Genomics of Serratia marcescens isolates causing outbreaks in the same pediatric unit 47 years apart: Position in an updated phylogeny of the species

The first documented nosocomial outbreak caused by Serratia marcescens in Spain occurred in 1969 at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the tertiary La Paz Children’s Hospital in Madrid, Spain, and based on the available phenotyping techniques at this time, it was considered as a monoclonal outbreak. Only 47 years later, another S. marcescens outbreak of an equivalent dimension occurred at the same NICU. The aim of the present study was to study isolates from these historical and contemporary outbreaks by phenotypic analysis and whole-genome sequencing techniques and to position these strains along with 444 publicly available S. marcescens genomes, separately comparing core genome and accessory genome contents. Clades inferred by both approaches showed high correlation, indicating that core and accessory genomes seem to evolve in the same manner for S. marcescens. Nine S. marcescens clusters were identified, and isolates were grouped in two of them according to sampling year. One exception was isolate 13F-69, the most genetically distant strain, located in a different cluster. Categorical functions in the annotated accessory genes of both collections were preserved among all isolates. No significant differences in frequency of insertion sequences in historical (0.18–0.20)—excluding the outlier strain—versus contemporary isolates (0.11–0.19) were found despite the expected resting effect. The most dissimilar isolate, 13F-69, contains a highly preserved plasmid previously described in Bordetella bronchiseptica. This strain exhibited a few antibiotic resistance genes not resulting in a resistant phenotype, suggesting the value of gene down expression in adaptation to long-term starvation.CS was supported by “Fundación Mutua Madrileña” grant to RC achieved in 2017 call with reference number AP165902017. MP-A was supported by the Programa Operativo de Empleo Juvenil, cofinanced by the European Social Fund Investing in your future (ESF) and ERDF (PEJD-2018-PRE/BMD-8237). BP-V was funded by H2020 FTIPilot 2016 project no. 730713 “FAST-bact “A novel fast and automated test for antibiotic susceptibility testing for Gram positive and negative bacteria” and co-funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF, “A way to achieve Europe”). FB was supported by grants from the Madrid Regional Government (InGEMICS-C; S2017/BMD-3691) and CIBER (CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP; CB06/02/0053), co-funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF, “A way to achieve Europe”). This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, PI17/00115 (RC), and REIPI (RD16/0016/0011) actions, cofinanced by the European Development Regional Fund “A way to achieve Europe” (ERDF

Statistical Evaluation of Metaproteomics and 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing Techniques for Study of Gut Microbiota Establishment in Infants with Cystic Fibrosis

Newborn screening for cystic fibrosis (CF) can identify affected but asymptomatic infants. The selection of omic technique for gut microbiota study is crucial due to both the small amount of feces available and the low microorganism load. Our aims were to compare the agreement between 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and metaproteomics by a robust statistical analysis, including both presence and abundance of taxa, to describe the sequential establishment of the gut microbiota during the first year of life in a small size sample (8 infants and 28 fecal samples). The taxonomic assignations by the two techniques were similar, whereas certain discrepancies were observed in the abundance detection, mostly the lower predicted relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and the higher predicted relative abundance of certain Firmicutes and Proteobacteria by amplicon sequencing. During the first months of life, the CF gut microbiota is characterized by a significant enrichment of Ruminococcus gnavus, the expression of certain virulent bacterial traits, and the detection of human inflammation-related proteins. Metaproteomics provides information on composition and functionality, as well as data on host-microbiome interactions. Its strength is the identification and quantification of Actinobacteria and certain classes of Firmicutes, but alpha diversity indices are not comparable to those of amplicon sequencing. Both techniques detected an aberrant microbiota in our small cohort of infants with CF during their first year of life, dominated by the enrichment of R. gnavus within a human inflammatory environment. IMPORTANCE In recent years, some techniques have been incorporated for the study of microbial ecosystems, being 16S rRNA gene sequencing being the most widely used. Metaproteomics provides the advantage of identifying the interaction between microorganisms and human cells, but the available databases are less extensive as well as imprecise. Few studies compare the statistical differences between the two techniques to define the composition of an ecosystem. Our work shows that the two methods are comparable in terms of microorganism identification but provide different results in alpha diversity analysis. On the other hand, we have studied newborns with cystic fibrosis, for whom we have described the establishment of an intestinal ecosystem marked by the inflammatory response of the host and the enrichment of Ruminococcus gnavus

Saltando hacia la salud : Salta sonríe con Boquitas Saludables

Objetivo general del proyecto: Crear un vinculo de interacción reciproca entre la comunidad y los integrantes del proyecto con la finalidad de promover, elevar y sostener los niveles de salud en la comunidad de manera que se mantengan en el tiempo, utilizando técnicas preventivas y curativas que garanticen la permanencia y replicabilidad del mensaje de salud en la comunidad.Facultad de Odontologí

Reseñas

ALEXANDER FIDORA, Domingo Gundisalino y la teoría de la ciencia arábico-aristotélica. CHARLES BURNETT / JOSÉ MEIRINHOS / JACQUELINE HAMESSE (ed), Continuities and Disruptions between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. ARISTÓTELES, Ética a Nicómaco, trad. RUS RUFINO / J. E. MEABE. RUBÉN PERETÓ RIVAS (ed), La antropología cisterciense del siglo XII. A. FIDORA / J. FRIED / M. LUTZ-BACHMANN / L. SCHORN-SCHÜTTE (eds), Politischer Aristotelismus und Religion in Mittelalter und Früher Neuzeit. IGNA MARION KRAMP, Renovamini spiritu / Ernüwent den geist üwers gemütes. Deutsche Übersetzungen als Modernisierung im späten Mitealter. THIERRY DE CHARTRES, Tratado de la obra de los seis días, ed. MARÍA PILAR GARCÍA RUIZ / ELISABETH REINHARDT. BOECIO, De las divisiones, ed. Bilingüe JUAN JOSÉ GARCÍA NORRO / ROGELIO ROVIRA. HERIBERT BOEDER, Topología de la metafísica: la época media, trad. MARTÍN ZUBIRÍA. BEVERLY MAYNE KIENZLE, Hildegard of Bingen and her Gospel Homilies. Speaking New Mysteries. WERNER BEIERWALTES, Eriúgena. Rasgos fundamentals de su pensamiento. ÉTIENNE GILSON, Juan Duns Escoto. Introducción a sus posiciones fundamentals (trad. P. E. CORONA). L. HONNEFELDER / H. MÖHLE / S. BULLIDO DEL BARRIO (eds), Via Alberti: Texte-Quellen-Interpretationen. JERÓNIMO SAVONAROLA, Tratado acerca del régimen y gobierno de la ciudad de Florencia (v. esp. R. MAZZITELLI / C. RACANELLI). BERNARDO BAYONA AZNAR, El origen del Estado laico desde la Edad Media. DANIEL MANSUY HUERTA, Naturaleza y comunidad. Una aproximación a la recepción medieval de la Política: Tomás de Aquino y Nicolás de Oresme. MERIO SCATTOLA, Teología política. Léxico de política, trad. H. CARDOSO. WILFRIED HARTMANN, Kirche und Kirchenrecht um 900: Die Bedeutung der spätkarolingischen Zeit für Tradition und Innovation im kirchlichen Recht. VASILEIOS SYROS, Die Rezeption der aristotelischen politischen Philosophie bei Marsilius von Padua. Eine Untersuchung zur ersten Diktion des Defensor Pacis

Strain-specific predation of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a higher range for cystic fibrosis than for bacteremia isolates

7 p.-1 fig.This work aimed to evaluate the predatory activity of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J on clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa selected from well-characterized collections of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung colonization (n = 30) and bloodstream infections (BSI) (n = 48) including strains selected by genetic lineage (frequent and rare sequence types), antibiotic resistance phenotype (susceptible and multidrug-resistant isolates), and colony phenotype (mucoid and non-mucoid isolates). The intraspecies predation range (I-PR) was defined as the proportion of susceptible strains within the entire collection. In contrast, the predation efficiency (PE) is the ratio of viable prey cells remaining after predation compared to the initial inoculum. I-PR was significantly higher for CF (67%) than for BSI P. aeruginosa isolates (35%) probably related to an environmental origin of CF strains whereas invasive strains are more adapted to humans. I-PR correlation with bacterial features such as mucoid morphotype, genetic background, or antibiotic susceptibility profile was not detected. To test the possibility of increasing I-PR of BSI isolates, a polyhydroxyalkanoate depolymerase deficient B. bacteriovorus bd2637 mutant was used. Global median I-PR and PE values remained constant for both predators, but 31.2% of 109J-resistant isolates were susceptible to the mutant, and 22.9% of 109J-susceptible isolates showed resistance to predation by the mutant, pointing to a predator–prey specificity process. The potential use of predators in the clinical setting should be based on the determination of the I-PR for each species, and the PE of each particular target strain.CH is supported by Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (PEJD-2018-POST/BMD-8016). CS is granted by “Fundación Mutua Madrileña” achieved in 2017 call by RDC (AP165902017). SSB is a recipient of a predoctoral FPU grant (FPU17/03978) from the Spanish Ministry of Universities. This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, PI17/00115 and PI20/00164 to RdC, REIPI (RD16/0016/0011) actions, co-financed by the European Development Regional Fund “A way to achieve Europe” (ERDF), and Vertex Pharmaceuticals.Peer reviewe

Sonrisas presentes. Odontología integral : Los cinco niveles de salud presentes en Santiago

Objetivo general del proyecto: Aumentar los niveles de salud mediante actividades preventivas, curativas y rehabilitadoras, recuperando la función y la estética de cada individuo.Facultad de Odontologí

Sonrisas presentes. Odontología integral : Los cinco niveles de salud presentes en Santiago

Objetivo general del proyecto: Aumentar los niveles de salud mediante actividades preventivas, curativas y rehabilitadoras, recuperando la función y la estética de cada individuo.Facultad de Odontologí

Sonrisas presentes. Odontología integral : Los cinco niveles de salud presentes en Santiago

Objetivo general del proyecto: Aumentar los niveles de salud mediante actividades preventivas, curativas y rehabilitadoras, recuperando la función y la estética de cada individuo.Facultad de Odontologí

Incluir para sonreír

Objetivo general del proyecto: Prevenir enfermedades gingivodentales relacionadas con el uso de piercing, con participación comunitaria que garantice un impacto en la salud de la población.Facultad de Odontologí

Incluir para sonreír

Objetivo general del proyecto: Prevenir enfermedades gingivodentales relacionadas con el uso de piercing, con participación comunitaria que garantice un impacto en la salud de la población.Facultad de Odontologí