POTERE RISOLUTIVO DEI DATI NELLE INVERSIONI PER SORGENTI SISMICHE ESTESE

1995/1996IX Ciclo1968Versione digitalizzata della tesi di dottorato cartacea

The OGS experience in rapid determination of source parameters and ShakeMaps for NE Italy

OGS manages an integrated seismic network designed to monitor regional seismic activity of North-East Italy (NI) and surroundings. The network includes 11 digital broadband seismometers and 27 short period stations. Waveforms and parametric data are exchanged in real time with the local Civil Defence agencies, the INGV, the Earth Science Department of the University of Trieste, the Zentralanstalt für Meterologie und Geodynamik (ZAMG) in Vienna, and the Agencija Republike Slovenije za Okolje (ARSO) in Ljubljana, in order to support emergency management and seismological studies in the whole Alps–Dinarides junction zone. The Antelope software suite from BRTT has been chosen as the common basis for real time data exchange, rapid location of earthquakes and alerting

Accounting for rupture directivity in ShakeMap

The rapid and accurate information about the ground shaking following an earthquake is necessary for emergency response planning. A prompt strategy is contouring the real data recorded at the stations. However only few regions, i.e. Japan and Taiwan, have an instrumental coverage as good as needed to produce shaking maps relying almost entirely on real data. ShakeMap has been conceived in order to “fill” the data gap and producing stable contouring using the ground motion predictive equations (GMPEs) and site effect. Thus for regions where the data coverage is sparse, the interpolation plays a crucial role and the choice of the GMPE can affect strongly the goodness of the ground shaking estimation. However the GMPEs derive from an empirical regression describing the averaged behavior of the ground shaking and tend to mask, when present, specific trends due to multidimensional effects like the asymmetry of the rupture process (directivity effect). Thus, ShakeMaps for large events may not reproduce faithfully the ground motion in the near source if determined without the introduction of rupture related parameters. One way to improve the ShakeMap prediction is to modify the ground motion modeling in order to better explain the ground motion variability. To this purpose, the empirical model can be refined with information about the rupture process (Spagnuolo PhD2010), in this case using the directivity term defined by Spudich and Chiou (Earthquake Spectra 2008). The aim of this work is to quantify the effectiveness of refined GMPEs in improving the performance of ShakeMap. We quantify the agreement of this new GMPE with the real recorded data, and make inference about the reliability of this new ShakeMap. The test is focused on the study of the ShakeMap degradation when the number of the observations is reduced, and on the quantification of the improvements due to the directivity term. In order to conduct properly the test, we investigate two well- recorded events from Japan: the 2008 Iwate-Miyagi (M7) and the 2000 Tottori (M6.6) events. This work is part of the DPC-INGV S3 project (2007-09), as described in the companion abstract Ameri et al. (ESC2010)

Acquiring, archiving, analyzing and exchanging seismic data in real time at the Seismological Research Center of the OGS in Italy

After the 1976 Friuli earthquake (Ms = 6.5) in north-eastern Italy that caused about 1,000 casualties and widespread destruction in the Friuli area, the Italian government established the Centro di Ricerche Sismologiche (CRS). This is now a department of the Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), and it is specifically devoted to the monitoring of the seismicity of north-eastern Italy. Since its inception, the North-East Italy Seismic Network has grown enormously. Currently, it consists of 14 broad-band and 20 short-period seismic stations, all of which are telemetered to and acquired in real time at the OGS-CRS data center in Udine. Data exchange agreements in place with other Italian, Slovenian, Austrian and Swiss seismological institutes lead to a total number of 94 seismic stations acquired in real time, which confirms that the OGS is the reference institute for seismic monitoring of north-eastern Italy. Since 2002, CRS has been using the Antelope software suite as the main tool for collecting, analyzing, archiving and exchanging seismic data. SeisComP is also used as a real-time data exchange server tool. A customized web accessible server is used to manually relocate earthquakes, and automatic procedures have been set-up for moment-tensor determination, shaking-map computation, web publishing of earthquake parametric data, waveform drumplots, state-of-health parameters, and quality checks of the station by spectra analysis. Scripts for email/SMS/fax alerting to public institutions have also been customized. Recently, a real-time seismology website was designed and set-up (http://rts.crs.inogs.it/)

A scoping review of seismic risk communication in Europe

Although earthquakes are a threat in many countries and considerable resources have been invested in safety regulations, communities at risk often lack awareness and preparedness. Risk communication is a key tool for building resilient communities, raising awareness, and increasing preparedness. Over the past 2 decades, seismic risk communication has evolved significantly. This has led to a reorientation from a predominantly “one-way”, top-down communication model to the promotion of new models in which people, their needs, and their participation in disaster risk management are central elements. The 2015–2030 Sendai Framework recommendations, recent disaster experiences and research have highlighted that new models can improve communication effectiveness. In this paper, we critically explore this transition by conducting a scoping review (n=109 publications) of seismic risk communication in Europe. We analyse the approaches, messages, tools, and channels used for seismic risk communication and how they have changed over time. The results reveal that the stated goals of seismic risk communication are, in decreasing order, to share information, raise awareness, change behaviours/beliefs, and increase preparedness. Pupils, students, and citizens are the primary recipients of communication activities. Over the years, two trends have emerged. First, “two-way”, transdisciplinary and bottom-up communication models prevailed over the “one-way” model. Second, communication aimed more at promoting proactive behaviours than just informing the public. Face-to-face, hands-on activities, and serious games are key tools to engage with the public. The results also reveal the emerging role of social media to target different audiences/social groups. Strikingly, only one-fifth of the analysed publications explicitly build on or tests risk communication theories. Future research could focus on comparing practices across countries and risks (e.g., earthquakes and floods) and on innovating communication theories and methodologies, especially by incorporating the role of information technologies and social media

Acquiring, archiving, analyzing and exchanging seismic data in real time at the Seismological Research Center of the OGS in Italy

The Centro di Ricerche Sismologiche (CRS, Seismological Research Center) of the Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS, Italian National Institute for Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics) in Udine (Italy) after the strong earthquake (magnitude M=6.4) occurred in 1976 in the Italian Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, started to operate the North-east Italy (NI) seismic network: it currently consists of 11 very sensitive broad band and 23 more simple short period seismic stations, all telemetered to and acquired in real time at the OGS-CRS data center in Udine. Real time data exchange agreements in place with other Italian, Slovenian, Austrian and Swiss seismological institutes lead to a total number of 89 seismic stations acquired in real time, which makes the OGS the reference institute for seismic monitoring of Northeastern Italy. Since 2002 OGS-CRS is using the Antelope software suite as the main tool for collecting, analyzing, archiving and exchanging seismic data in the framework of the EU Interreg IIIA project “Trans-national seismological networks in the South-Eastern Alps”. SeisComP is also used as a real time data exchange server tool. At OGS-CRS we then adapted existing programs and created new ones like: a customized web-accessible server to manually relocate earthquakes, a script for automatic moment tensor determination, scripts for web publishing of earthquake parametric data, waveforms, state of health parameters and shaking maps, noise characterization by means of automatic spectra analysis, plus scripts for email/SMS/fax alerting. A new OGS-CRS real time web site has also been recently designed and made operative in the framework of the DPC-INGV S3 Project

Acquiring, archiving, analyzing and exchanging seismic data in real time at the Seismological Research Center of the OG S in Italy: an updated view

The Centro di Ricerche Sismologiche (CRS, Seismological Research Center) of the Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS, Italian National Institute for Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics) in Udine (Italy) after the strong earthquake (magnitude M=6.4) occurred in 1976 in the Italian Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, started to operate the North-east Italy (NI) seismic network: it currently consists of 11 very sensitive broad band and 22 more simple short period seismic stations, all telemetered to and acquired in real time at the OGS-CRS data center in Udine. Real time data exchange agreements in place with other Italian, Slovenian, Austrian and Swiss seismological institutes lead to a total number of 90 seismic stations acquired in real time, which makes the OGS the reference institute for seismic monitoring of Northeastern Italy. Since 2002 OGS-CRS is using the Antelope software suite as the main tool for collecting, analyzing, archiving and exchanging seismic data in the framework of the EU Interreg IIIA project “ Trans-national seismological networks in the South-Eastern Alps”. SeisComP is also used as a real time data exchange server tool. At OGS-CRS we then adapted existing programs and created new ones like: a customized web-accessible server to manually relocate earthquakes, a script for automatic moment tensor determination, scripts for web publishing of earthquake parametric data, waveforms, state of health parameters and shaking maps, noise characterization by means of automatic spectra analysis, plus scripts for mail/SMS/fax alerting. A new OGS-CRS real time web site has also been recently designed and made operative in the framework of the Italian P C-INGV S3 P roject

Improving the seismic monitoring of North-eastern Italy: the state of the art of the North-eastern Italy (NI) Seismic Network run by OGS

The Centro di Ricerche Sismologiche (CRS, Seismological Research Center) of the Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS, Italian National Institute for Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics) in Udine (Italy) after the strong earthquake of magnitude Mw=6.4 occurred in 1976 in the Italian Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, started to operate the North-eastern Italy (NI) Seismic Network: it currently consists of 12 very sensitive broad band and 21 simpler short period seismic stations, all telemetered to and acquired in real time at the OGS-CRS data center in Udine. Real time data exchange agreements in place with other Italian, Slovenian, Austrian and Swiss seismological institutes lead to a total number of 93 seismic stations acquired in real time, which makes the OGS the reference institute for seismic monitoring of North-eastern Italy. Since 2002 OGS-CRS is using the Antelope software suite on a SUN SPARC cluster as the main tool for collecting, analyzing, archiving and exchanging seismic data, initially in the framework of the EU Interreg IIIA project “Trans-national seismological networks in the South-Eastern Alps”. SeisComP is also used as a real time data exchange server tool. In order to improve the seismological monitoring of the North-eastern Italy area, at OGS-CRS we tuned existing programs and created ad hoc ones like: a customized web server named PickServer to manually relocate earthquakes, a script for automatic moment tensor determination, scripts for web publishing of earthquake parametric data, waveforms, state of health parameters and shaking maps, noise characterization by means of automatic spectra analysis, and last but not least scripts for email/SMS/fax alerting. A new OGS-CRS real time seismological website (http://rts.crs.inogs.it/) has also been operative since more than one year in the framework of the Italian DPC-INGV S3 Project: the website shows classic earthquake locations parametric data plus shakemap and moment tensor information; recently also daily PSD quality check of seismic stations plots have been added. At OGS-CRS we also spent a considerable amount of efforts in improving the long-period performances of broadband seismic stations, either by carrying out full re-installations and/or applying thermal insulations to the seismometers: the example of the new PRED broad band seismic station installation in the cave tunnel of Cave del Predil using a Quanterra Q330HR high resolution digitizer and a Sterckeisen STS-2 broadband seismometer will be illustrated. Efforts have been put also in strengthening the reliability of data links, exploring the use of redundant satellite/radio/GPRS links

Risultati del sondaggio sulle politiche di gestione istituzionale dei dati scientifici

Il presente rapporto prosegue le attività del Gruppo di lavoro (GdL) Open Science, istituito nel 2021 dalla Consulta dei Presidenti (CoPER) degli Enti Pubblici di Ricerca (EPR) per favorire la promozione delle istanze dell'Open Science tra gli EPR, con le Università rappresentate dalla CRUI e anche con i diversi soggetti che, a vario titolo, partecipano alle tematiche della Scienza Aperta. Il suddetto GdL è suddiviso in Gruppi Tematici che, su base volontaria, provvedono alla preparazione di documenti e azioni per la promozione e il sostegno delle politiche di scienza aperta in Italia, così come pianificato nel documento programmatico, in collaborazione con altri attori operanti sulla scena nazionale. Dopo la pubblicazione dei risultati relativi al sondaggio sulle Politiche e le infrastrutture per l'Open Access per pubblicazioni e letteratura grigia, questo secondo sondaggio fotografa, alla primavera del 2023, il grado di adozione di politiche e pratiche relative alla gestione istituzionale dei dati scientifici secondo il paradigma della Scienza Aperta. Questo nuovo sondaggio nasce a valle delle discussioni sui Dati Aperti condotte in occasione del primo convegno GdL Open Science a dicembre 2022 i cui punti salienti sono raccolti nella presentazione dal titolo “Esperienze di gestione degli Open Data negli Enti pubblici di Ricerca”. La struttura del sondaggio è un adattamento e una semplificazione del modello sistematico proposto dall’ European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) Steering Board al fine di monitorare i contributi nazionali a EOSC, scelto anche in accordo con i suggerimenti del Tavolo di Lavoro per l’implementazione del Programma Nazionale per la Scienza Aperta (PNSA) del Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca (MUR). Sulla base dei risultati emersi da questo sondaggio, il Gruppo Tematico Open Data del GdL Open Science della CoPER intende avviare un monitoraggio permanente allo scopo di rendere disponibile uno strumento utile a coordinare gli sforzi degli EPR nella propria gestione istituzionale dei dati. Il presente documento fornisce una panoramica della struttura del sondaggio e dei risultati ottenuti. Al sondaggio hanno risposto 14 EPR tra quelli partecipanti al GdL Open Science della CoPER, tramite i rispettivi rappresentanti

Risultati del sondaggio sulle politiche di gestione istituzionale dei dati scientifici

Il presente rapporto prosegue le attività del Gruppo di lavoro (GdL) Open Science, istituito nel 2021 dalla Consulta dei Presidenti (CoPER) degli Enti Pubblici di Ricerca (EPR) per favorire la promozione delle istanze dell'Open Science tra gli EPR, con le Università rappresentate dalla CRUI e anche con i diversi soggetti che, a vario titolo, partecipano alle tematiche della Scienza Aperta. Il suddetto GdL è suddiviso in Gruppi Tematici che, su base volontaria, provvedono alla preparazione di documenti e azioni per la promozione e il sostegno delle politiche di scienza aperta in Italia, così come pianificato nel documento programmatico, in collaborazione con altri attori operanti sulla scena nazionale. Dopo la pubblicazione dei risultati relativi al sondaggio sulle Politiche e le infrastrutture per l'Open Access per pubblicazioni e letteratura grigia, questo secondo sondaggio fotografa, alla primavera del 2023, il grado di adozione di politiche e pratiche relative alla gestione istituzionale dei dati scientifici secondo il paradigma della Scienza Aperta. Questo nuovo sondaggio nasce a valle delle discussioni sui Dati Aperti condotte in occasione del primo convegno GdL Open Science a dicembre 2022 i cui punti salienti sono raccolti nella presentazione dal titolo “Esperienze di gestione degli Open Data negli Enti pubblici di Ricerca”. La struttura del sondaggio è un adattamento e una semplificazione del modello sistematico proposto dall’ European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) Steering Board al fine di monitorare i contributi nazionali a EOSC, scelto anche in accordo con i suggerimenti del Tavolo di Lavoro per l’implementazione del Programma Nazionale per la Scienza Aperta (PNSA) del Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca (MUR). Sulla base dei risultati emersi da questo sondaggio, il Gruppo Tematico Open Data del GdL Open Science della CoPER intende avviare un monitoraggio permanente allo scopo di rendere disponibile uno strumento utile a coordinare gli sforzi degli EPR nella propria gestione istituzionale dei dati. Il presente documento fornisce una panoramica della struttura del sondaggio e dei risultati ottenuti. Al sondaggio hanno risposto 14 EPR tra quelli partecipanti al GdL Open Science della CoPER, tramite i rispettivi rappresentanti