Meta Learning-Based Dynamic Ensemble Model for Crop Selection

Agricultural sector is working for optimal crop yield toward securing a sustainable food supply for the world. Fast growth in precision agriculture helps farmers to increase their yields by extending the era of machine-learning techniques. However, in organic and inorganic farming, predicting yield is an open issue that dominantly depends on the presence of soil nutrients. The lack of knowledge about the richness of land nutrients deals with the crop selection problem. Therefore, the proposed work extended the idea of a dynamic ensemble model for imbalanced multi-class nutrient data. In this work, an attempt is being made to include a novel customized voting strategy for deciding the final class output from the ensemble model. As an initial step, a well-known ranking technique, VIKOR, is applied over land nutrients to extract the most informative land samples. The rationale is to reduce the complexity of the ensemble model by determining only informative land samples for further classification. Furthermore, the meta-learning approach of dynamic ensemble selection accounts for multi-criterion-based competent classifier selection as meta-classifiers. These meta-classifiers decide on ensemble formation with the customized voting strategy to classify the right crop for the test land. To investigate nutrient richness, real-time soil and water nutrient data are collected from the soil testing laboratory, which covers different spatial data. Our experiments on six popular DES algorithms over nutrient data reveal the proposed algorithm’s outperformance in specificity, sensitivity, BCA, Multi-Area under Curve, and precision. Moreover, the lesser computational time of the proposed work indicates the model’s efficiency toward suitable crop selection

Dental Undergraduate Students View Towards Orthodontic Treatment Based on a Questionnaire Study

Perception and Knowledge of orthodontic treatment are pre-requisite for orthodontic treatment-related behavior. Adolescence is the time when a person attains knowledge including the self-awareness about his or her oral health. Hence if proper knowledge is instilled during this time, it will be effective. The aim of this study was to compare the knowledge and perception of dental undergraduates toward orthodontic treatment. This is a descriptive cross-sectional single-center questionnaire study, carried among 449 dental students of dental college among 1st years, 2nd years, 3rd years, final years, and interns at Chengalpet district aged between 18 and 27 years, respectively. The questionnaires consisted of seven knowledge-based and five perception-based questions related to orthodontic treatment. Each question had three answers “yes” “no” and “don’t know.” The data were collected through google forms and total responses were calculated. The mean percentage was calculated and compared between 5 years. The results showed that percentage of knowledge and perception for 1st years, 2nd years, 3rd years, final years and interns increases as they progress from 1st year through internship. Overall the study showed that dental students had good knowledge and perception towards orthodontic treatment but varies among years. First years and 2nd years had lesser knowledge compared to 3rd years. Third year had lesser knowledge compared to final years and interns. Interns and final years have more knowledge compared to 1st years, 2nd years, and 3rd years. Subjects who were in lower age group comprising of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd years showed less knowledge and perception compared to higher age group subjects present in final years and interns towards orthodontic treatment

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Not AvailableThe moribund shrimps were exhibiting yellow discoloration of the cephalothorax, blackening of gills and ulcers in the uropod and telson region. PCR for OIE listed viral pathogens ruled out known viral infections. No bacteria was present in haemolymph however, low level of Vibrios i.e. Vibrio harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus was found both in the water collected from the broodstock tanks and affected tissue region. Histopathological examination of affected tissues revealed presence of highly invasive fungal hyphae both by routine and specific fungal stain. PCR amplification of the ITS region (approximately 900 bp) and sequencing confirmed presence of Pythium insidiosum. Phylogenetic analysis of this isolate placed it among the environmental isolates.NFD

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<em>Pythium insidiosum</em> as a new opportunistic fungal pathogen for Pacific white shrimp, <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>

1036-1041The moribund shrimps were exhibiting yellow discoloration of the cephalothorax, blackening of gills and ulcers in the uropod and telson region. PCR for OIE listed viral pathogens ruled out known viral infections. No bacteria was present in haemolymph however, low level of Vibrios i.e. Vibrio harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus was found both in the water collected from the broodstock tanks and affected tissue region. Histopathological examination of affected tissues revealed presence of highly invasive fungal hyphae both by routine and specific fungal stain. PCR amplification of the ITS region (approximately 900 bp) and sequencing confirmed presence of Pythium insidiosum. Phylogenetic analysis of this isolate placed it among the environmental isolates