APLIKASI BERBAGAI DOSIS Beauveria bassiana DALAM SUBSTRAT JAGUNG UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN Etiella zinckenella Treitschke (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) PADA TANAMAN KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Beauveria bassiana merupakan cendawan entomopatogen yang dapat menginfeksi berbagai jenis serangga hama dan merupakan cendawan yang mudah diperbanyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dosis B.bassiana dalam substrat jagung yang paling efektif dalam menekan populasi dan mengendalikan serangan penggerek polong E.zinckenella pada kacang tanah. Perbanyakan cendawan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pengendalian Hayati Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas, dan penanaman kacang tanah serta aplikasi B.bassiana di Kebun Percobaan BPTP, Kecamatan Rambatan, Kabupaten Tanah Datar dari bulan Juni hingga Oktober 2017. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan faktor perlakuan berbagai tingkat dosis B.bassiana. Dosis terdiri dari 0 g (kontrol), 10 g, 20 g, 30 g, dan 40 g. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pemberian B.bassiana dalam berbagai tingkat dosis tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah larva E.zinckenella pada polong kacang tanah, jumlah larva E.zinckenella per tanaman pada umur 10 MST sebesar 12,62 larva sedangkan pada 13 MST jumlah larva E.zinckenella sebesar 1,24 larva. Pemberian B.bassiana juga tidak berpengaruh terhadap persentase tanaman terserang, persentase polong terserang per tanaman, persentase kehilangan hasil, dan jumlah bunga dan ginofor kacang tanah. Kata kunci : aplikasi, Beauveria bassiana, cendawan entomopatogen, dosis, Etiella zinckenella

High-frequency Near-field Physeter macrocephalus Monitoring by Stereo-Autoencoder and 3D Model of Sonar Organ

International audiencePassive acoustics allow us to study large animals and obtain information that could not be gathered through other methods. In this paper we study a set of near-field audiovisual recordings of a sperm whale pod, acquired with a ultra high-frequency and small aperture antenna. We propose a novel kind of autoencoder, a Stereo-Autoencoder, and show how it allows to build acoustic manifolds in order to increase our knowledge regarding the characterization of their vocalizations, and possible acoustic individual signature

On Hokusai's great wave off Kanagawa: Localization, linearity and a rogue wave in sub-antarctic waters

International audienceThe Hokusai woodcut entitled The great wave off Kanagawa has been interpreted as an unusually large storm wave, likely to be classed as a rogue wave, and possibly generated from nonlinear wave dynamics (J. H. E. Cartwright and H. Nakamura, Notes Rec. R. Soc. 63, 119-135 (2009)). In this paper, we present a complementary discussion of this hypothesis, discussing in particular how linear and nonlinear mechanisms can both contribute to the emergence of rogue wave events. By making reference to the Great wave's simultaneous transverse and longitudinal localization, we show that the purely linear mechanism of directional focusing also predicts characteristics consistent with those of the Great wave. In addition, we discuss the properties of a particular rogue wave photographed on the open ocean in sub-Antarctic waters, which shows two-dimensional localization and breaking dynamics remarkably similar to Hokusai's depiction in the woodcut

Gli insetti al servizio degli inquirenti

Per molti anni gli insetti che popolavano la superficie e gli orifizi dei cadaveri sono stati considerati solo una presenza poco gradevole del lavoro dei medici legali e delle Forze dell'Ordine coinvolte nelle indagini inerenti a crimini violenti. Ma come gli intriganti romanzi di Deawer e della Cornwell ci hanno insegnato, gli insetti costituiscono dei silenziosi custodi di preziosi informazioni sull'accadimento di fatti a volte inspiegabili. Tuttavia mentre le varie branche delle scienze criminalistiche (la biologia, la balistica, la chimica, ecc.) hanno avuto nel tempo una crescita esponenziale, affinando tecniche e metodologie, lo studio degli insetti associati alla scena criminis è stato, nel nostro Paese per molto tempo sottovalutato o addirittura ignorato. L'Entomologia Forense è un ramo della zoologia dedicata allo studio degli insetti e di altri artropodi, dal cui esame è possibile ricavare elementi decisivi per la persecuzione di un reato. Negli ultimi anni tale disciplina ha visto crescere l'interesse da parte degli scienziati forensi, dei Medici Legali e delle Forze dell'Ordine, soprattutto in Europa e negli USA, dove esistono figure professionali specialistiche che affiancano la magistratura inquirente nella risoluzione di casi di morti sospette ed altri reati accomunati dalla presenza di insetti. Purtroppo in Italia solo da pochi anni si è sviluppato l'interesse verso la materia e ancora oggi gli entomologi forensi non lavorano sistematicamente accanto agli organi di Giustizia. Lo scopo del presente lavoro è una disamina delle potenzialità dell'Entomologia Forense e delle relative applicazioni come strumento spesso determinante per la risoluzione di intriganti e complessi casi giudiziari

El método de Bertram para la determinación de ácidos saturados en materiales grasos

Fil: Sarano, Bolisa Elisa. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina

When to use stress echocardiography in the evaluation of patients with valvular heart disease

Stress testing and stress echocardiography are firmly established diagnostic tests in the evaluation of patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease, but less established in the evaluation of patients with valvular heart disease. However, there is emerging data supporting the incremental benefit of stress testing and stress echocardiography in patients with known valvular heart disease. Particular applications include hemodynamic assessment of valve function and pulmonary response during exercise induced or chemically-induced stress to correlate with the patient’s exertional symptoms. In addition, stress testing affords the opportunity for functional assessment of ventricular systolic function for prognostication and planning for surgery

Determinants of Pulmonary Hypertension in Left Ventricular Dysfunction

AbstractObjectives. This study sought to analyze the determinants of pulmonary hypertension in patients with left ventricular dysfunction.Background. Pulmonary hypertension in patients with left ventricular dysfunction is a predictor of poor outcome. The independent role of cardiac functional abnormalities in the genesis of pulmonary hypertension is unclear.Methods. In 102 consecutive patients with primary left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction <50%), systolic pulmonary artery pressure was prospectively measured by Doppler echocardiography (using tricuspid regurgitant velocity), and left ventricular systolic and diastolic function, functional mitral regurgitation, cardiac output and left atrial volume were quantified.Results. Systolic pulmonary artery pressure was elevated in patients with left ventricular dysfunction (51 ± 14 mm Hg [mean ± SD]), but the range was wide (23 to 87 mm Hg). Of the numerous variables correlating significantly with systolic pulmonary artery pressure, the strongest were mitral deceleration time (r = −0.61, p = 0.0001; odds ratio of pulmonary pressure ≥50 mm Hg [95% confidence interval] if <150 ms, 48.8 [14.8 to 161]) and mitral effective regurgitant orifice (r = 0.50, p = 0.0001; odds ratio [95% confidence interval] if ≥20 mm2, 5.9 [2.3 to 15.5]). In multivariate analysis, these two variables were the strongest predictors of systolic pulmonary artery pressure in association with age (p = 0.005). Ejection fraction or end-systolic volume was not an independent predictor of pulmonary artery pressure.Conclusions. Pulmonary hypertension is frequent and highly variable in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. It is not independently related to the degree of left ventricular systolic dysfunction but is strongly associated with diastolic dysfunction (shorter mitral deceleration time) and the degree of functional mitral regurgitation (larger effective regurgitant orifice). These results emphasize the importance of assessing diastolic function and quantifying mitral regurgitation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction.(J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;29:153–9)

Degenerative mitral valve regurgitation: best practice revolution

Degenerative mitral valve disease often leads to leaflet prolapse due to chordal elongation or rupture, and resulting in mitral valve regurgitation. Guideline referral for surgical intervention centres primarily on symptoms and ventricular dysfunction. The recommended treatment for degenerative mitral valve disease is mitral valve reconstruction, as opposed to valve replacement with a bioprosthetic or mechanical valve, because valve repair is associated with improved event free survival. Recent studies have documented a significant number of patients are not referred in a timely fashion according to established guidelines, and when they are subjected to surgery, an alarming number of patients continue to undergo mitral valve replacement. The debate around appropriate timing of intervention for asymptomatic severe mitral valve regurgitation has put additional emphasis on targeted surgeon referral and the need to ensure a very high rate of mitral valve repair, particularly in the non-elderly population. Current clinical practice remains suboptimal for many patients, and this review explores the need for a ‘best practice revolution’ in the field of degenerative mitral valve regurgitation

Amplitude-weighted mean velocity: Clinical utilization for quantitation of mitral regurgitation

AbstractObjectives. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical usefulness of the amplitude-weighted mean velocity method for quantitation of mitral regurgitation.Background. Amplitude-weighted mean velocity is a nonvolumetric method for calculating the mitral regurgitant fraction. Its previous validation at one center mandated an independent assessment of its usefulness and limitations.Methods. In 56 patients with and 16 patients without mitral regugitation, the regurgitant fraction was measured simultaneously by amplitude-weighted mean velocity, quantitative Doppler study and quantitative two-dimensional echocardiography. In 16 patients, multiple gain settings were used to determine the influence of this variable on amplitude-weighted mean velocity.Results. In ptients without regurgitation, amplitude-weighted mean velocity showed more scattering of regurgitant fraction (−18% to 23%) than Doppler (p = 0.016) or two-dimensional echocardiography (p = 0.022). The absolute value of regurgitant fraction was (mean ± SD) 8 ± 6%, 4 ± 2% and 4 ± 3%, respectively (p = NS). With increasing gain, the amplitudeweighted mean velocity mitral and aortic integrals increased, but the calculated regurgitant fraction remained unchanged. In patients with mitral regurgitation, significant correlation was found between amplitude-weighted mean velocity and Doppler study (r = 0.79, p = 0.0001) and between implitude-weighted mean velocity and two-dimensional echocardiography (r = 0.76, p = 0.0001) for calculated regurgitant fraction, but the standard error of the estimate (12%) was large.Conclusions. The amplitude-weighted mean velocitycalculated regurgitant fraction is gain independent, whereas the aortic and mitral integrals are gain dependent. Compared with Doppler and two-dimensional echocardiography, It shows more scattering of values in patients without regurgitation, but the methods correlate significantly in patients with mitral regurgitation. Amplitude-weighted mean velocity can be used as a simple adjunctive tool for comprehensive, noninvasive quantitation of mitral regurgitation