Experiences of non-formal graduates in Teacher Education Program: Basis for Program Framework

This qualitative study investigated the experiences of non-formal graduates enrolled in the teacher education program in one of the universities in the Philippines. To understand how can they thrive in the teacher education program in a university, this study generally aimed to determine their experiences in teacher education program. Specifically, it investigated their academic and academic needs as students. Also, it determined what program framework may be proposed as a result of the study. Consequently, providing them and the next batches of learners to enter in the teacher education program the necessary and appropriate teaching and learning practices. Non-formal graduates are the product of the Alternative Learning System (ALS). It is a non-formal education that caters to out-of-school children, youth, and adults (OSCYAs) who desire to complete basic education. ALS is a program of the Department of Education (DepEd) that is supported in the 1987 Philippine Constitution. Moreover, Article XIV, Section 2(1) on Philippine mandate for inclusive education is establishing a complete, adequate, and integrated system of education relevant to the needs of the people and society, Llego, (2023). Furthermore, an inclusive education encompasses all students and supports them to learn, regardless of who they are and their abilities or requirements, UNICEF, (2017) The success of every learning journey is indispensable to needs that are met. In the context of this study, academic and non-academic needs of non-formal graduates enrolled in a teacher education program were considered crucial in facilitating smooth transition from ALS education to tertiary education. Results show that these non-formal graduates in an education program are seeking out an academic need on tutorial in Chemistry, Physical Science, Analytical Geometry, English and Math. Also, there is a need to cover academic need on optional class offering which is a flexible schedule that does not compromise family/personal concern and financial earning/support. Moreover, there is a need to encompass an academic need on language problem which is vocabulary literacy and English language enrichment. It further revealed that these non-formal graduates be extended an academic need on adequate educational preparation in ALS which is a challenging pedagogy and courses. Another important academic need on curriculum is ALS curriculum enhancement. Furthermore, their academic needs on interacting with professor and classmates are peer interactive learning and open communication, respectively. Lastly, non-academic need on contact person at the institution in addition to the instructor is the existence support group

Code Switching in Instruction: It’s Acceptability Among Pre-Service Teachers in The Philippines

This quantitative-descriptive study investigated the acceptability of code switching in instruction by 251 pre-service teachers. Results revealed that aacceptance of code switching in instruction along affective state and learning success by pre-service teachers is “accepted.” There is no significant difference in the acceptance of code switching in instruction when grouped according to age, sex and number of languages spoken. However, there is a significant difference in the acceptance of code switching in instruction when grouped according to field of specialization. Interestingly, Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSEd) pre-service teachers whose field of specialization is English yielded a significantly higher level of acceptance of code switching in instruction as compared to Bachelor in Elementary Education (BEEd) pre-service teachers whose field of specializations are Generalist and Pre-school Education and BSEd pre-service teachers whose field of specialization is Mathematics

MOLYBDENUM DOPED CARBON AEROGELS WITH CATALYTIC POTENTIAL

Mo-doped carbon aerogels were obtained in the polycondensation reaction of aqueous resorcinol and formaldehyde by adding Mo-salt at two different stages of the synthesis: i) to the initial sol; ii) by incipient wetting impregnation of the supercritically dried polymer gel. Molybdenum added during the polymerization yielded a more compact gel structure with practically no mesoporosity. With post-impregnation, by contrast, mesopores of diameter 3-15 nm were generated. Carbonization appreciably enhanced the microporous character of both samples, but in the mesopore range their pore size distribution was conserved. The Mocontent of the samples was also different: Mo was lost during the solvent exchange before the supercritical drying (i.e., the Mo failed to bind chemically to the polymer matrix). The residual Mo congregated into 25-60 nm bulk clusters of α-Mo2C. In the other carbon aerogel, finely dispersed α-Mo2C and η-Mo3C2 crystals formed, of size 8-20 nm. On the surface of both carbons the Mo formed oxides. In the model test reaction (acetic acid hydroconversion) the catalytic activity of both carbon aerogels was enhanced by molybdenum. The more open pore structure, higher concentration and finer Mo distribution, as well as its chemical form, may all be responsible for the greater conversion and higher value products obtained with the post-impregnated sample

The role of biochar properties in influencing the sorption and desorption of Pb(II), Cd(II) and As(III) in aqueous solution

The chemical and physical properties of 20 biochars produced at 350, 450, 550 and 650 °C were investigated to determine the key roles they play in the sorption and desorption of three potentially toxic elements (Pb, Cd, As). Biochar surfaces were studied using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Organic functional groups (e.g. single bondCOOH, Cdouble bond; length as m-dashO, Csingle bondX), inorganic minerals (CaCO3, SiO2, Ca2Si5O10·3H2O) and cations (K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+) controlled PTE sorption significantly while physical properties (morphology, surface area) showed little influence on the sorption of potentially toxic elements. Four major mechanisms accounted for the exceptionally high Pb(II) sorption by all 20 biochars (97.5–99.8%) while Cd(II) and As(III) sorption (<90% and 42% respectively) were controlled by two mechanisms (precipitation and electrostatic attraction) only. Thermodynamic studies suggested that Pb and Cd sorption on a majority of biochars was spontaneous and endothermic while As sorption was also endothermic but not spontaneous. Sorbed PTEs were observed to be very stable over a wide range of pH values (3.5–9.5) with desorption ranging from 0.2 - 16.5%. Detailed understanding of how biochar surface properties interact with PTEs increases the possibility of developing cost effective and engineered biochars with exceptional sorption characteristics

Incorporation of precious metal nanoparticles into various aerogels by different supercritical deposition methods

One major hurdle in nanoparticle fabrication is the difficulty in controlling size, distribution and concentration. Conventional methods in nanoparticle formation require high temperatures which lead to particle agglomeration and size broadening, or involve substantial amount of organic solvents. A clean route to supported-nanoparticles fabrication was investigated using various supercritical (SC) based deposition methods. The SC deposition involves the organometallic precursor (OP) (dimethyl(1,5-cyclooctadiene)platinum(II)[CODPtMe 2] or bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato) (1,5-cyclooctadiene) ruthenium(II)) dissolution in SC fluid and contacting this solution with a substrate. The OP is adsorbed and subsequent reduction of the OP-impregnated substrate produces metal/substrate composites. The various methods were: (1) thermal reduction at atmospheric pressure in an inert atmosphere; (2) thermal reduction in SC carbon dioxide (scCO2); (3) chemical reduction in scCO2 with H2; and (4) chemical reduction at atmospheric pressure with H2. The synthesis of resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels (RFAs) and carbon aerogels (CAs) was also studied and used as substrates (along with commercial silica aerogels (SAs)) in the SC deposition. The surface area, pore properties, and density of these aerogels were evaluated and the effects of reactant concentration, pyrolysis and SC deposition on these properties were determined. ^ Using a static method, the adsorption isotherms of CODPtMe2 in scCO2 on two CAs with different pore sizes were measured at 28 MPa and 80°C to determine the maximum metal loading and the effect of pore properties on adsorption and to examine the interactions between the three components. The isotherms could be represented by the Langmuir model and the adsorption data indicated a strong CODPtMe2-CA interaction and that almost all the preexistent micropore area was covered with CODPtMe 2 molecules even at adsorption lower than the maximum capacity. The observed strong precursor-substrate interaction was corroborated by thermo-gravimetric analyses and N2 physisorption. Transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, H2 and CO chemisorption and N2 physisorption were employed to demonstrate the homogeneity of particle dispersion, to determine the morphology, range and variation in particle size within the solid matrices and to fully identify the resultant particles as Pt and Ru metals. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

Buon Gusto

Buon Gusto was built due to the same interest of the owners, which is food. The owners want to make money out of their hobby which is eating. They came up with a business plan that will cater their interest and hobby at the same time. Since Marlon Saquing loves to cook different Italian recipes, he makes use out of his skills. Marianne Lazaga loves to eat different types of Italian food at very minimal cost with a good quality. The owners agreed to offer their customer an authentic Italian recipe in a lower price compared to the present market. They think that selling pizza would be very practical because it is easy to prepare and easy to eat. Pizza is a famous Italian food which is basically made up of dough, tomatoes, cheese, herbs and different types of meat. The owners also practice living organically they will use organic ingredients to make sure that their product is good for everyone