Våldets regler. Ungdomars tal om våld och bråk.

Rather than adults’ indignation about today’s youth, the object of investigation in this dissertation is young people’s moral rules. Rules are flexible and formable, often unclear and ambiguous, which means that they need to be interpreted in order to be usable in concrete situations. The thesis analyses young people’s moral work when they talk about violence and fighting between youths. It proceeds by distinguishing which rules they create, recreate and negotiate, which repertoires of interpretation they use, and which societal discourses they refer and relate to. The dissertation’s empirical material consists of fifteen tape-recorded and verbatim-transcribed interviews (individual, in pairs or focus-groups), with 41 young people aged 15–21, about violence and fighting. In order to place the interviewed youths’ locally anchored moral work in a broader context and obtain a basis to contrast it with, the youth’s talk is related to more general adult-dominated and public societal discourses. A limited discourse analysis of documents such as daily newspaper articles has thus been carried out. The analysis of the interviewees’ moral work is summarized in the form of a typology of young people’s fighting and violence. It shows that youths’ talk about what one may or must not do to another young person is complex, ambivalent and equivocal, and that the rules of violence are negotiable and varies with the situation and the relationship (the relative power relationship, degree of social distance and whether it is a positive or negative relationship). It also makes clear that rules are actively referred to, produced, reproduced, and negotiated in the interviews. What is made morally relevant varies between different forms of fighting and violence. In a youth fight, the beginning is important, but also how the opponent reacts and when, whether, and how one may strike the first blow or return a blow. In the moral work on play fights and sibling fights, the relationship and the purpose are given greater weight. In talk about boys’ blows, kicks and sexual offences against girls, great importance is attributed to physical strength, but also to the character of the violence—whether it is constructed as sexual or as solely physical. The interviewees set limits on what is allowed or not allowed for a young person – stranger, peer, sibling and partner – to do. Their moral work shows that social control is exercised even in the absence of adults, and that young people control themselves and each other through a host of subtle, informal social rules for violence and fighting between young people

Dilemmas and Discretion in Complex Organizations: Professionals in Collaboration with Spontaneous Volunteers During Disasters

Discretion is of major interest in research on professions. This article focuses on professionals’ discretionary reasoning about collaboration with spontaneous volunteers. By applying theories on discretion and institutional logics and drawing on disaster management research, we analyse interviews with fire and rescue service professionals involved in managing a large-scale forest fire in Sweden. We identify five major dilemmas concerning the involvement of spontaneous volunteers in the official disaster response and analyse the influence on professional reasoning of multiple institutional logics (professional, citizen, bureaucratic and market) embedded in the emergency organization. The analytical framework connects structure and agency by linking institutional logics to discretional reasoning, and the findings clarify professional emergency responders’ perspectives on the opportunities and challenges of involving spontaneous volunteers in an operation

Shout out! : Ortenpoddar som folkbildning, motoffentlighetoch underhållning

Shout out! Podcasts as sources of non-degree further education, counter-publics and entertainment This article is woven into the multi-disciplined research field concerned with questions on young people’s living conditions and cultural expression in stigmatized residential areas in Sweden’s metropolitan areas. In recent years, a movement demanding social justice has emerged in these areas. In this article, we examine the content of four podcasts that may be considered central to this social movement. The study has three specific purposes that relate to the contributions of this article. First, we examine how the podcasts, like the social movement in general, can be seen as an expression of how marginalized young people deal with their position as subordinated citizens and the racism that is part of their everyday living conditions. Second, our analysis shows how podcasts serve as meeting places for young people in the marginalized suburbs, as well as providing arenas for resistance in the form of counter-publics. Third, the study contributes to knowledge of the potential role of podcasts in contemporary non-degree further education. This is achieved through an analysis of the learning processes shown in the podcasts.Sociologisk Forsknings digitala arkiv</p

I spänningsfältet mellan institutionella logiker : professionella och frivilliga vid skogsbranden i Västmanland

Denna artikel handlar om räddningstjänstens och frivilligas insatser och samverkan vid skogsbranden i Västmanland år 2014. Artikeln anknyter till forskning om professioner och organisering av arbete, samt till forskning om professionellas respektive frivilligas insatser och samverkan vid kriser och olyckor. En kvalitativ analys av intervjuer med räddningstjänstpersonal och frivilliga, inlägg på sociala media samt sekundärmaterial i form av rapporter och utvärderingar av räddningsinsatsen visar att insatserna vid skogsbranden i Västmanland, och kontakterna mellan professionella och frivilliga, tog form i spänningen mellan olika former av institutionella logiker: professionell logik, lokalsamhälleslogik, byråkratisk logik och marknadslogik

I spänningsfältet mellan institutionella logiker - professionella och frivilliga vid skogsbranden i Västmanland

Denna artikel handlar om räddningstjänstens och frivilligas insatser och samverkan vid skogsbranden i Västmanland år 2014. Artikeln anknyter till forskning om professioner och organisering av arbete, samt till forskning om professionellas respektive frivilligas insatser och samverkan vid kriser och olyckor. En kvalitativ analys av intervjuer med räddningstjänstpersonal och frivilliga, inlägg på sociala media samt sekundärmaterial i form av rapporter och utvärderingar av räddningsinsatsen visar att insatserna vid skogsbranden i Västmanland, och kontakterna mellan professionella och frivilliga, tog form i spänningen mellan olika former av institutionella logiker: professionell logik, lokalsamhälleslogik, byråkratisk logik och marknadslogik

The impact of depression on working memory performance

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DXN043353 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Utv\ue4rdering av kommuners arbete mot anlagda skolbr\ue4nder

"Abstract""This section summarizes the results from the project Evaluation of Municipalities’ Efforts to""Prevent Arson. Based on the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency’s review of measures to prevent school arson in 80 Swedish municipalities, the aim of the evaluation was to identify and discuss work models and interventions that appear to be successful. To this end, the anti- arson efforts in 20 municipalities were analysed in-depth (encompassing a total of 15 different preventive measures). Thirteen of the studied municipalities show a reduction in school arson during the period 2005–2011; seven show an increase. By comparing these two groups, it was possible to identify successful combinations of anti-arson measures. The method used – qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) – implies comparison of combinations of measures.""Two combinations of measures were found to be successful in larger municipalities:""A""1) cross-sectoral specific cooperation, 2) camera surveillance and3) extended secondary prevention""B""1) cross-sectoral specific cooperation, 2) patrolling and 3) extended secondary prevention""Cross-sectoral cooperation implies that several actors (for example schools, social services,""police and rescue services) coordinate their work and resources related to the problem of school firesetting. To be successful, this method must be combined with situational prevention in the form of either camera surveillance or patrolling. A third component is also required, namely social prevention in the form of extended secondary prevention, which here refers to interventions targeting individuals or groups at risk of engaging in deviant behaviour. ‘Extended’ means that the measures are recurring and intensive in nature. It should be emphasized that it is the specific combinations of these measures that appear to be successful; individual measures or alternative combinations of measures do not seem as successful.""It should also be emphasised that the results summarized above apply to larger municipalities,""for the simple reason that it is not possible to conclude anything about the outcome of implemented measures without a sufficiently large number of cases of school arson. Another important aspect of the evaluation is that the data collected from the municipalities vary for example in terms of how different measures are labelled, defined and documented. Needless to say, this may affect the comparisons made. In addition, the evaluation design, i.e. a focus on implemented measures in relation to increases and reductions in school arson, implies that other possibly relevant factors, such as closing of schools, demographic changes and changes in the local structure of social problems, are not taken into account. However, the results are well in line with previous research on arson and the effects of methods used in arson prevention.""Keywords: preventive work, school arson, combinations of measures, cross-sectoral""cooperation, camera surveillance or patrolling, extended secondary prevention.