Desenvolvimento de um “nugget” à base do resíduo da acerola (Malpighia emarginata D.C) e feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L.)/ Development of a nugget based on the acerola residue (Malpighia emarginata D.C) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)

O presente trabalho objetivou elaborar um “nugget” utilizando o resíduo de acerola e o feijão-caupi. Este foi realizado na Universidade Federal do Piauí, no laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Produtos e Análise Sensorial de Alimentos, utilizando uma quantidade de 109 assessores sensoriais. Analisou-se a aceitação do produto por meio dos testes Escala Hedônica, Intenção de Compra e a caracterização deste por meio da Análise Descritiva Quantitativa-ADQ. Observou-se que 95,4% assessores sensoriais avaliaram o produto desenvolvido com notas de aceitação (6 a 9). A análise dos resultados não mostrou diferença significativa (p > 0,05). No teste Intenção de Compra 88% dos assessores sensoriais atribuíram notas 4 (provavelmente compraria) e 5 (certamente compraria). Nos resultados do teste discriminativo Pareado de Preferência, foi possível observar que a preferência pelo produto desenvolvido foi similar à preferência pelo produto padrão. Concluiu-se que o “nugget” desenvolvido obteve ótima aceitação sensorial, pois não observou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa no teste Pareado de Preferência, quando comparado ao “nugget” padrão, já comercializado e com ótima aceitação no mercado

Vaccination coverage and compliance with recommended schedules of conjugated pneumococcal 10-valent vaccine shortly after its introduction in routine immunization in Goiania, GO: a cross-sectional study.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2015-03-24T13:09:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fabricia Oliveira Saraiva - 2014.pdf: 5793430 bytes, checksum: 3be7faa66b91207424f429a13894dddc (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2015-03-24T14:16:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fabricia Oliveira Saraiva - 2014.pdf: 5793430 bytes, checksum: 3be7faa66b91207424f429a13894dddc (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-24T14:16:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Fabricia Oliveira Saraiva - 2014.pdf: 5793430 bytes, checksum: 3be7faa66b91207424f429a13894dddc (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-03Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqFundação de Apoio à Pesquisa - FUNAPEBackground: Pneumococcal 10-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was introduced to the routine immunization in Brazil in 2010. During PCV10 introduction year three schedules were used: (i) children aged ≤6 months: 3 doses + 1 booster; (ii) children aged 7-11 months: 2 doses + 1 booster (2p + 1), and (iii) children 12-15 months: single dose. The aim of this study was to assess vaccination coverage and compliance with recommended schedules after the introduction of PCV10 and to identify the factors associated with greater coverage and compliance. Methods: A household survey was conducted between December 2010 and February 2011 in Goiania, GO, where the PCV10 vaccination started on June, 2010. Systematic sampling was used to recruit 1,237 children. A sociodemographic questionnaire was applied during the home visits; dates of vaccination were obtained from the vaccination card. The child's age at vaccine introduction was calculated for July 14th, 2010 (30 days after the introduction of the vaccine on routine immunization) and the child was retrospectively classified into one of three age groups: ≤6 months, 7-11 months; 12-15 months. Vaccination coverage (percentage of children who received the number of recommended doses) and compliance with schedules (percentage of children who received all valid doses at the recommended time interval) were calculated for all children and for each of the three age groups; prevalence ratios were compared by chi-square test. Log binomial regression (prevalence ratio / PR) was used to identify variables independently associated with vaccination coverage and compliance with recommended schedules. Results: The overall vaccination coverage was 53.4% (95% CI: 50.8-56.2%), varying from 88.3% (12-15 months / single dose) to 39.3% (7-11 months / 2 doses). Compliance to vaccination schedules was 16.6% (95% CI: 14.5 to 18.7%), ranging from 35.6% (≥12 months / single dose) to 6.0% (7-11 months / 2 doses). Having a private health insurance was independently associated with both vaccination coverage (PR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.04-1.43, p=0.013) and compliance with the vaccination schedule (PR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01-1.15, p=0.019). Conclusions: Vaccination coverage achieved high percentages before the first year of introduction of PCV10 on routine immunization. Compliance with PCV10 recommended schedules was low, being important gap in the program. Having private health insurance was associated with compliance and vaccination coverage, which may reflect an attitude of seeking health care frequently and not only on emergencies. Initiatives to increase rates of vaccination coverage and compliance should be pursued targeting children aged 7-11 months, who are under the highest risk of acquiring pneumococcal disease.Contexto: A vacina pneumocócica conjugada 10-valente (PCV10) foi introduzida no calendário básico de vacinação do Brasil em 2010. No ano da introdução, três esquemas vacinais foram utilizados: (i) crianças ≤6 meses: 3 doses + 1 reforço; (ii) crianças entre 7-11 meses: 2 doses + 1 reforço (2p+1), e (iii) crianças 12-15 meses: dose única (sem reforço). O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a cobertura vacinal e a adesão aos referidos esquemas logo após a introdução da PCV10 e identificar os fatores associados à maior cobertura e adesão. Métodos: Um inquérito domiciliar foi realizado entre dezembro de 2010 e fevereiro de 2011 em Goiânia, GO. Uma amostragem sistemática foi utilizada para recrutar 1.237 crianças. Um questionário sociodemográfico foi aplicado; as datas de vacinação foram obtidas da caderneta de vacina. A idade da criança no momento da introdução da vacina foi calculada em relação à data de 14 de julho de 2010 (30 dias após a introdução da vacina no calendário básico local) e a criança foi classificada em uma das três faixas etárias (≤6 meses; 7-11 meses; 12-15 meses). A cobertura vacinal (porcentagem de crianças que receberam o número de doses recomendadas) e a adesão aos esquemas vacinais (porcentagem de crianças que receberam todas as doses válidas e no intervalo recomendado) foram calculadas para todas as crianças e para cada uma das três faixas etárias. As razões das prevalências de cobertura e adesão foram comparadas pelo teste do qui-quadrado. Regressão log foi utilizada para a análise de regressão múltipla, a fim de identificar as variáveis independentemente associadas à cobertura vacinal e à adesão aos esquemas vacinais. Resultados: A cobertura vacinal foi de 53,4% (IC 95%: 50,8-56,2%), variando de 88,3% (12-15 meses / dose única) a 39,3% (7-11 meses / 2 doses). A adesão aos esquemas vacinais foi de 16,6% (IC 95%: 14,5-18,7%), variando de 35,6% (12-15 meses / dose única) a 6,0% (7-11 meses / 2 doses). Ter um plano de saúde privado apresentou associação independente tanto com a cobertura vacinal (RP = 1,22; IC 95%: 1,04-1,43; p = 0,013) quanto com a adesão aos esquemas vacinais (RP = 1,08; IC 95%: 1,01-1,15; p = 0,019). Conclusões Durante o primeiro ano de introdução da PCV10 no calendário básico, a cobertura vacinal alcançou porcentagens expressivas. A adesão aos esquemas recomendados para PCV10 foi baixa, sendo importante lacuna no programa. Ter plano de saúde privado esteve associado à adesão e à cobertura vacinal, o que pode refletir uma atitude de procurar assistência à saúde com maior frequência e não apenas em situações de emergência. Iniciativas para aumentar as taxas de cobertura vacinal e de adesão devem ser implantadas, especialmente entre crianças no segundo semestre de vida, as quais estão no grupo de maior risco para doenças pneumocócicas

Vaccination Coverage and Compliance with Three Recommended Schedules of 10-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine during the First Year of Its Introduction in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

<div><p>Pneumococcal 10-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was introduced to Brazil’s National Immunization Program (NIP) in 2010. During the first year of vaccine introduction three schedules were used to deal with age at initiation of PCV for catch-up purposes: 3 primary doses + 1 booster (for children aged ≤6 months), a catch-up schedule of 2 doses + 1 booster (7-11 months), and a catch-up schedule of a single dose (12-15 months). The purpose of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated risk factors for under-vaccination or lack of on time vaccination six to eight months after PCV10 introduction. A household survey was conducted in the municipality of Goiania with 1,237 children, who were retroactively classified into one of three age groups, as a factor of the child’s age relatively to 30 days after PCV10 introduction. Socioeconomic characteristics and vaccination dates were obtained during home interviews. Vaccination coverage was defined as the percentage of children who completed the recommended number of doses. Compliance with recommended schedules was defined as the percentage of children who received all valid doses at the NIP recommended time interval. Adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) of variables independently associated with coverage and compliance were estimated by log binomial regression. Coverage of DTP-Hib was used for comparison purposes. Overall, vaccination coverage was 54.6% (95% CI 52.1-57.7%), lower than DTP-Hib coverage (93.0%; 95% CI 91.5-94.3%). Compliance with recommended schedules was 16.8% (95% CI: 14.7-18.6%). Children 7-11 months old had lower coverage (40.7%) and compliance (6.3%) compared to children aged 12-15 months (coverage: 88.8%; compliance: 35.6%) and ≤6 months old (coverage: 54%; compliance: 18.8%). Having private health insurance was associated with higher PCV10 coverage (PR=1.25; 95% CI: 1.06-1.47, p=0.007), and compliance (PR=1.09; 95% CI: 1.02-1.16, p=0.015). Although PCV10 coverage rapidly increased shortly after vaccination introduction, it was not matched by compliance with recommended schedules. Public initiatives should target compliance of PCV10 because of the burden of pneumococcal diseases on childhood morbidity and mortality.</p></div

Kaplan-Meier curves of incidence for the first dose of PCV10 after its introduction in the routine immunization program.

<p>Goiania, December 2010 to February 2011.</p

Variables associated with PCV10 coverage, 6 to 8 months after its introduction.

<p>Goiania, December 2010 to February 2011.</p><p>PR: prevalence ratio; adj PR: adjusted prevalence ratio.</p><p>* The sum of individuals is not always 1,237 because there are missing answers, but that represents less than 8% of all participants.</p><p>Variables associated with PCV10 coverage, 6 to 8 months after its introduction.</p

Prevalence and factors associeated with low birth weight in a PUBLIC maternity

Low birth weight is appointed as a strong indicator of the health conditions of the population. Objective: evaluate the prevalence of low birth weight and identify factors associated to the low birth weight in a public maternity of a university hospital of Goiânia, Goiás Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from January to July 2011. The association between variables and birth weight was performed by using the Mantel-Haenszel test and factors associated with low birth weight were estimated using logistic regression or fisher test whether appropriated. Results: The results showed a prevalence of children with low birth weight of 34.0%. After multivariate analysis, preterm birth (OR = 18.6, p = 0.000) remained significantly associated to low birth weight. Conclusions: Investment in the quality of maternal and child health is recommended, since these risk factors can be avoided or minimized through a quality attention. Prevalência e fatores associados ao baixo nascer em uma maternidade PÚBLICA O baixo peso ao nascer é apontado como forte indicador das condições de saúde da população. Objetivo: avaliar a prevalência de baixo peso ao nascer e identificar os fatores associados ao baixo peso ao nascer em uma maternidade pública de referência no município de Goiânia-Goiás. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, realizado no período de janeiro a julho de 2011. Associação entre as variáveis e o peso ao nascer foi realizada através do teste de Mantel Haenszel e os fatores associados ao baixo peso foram estimados utilizando regressão logística. Resultados: prevalência de crianças com baixo peso de nascimento de 34,0%. Após análise multivariada, o nascimento pré-termo (OR= 18,6; p=0,000) manteve-se significativamente associado ao baixo peso ao nascer. Conclusões: recomenda-se o investimento na qualificação da assistência materno-infantil, visto que muitos destes fatores de risco podem ser evitados ou minimizados por meio de uma atenção de qualidade

Direct effect of 10-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccination on pneumococcal carriage in children Brazil

Submitted by Jaqueline Silva ([email protected]) on 2018-06-11T20:20:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Ana Lucia Andrade - 2014.PDF: 269679 bytes, checksum: dbf0083f7167f713cc23e93a5b19c9e1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2018-06-12T13:36:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Ana Lucia Andrade - 2014.PDF: 269679 bytes, checksum: dbf0083f7167f713cc23e93a5b19c9e1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-12T13:36:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Ana Lucia Andrade - 2014.PDF: 269679 bytes, checksum: dbf0083f7167f713cc23e93a5b19c9e1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014Background: 10-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine/PCV10 was introduced in the Brazilian National Immunization Program along the year of 2010. We assessed the direct effectiveness of PCV10 vaccination in preventing nasopharyngeal/ NP pneumococcal carriage in infants. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based household survey was conducted in Goiania Brazil, from December/2010- February/2011 targeting children aged 7–11 m and 15–18 m. Participants were selected using a systematic sampling. NP swabs, demographic data, and vaccination status were collected from 1,287 children during home visits. Main outcome and exposure of interest were PCV10 vaccine-type carriage and dosing schedules (3p+0, 2p+0, and one catch-up dose), respectively. Pneumococcal carriage was defined by a positive culture and serotyping was performed by Quellung reaction. Rate ratio/RR was calculated as the ratio between the prevalence of vaccine-types carriage in children exposed to different schedules and unvaccinated for PCV10. Adjusted RR was estimated using Poisson regression. PCV10 effectiveness/VE on vaccine-type carriage was calculated as 1-RR*100. Results: The prevalence of pneumococcal carriage was 41.0% (95%CI: 38.4–43.7). Serotypes covered by PCV10 and PCV13 were 35.2% and 53.0%, respectively. Vaccine serotypes 6B (11.6%), 23F (7.8%), 14 (6.8%), and 19F (6.6%) were the most frequently observed. After adjusted for confounders, children who had received 2p+0 or 3p+0 dosing schedule presented a significant reduction in pneumococcal vaccine-type carriage, with PCV10 VE equal to 35.9% (95%CI: 4.2–57.1; p = 0.030) and 44.0% (95%CI: 14.–63.5; p = 0.008), respectively, when compared with unvaccinated children. For children who received one catch-up dose, no significant VE was detected (p = 0.905). Conclusion: PCV10 was associated with high protection against vaccine-type carriage with 2p+0 and 3p+0 doses for children vaccinated before the second semester of life. The continuous evaluation of carriage serotypes distribution is likely to be useful for evaluating the long-term effectiveness and impact of pneumococcal vaccination on serotypes reduction

Rate ratio of PCV10 dosing schedule according to pneumococccal vaccine-type nasopharyngeal carriage.

§<p>Administered only for previously unvaccinated children who received the vaccine at 12 months of age or older.</p>†<p>Includes non-vaccine type carriage and non-carriage children.</p>‡<p>34 isolates missing Quellung reaction results: unvaccinated (n = 9), one catch-up dose (n = 8), 2p+0 (n = 6), 3p+0 (n = 11).</p

Distribution of children within age-groups according to age at enrollment and age at first dose, Goiania, Dec/2010 Feb/2011.

‡<p>That is, the age-group at the moment of nasopharyngeal specimen collection.</p>§<p>Unvaccinated children were classified according to age at PCV10 introduction into National Immunization Program.</p

Categories of exposure and outcome of interest considered for the estimation of rate ratio and vaccine effectiveness.

§<p>Administered only for children 12 months of age or older.</p>†<p>No culture for any other bacteria.</p><p>a+b+c+d  =  number of pneumococcal carriage, vaccine type and non-vaccine type.</p><p>c+d  =  number of unvaccinated children with pneumococcal carriage.</p><p>a+b  =  number of vaccinated children with pneumococcal carriage.</p