Two Absolute Index-Summability Methods

In this paper we have established a relation between the Summability methods an

LOCAL PROPERTY OF A FACTORED FOURIER SERIES USING ABSOLUTE NORLUND INDEXED-SUMMABILITY

In this paper we have established a theorem on the local property of absolute Norlund indexed-summability of  Factored Fourier series

Medicinal uses of few edible tuber crops by “Dongria Kandha” tribes of Kandhamal district of Odisha, India

122-131This paper describes the systematic study of root and tuber crops consumed by “Dongria Kandha” tribes of two blocks of “Kandhamal” district of Odisha. Periodic surveys were conducted in 25 villages of these two blocks regarding the methods of uses of different wild and cultivated edible tuber crops. Total seven types of edible tuber crops were consumed by this tribe. As no specific reports are available on the tuber crops consumed as food and medicine by this tribe, therefore documentation of tuber crops relating to the methods of uses, along with the morphological parameters were recorded. During survey 10 species of Dioscorea genus were found to be consumed as food as well as medicine to cure various ailments. Among them two species were found to be bitter in taste and unpalatable when consumed raw. Various methods were applied by the tribes to make the tubers palatable. The methods of consumption of ten species of Dioscorea along with the medicinal uses to treat various diseases were described in this article. Therefore these crops are valued for food security and also play a vital role towards diminishing rural poverty as well as have significant contribution towards curing of various diseases

Frequent JJ decoupling is the main origin of AC losses in the superconducting state

The origins of AC losses in the high Tc superconductors are not addressed adequately in literature. We found out, frequent Josephson Junction (JJ) decoupling (both intergranular and the interlayer) due to the flow of AC current is one of the main origins of the AC losses in high Tc superconductors. We have determined the AC losses in superconductors in the rf range by measuring the absolute value of non-resonant rf power absorbed by the samples. Our data shows that under certain conditions when both the number density of JJs present in the sample and the JJ critical current cross a threshold value, AC losses in the superconducting state keeps on increasing with decreasing temperature below Tc. The underlying mechanism is an interesting interplay of JJ coupling energy and the amplitude of rf voltage applied to the sample. The effect of an applied magnetic field, variation of rf frequency and temperature were studied in detail. To find out the exact relation between the JJ coupling energy, JJ number density, applied AC frequency, the amplitude of AC current and the AC losses in superconductors, we have studied samples of different crystalline properties, different grain sizes, pressurized with different pressure and sintered at different physical and chemical situations. The implementations of these results are discussed. These results have important implications for the understanding of the origin of AC losses and characterization of superconducting samples. In this paper we also extend the capability of the AC losses studies in superconductors for the characterization of materials for device applications.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figure

A Wave-function for Stringy Universes

We define a wave-function for string theory cosmological backgrounds. We give a prescription for computing its norm following an earlier analysis within general relativity. Under Euclidean continuation, the cosmologies we discuss in this paper are described in terms of compact parafermionic worldsheet systems. To define the wave-function we provide a T-fold description of the parafermionic conformal field theory, and of the corresponding string cosmology. In specific examples, we compute the norm of the wave-function and comment on its behavior as a function of moduli.Comment: 30 pages, 3 figures, v3: references adde

Response of wheat cultivars to foliar potassium fertilization under irrigated saline environment

A field experiment with split-split plot design (SSPD) was conducted to study the response of two winter wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) cultivars (viz. salt tolerant cultivar KRL-1-4 and salt non-tolerant cultivar HD-2894) under saline irrigation regimes with and without foliar potassium fertilization on growth and grain yield of wheat during rabi 2011-12 and 2012-13. Potassium in the ratio of K+: Na+ (1: 10) was applied as foliar application during the heading stage of the crop. Results showed that the grain yield of KRL-1-4 and HD-2894 cultivars with foliar potassium fertilization at the heading stage increased by 6.5 to 22% and 3 to 15% during rabi 2011-2012, respectively under different saline irrigation regimes as compared to the control. Moreover, the results of rabi 2012-13 showed an increase in grain yield ranging from 4.5 to 20% for KRL-1-4 as compared to the control. Statistical analysis of grain yield parameter showed that the foliar potassium application in both varieties resulted in significant yield difference at 0.05 probability level as compared to the non-foliar application. Overall, it was observed that the foliar potassium fertilization increased the grain yield of both wheat cultivars, while the salt tolerant cultivar performed better than the salt non-tolerant cultivar under irrigated saline regimes

Nonresonant microwave absorption in epitaxial La-Sr-Mn-O films and its relation to colossal magnetoresistance

We study magnetic-field-dependent nonresonant microwave absorption and dispersion in thin La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_{3}$ films and show that it originates from the colossal magnetoresistance. We develop the model for magnetoresistance of a thin ferromagnetic film in oblique magnetic field. The model accounts fairly well for our experimental findings, as well as for results of other researchers. We demonstrate that nonresonant microwave absorption is a powerful technique that allows contactless measurement of magnetic properties of thin films, including magnetoresistance, anisotropy field and coercive field.Comment: 20 pages, 11 figure

Is Brane Inflation Eternal?

In this paper, we show that eternal inflation of the random walk type is generically absent in the brane inflationary scenario. Depending on how the brane inflationary universe originated, eternal inflation of the false vacuum type is still quite possible. Since the inflaton is the position of the D3-brane relative to the anti-D3-brane inside the compactified bulk with finite size, its value is bounded. In DBI inflation, the warped space also restricts the amplitude of the scalar fluctuation. These upper bounds impose strong constraints on the possibility of eternal inflation. We find that eternal inflation due to the random walk of the inflaton field is absent in both the KKLMMT slow roll scenario and the DBI scenario. A more careful analysis for the slow-roll case is also presented using the Langevin equation, which gives very similar results. We discuss possible ways to obtain eternal inflation of the random walk type in brane inflation. In the multi-throat brane inflationary scenario, the branes may be generated by quantum tunneling and roll out the throat. Eternal inflation of the false vacuum type inevitably happens in this scenario due to the tunneling process. Since these scenarios have different cosmological predictions, more data from the cosmic microwave background radiation will hopefully select the specific scenario our universe has gone through.Comment: 32 pages; v2: references and comments adde

Cosmological Landscape From Nothing: Some Like It Hot

We suggest a novel picture of the quantum Universe -- its creation is described by the {\em density matrix} defined by the Euclidean path integral. This yields an ensemble of universes -- a cosmological landscape -- in a mixed state which is shown to be dynamically more preferable than the pure quantum state of the Hartle-Hawking type. The latter is dynamically suppressed by the infinitely large positive action of its instanton, generated by the conformal anomaly of quantum fields within the cosmological bootstrap (the self-consistent back reaction of hot matter). This bootstrap suggests a solution to the problem of boundedness of the on-shell cosmological action and eliminates the infrared catastrophe of small cosmological constant in Euclidean quantum gravity. The cosmological landscape turns out to be limited to a bounded range of the cosmological constant $\Lambda_{\rm min}\leq \Lambda \leq \Lambda_{\rm max}$. The domain $\Lambda<\Lambda_{\rm min}$ is ruled out by the back reaction effect which we analyze by solving effective Euclidean equations of motion. The upper cutoff is enforced by the quantum effects of vacuum energy and the conformal anomaly mediated by a special ghost-avoidance renormalization of the effective action. They establish a new quantum scale $\Lambda_{\rm max}$ which is determined by the coefficient of the topological Gauss-Bonnet term in the conformal anomaly. This scale is realized as the upper bound -- the limiting point of an infinite sequence of garland-type instantons which constitute the full cosmological landscape. The dependence of the cosmological constant range on particle phenomenology suggests a possible dynamical selection mechanism for the landscape of string vacua.Comment: Final version, to appear in JCA