Hyponatremia was the most common disturbance in patients with Dengue fever as well as in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever. No significant association was found in electrolyte disturbances between patients of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever

Assessment of parameters effectiveness in the reserve estimation methods applicable to coal bed methane reservoirs

The reserve estimation of coal bed methane (CBM) reservoirs is ascertained through the analytical methods (volumetric method, material balance equation and decline curve analysis). However, the adoption of reserve estimation methods depends on exploration stage and availability of the required parameters. This study deals with the analytical assessment of parameters that participate in effecting the reserve estimation of CBM reservoirs through the analytical techniques. The accurate measurement challenges always exist for the parameters which participate in the reserve estimation of the conventional and unconventional reservoirs because of the inclusion of limitations while measurement. Therefore, the impact of that measurement challenge must be assessed. The study specifies the impact of parametric change on the reserve estimation of CBM reservoirs so that the degree of parametric effectiveness is analyzed. Uncertain values are adopted which are associated during the evaluation of input parameters for each method to determine the overall impact on potential of CBM reserves. Results reveal that change in specific parameters considering each method provide relatively more effect on estimation of reserves. Thus, the measurement of parameters must be done accurately for assessing reserves of CBM reservoirs based on available methods.publishedVersio

(2R)-2-Benzene­sulfonamido-2-phenyl­ethanoic acid

In the title compound, C14H13NO4S, the dihedral angle between the aromatic ring planes is 45.52 (18)°. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds lead to chains of mol­ecules propagating in [100] in which the the ring motifs R 2 1(8), R 2 2(8) and R 3 3(11) are apparent. These polymeric chains are linked through C—H⋯O inter­actions

Advances and perspectives on solid oxide fuel cells : From nanotechnology to power electronics devices

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) hold an important place in energy conversion and storage systems due to their fuel flexibility, high efficiency, and environmental sustainability. The scorching temperature (≥800 °C) to operate SOFCs results in shorter life span due to rapid deterioration of accompanying components. Nanomaterials have attained considerable attention in recent years due to their great technological importance in fuel cell technology. Nanoengineering of the architectures of known materials and adopting composite approach can effectively enhance the active sites for electrode reactions. The use of nanotechnology will make SOFCs environment friendly and sustainable through green manufacturing processes of nanotechnology. Overviews of the contributions of nanotechnology and power electronics technologies to SOFCs, the transition of SOFCs from macro- to nanotechnology, the significance of nanomaterials in SOFCs, dynamic modeling, the function of optimization techniques, and the requirement for power electronics converters in SOFCs are all provided in this piece of work. The applications of SOFCs in different sectors, prominent institutes/labs and companies involved in SOFCs’ research, future challenges, and perspectives are also highlighted.© 2023 The Authors. Energy Technology published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed

Response of People with Type 1 Diabetes for Follow Up

Diabetes is becoming a global epidemic. Type1 diabetes (T1DM) accounts for 3-5% of all the diabetics. As T1DM is diagnosed in childhood and adolescence, it is associated with more complications because of longer life span of individuals with this condition. The main objective of the study was to find out attitudes of people with type 1 diabetes especially with regards to their follow up. A cross-sectional study was planned and a total of 97 people with type 1 diabetes were included for a period of one year. To analyze the data SPSS 20.0 version was used. Results showed that out of 97 people, 48 (49.5%) were male and 49 (50.5%) were female. The mean age of total type 1 diabetics were 17.03±6.54 years. Mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was 10.59±3.09. The results revealed that 45% of people showed positive attitude and 55% showed negative behavior towards follow-up. It was concluded that overall follow up of people with type 1 diabetes was poor. It was observed that they wanted a complete cure and this contribute to missed follow up

Prevalence of Muscle Dysmorphia and Associated Health Activities in Male Medical Students in Karachi, Pakistan

Background: Muscle Dysmorphia (MD) is a subtype of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and is currently classified under anxiety disorders (subheading: Obsessive-compulsive disorder) in DSM 5. MD is hypothesized to affect the self-esteem and social outlook of the younger generation. MD shows a higher rate in males and may influence their self-confidence rendering them more prone towards using steroids, supplementary proteins and other drugs to alter their physical outlooks as shown in previous studies. This problem has been on the rise lately due to revolutionary advancement in the media and film industry and the abrupt changes about the standards of physical good looks and body shapes. With the lack of studies done in our population, our study will be helpful to consider the prevalence of the disease in our setting and increase awareness in the general public and clinicians. We hope to help clinicians/ therapists find better options in managing the disease. Materials: We performed a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 246 medical school students in Karachi to collect data through self-administered questionnaires. We used the DSM 5 criteria for the diagnosis of BDD and additional questions on the presence of MD. Nutritional habits, exercise routines, use of supplements and drugs were also obtained for exploratory analysis. Results: Our study predicted the prevalence of MD to be 25%. Other main findings included statistical significant associations between MD and the thoughts and practice of steroid use for muscularity. Conclusion: MD is an underdiagnosed and often unrecognized disease that we believe has significant consequences for the young male population. Further work is needed on this in our part of the world. Our research, we believe, can be a stepping stone for further studies that would incorporate wider populations

Fraxinus

Fraxinus, a member of the Oleaceae family, commonly known as ash tree is found in northeast Asia, north America, east and western France, China, northern areas of Pakistan, India, and Afghanistan. Chemical constituents of Fraxinus plant include various secoiridoids, phenylethanoids, flavonoids, coumarins, and lignans; therefore, it is considered as a plant with versatile biological and pharmacological activities. Its tremendous range of pharmacotherapeutic properties has been well documented including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective. In addition, its bioactive phytochemicals and secondary metabolites can be effectively used in cosmetic industry and as a competent antiaging agent. Fraxinus presents pharmacological effectiveness by targeting the novel targets in several pathological conditions, which provide a spacious therapeutic time window. Our aim is to update the scientific research community with recent endeavors with specifically highlighting the mechanism of action in different diseases. This potentially efficacious pharmacological drug candidate should be used for new drug discovery in future. This review suggests that this plant has extremely important medicinal utilization but further supporting studies and scientific experimentations are mandatory to determine its specific intracellular targets and site of action to completely figure out its pharmacological applications