1,310 research outputs found
Heterocyclic Polymers Perspectives in Nanolayers of Donor Acceptor Heterojunction for Organic Photovoltaic Application
In this work new polymers for organic photovoltaic that are stable to aggressive external environment
influence are discussed. Heterocyclic βladderβ structure polymers poly(perylenebenzimidazole- with oxygen
bridge between monomer units) (PPBI-O) and poly(naphthoylene benzimidazole β with oxygen bridge between
monomer units) (PNBI-O) were studied as potential alternative to poly-3-methyl hexyl thiophene
(P3HT) and fullerene {6, 6} -phenyl-C (61) butyric acid (PCBM). This subject is of current interest for goal
of reducing cost and time for organic solar cells, where one of the main problems is still high cost of donor
and acceptor synthesis. Solar cells based on new polymers were produced. Even after first device investigations
it is detected that he electrical resistivity level and device efficiency is also comparable with the target
analogue for comparison P3HT.
The possibility of molecular structural design provides a wide field for engineers to generate interest to
heterocyclic structures based on die-perylene and naphthoyl, the possible combinations for the superposition
of the absorption spectra. From this point of view, the creation of optically active polymers based on
polybenzomidazofenantroline (PBF), 1, 4, 5, 8- naphthalene tetracarboxylic and 3, 4, 9, 10- perylenetetracarboxylic
acids opens new opportunities in this important field of science and technology. The results are
high absorption in visible spectrum and ability of morphology improvement. Advantages in the optical
properties PPBI-O and PNBI-O above the target prototype P3HT, namely a peak absorption in the region
of 555 nm to 700 nm red edge are detected
Metal-insulator transition in the In/Si(111) surface
The metal-insulator transition observed in the In/Si(111)-4x1 reconstruction
is studied by means of ab initio calculations of a simplified model of the
surface. Different surface bands are identified and classified according to
their origin and their response to several structural distortions. We support
the, recently proposed [New J. of Phys. 7 (2005) 100], combination of a shear
and a Peierls distortions as the origin of the metal-insulator transition. Our
results also seem to favor an electronic driving force for the transition.Comment: Presented in the 23 European Conference in Surface Science, Berlin,
September 2005. Submitted to Surface Science (proceedings of the conference)
in August 200
Film Growth Based on an Organic Basis for Photovoltaic p-Cells
The main measured parameters characterizing the solar cell are its photocurrent and fluorescence under
the influence of electromagnetic radiation of the solar spectrum β derivatives of a number of elementary
processes in the cell and determining the complex mechanism of its functioning.
The main issue is to determine the allowable concentration of the polymer and the acceptor, allowing to
obtain a film having a desired density and at the same time, the thickness, the optimum from the point of
view of the diffusion length and the probability of dissociation of the intermediate particles with the formation
of free charge carriers. From a comparison of the synthesized samples micrographs it can be concluded
that the polymer concentration of 12.5 g/l gives a sufficiently dense and relatively uniform film
without substantial amounts of undissolved polymer
CH3NH3PBI3 IV Output Parameters Degradation Investigation
Organic photovoltaics, based on hybrid inorganic organic optoelectronic perovskites, with structure alkali-
metal- halide are the newest emerging technology in the third generation development. Despite tremendous
efficiency records, more than 21 %, optoelectronic perovskitesβ instability prevents their commercialization
and mass production. Issues with degradation are caused by various types of environmental influences.
The main issues with stability and power loss in devices are linked to moisture, oxygen, temperature,
and light-induced structure defects. Initial measurements are taken after long term debugging with
minimal aggressive exposure to environmental conditions. In this case, preliminary degradation studies
begin from measurements of light-induced effects. In this work, we will present the main trends in degradation
of external characteristics during common I-V measurements, in the order of parameters which
were effected the least by environmental factors. This investigation was made on fixed CH3NH3PBI3 solar
cells with standard 1.5 AM testing and initial efficiencies more than 8 %
Film Growth Based on an Organic Basis for Photovoltaic p-Cells
The main measured parameters characterizing the solar cell are its photocurrent and fluorescence under
the influence of electromagnetic radiation of the solar spectrum β derivatives of a number of elementary
processes in the cell and determining the complex mechanism of its functioning.
The main issue is to determine the allowable concentration of the polymer and the acceptor, allowing to
obtain a film having a desired density and at the same time, the thickness, the optimum from the point of
view of the diffusion length and the probability of dissociation of the intermediate particles with the formation
of free charge carriers. From a comparison of the synthesized samples micrographs it can be concluded
that the polymer concentration of 12.5 g/l gives a sufficiently dense and relatively uniform film
without substantial amounts of undissolved polymer
CH3NH3PBI3 IV Output Parameters Degradation Investigation
Organic photovoltaics, based on hybrid inorganic organic optoelectronic perovskites, with structure alkali-
metal- halide are the newest emerging technology in the third generation development. Despite tremendous
efficiency records, more than 21 %, optoelectronic perovskitesβ instability prevents their commercialization
and mass production. Issues with degradation are caused by various types of environmental influences.
The main issues with stability and power loss in devices are linked to moisture, oxygen, temperature,
and light-induced structure defects. Initial measurements are taken after long term debugging with
minimal aggressive exposure to environmental conditions. In this case, preliminary degradation studies
begin from measurements of light-induced effects. In this work, we will present the main trends in degradation
of external characteristics during common I-V measurements, in the order of parameters which
were effected the least by environmental factors. This investigation was made on fixed CH3NH3PBI3 solar
cells with standard 1.5 AM testing and initial efficiencies more than 8 %
Imaging of Perovskite Photoactive Layer Cross-Section by Atomic Force Microscopy
The volume structure of photoactive layer has critical influence on perovskite solar cell performance and life time. In this study the perovskite photoactive layer cross-section was prepared by using Focused Ion Beam (FIB) and imaged by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) methods (Fig. 16). Two different types of perovskite layers were investigated: FAPbBr3 and MAPbBr3
Study of the self-organization of atoms and molecules on the surface of silicon and germanium by means of scanning tunneling microscopy
Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ» (ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ Β«ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·Ρ Π²Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Β») Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ½Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°, Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ.Among the various approaches in recent years, much attention of researchers has been attracted to the creation of nanostructures from individual atoms and molecules (the so-called bottom-up technology) using self-organization mechanisms. The report will present the possibilities of scanning tunneling microscopy for studying the topography of a surface, its composition, atomic and local electronic structure. The main attention will be paid to the quantitative aspects of the methods and accuracy of measurements
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