ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการใช้บริการการนวดแผนไทยกับปัญหาสุขภาพและปัจจัยทางสังคมเศรษฐกิจของผู้ป่วยในโรงพยาบาลโคกโพธิ์ จังหวัดปัตตานี

Master of Science (Research Methodology

Effect of Particle Size of Rice-Husk Derived Silica on the Pyrolysis of Pomelo Peels

Silica with two different sizes i.e. microsilica (MS) and nanosilica (NS) was used as a catalytic support for vanadium (5-15 wt%) in the pyrolysis of pomelo peels. Besides use of pomelo peels (agricultural residues) as a feedstock for the pyrolysis, to contribute to environmental sustainability, rice husk was used as a silica source for obtaining the silica support. From the result, it was found that non-catalytic pyrolysis of pomelo peels gave a bio-oil yield of 33.3 wt%. The catalytic pyrolysis with vanadium-modified silica decreased the bio-oil yields ranging between 27.2-33.1 wt%. This was due to the occurrence of the second reactions generated from the active sites on the catalysts, which leads to the conversion of bio-oil into gas products. For NS catalyst, increasing the amount of vanadium loading directly decreased the bio-oil yields and increased the gas yield. The variation of product phase distribution was not clearly observed for MS catalyst even with various vanadium loadings. In addition, NS catalyst exhibited higher efficiency in reducing the acid content in the bio-oil, and increasing the phenol content. The distinguished properties of the nanoparticles may be the main reason for these phenomena. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)

Risk Factors for Blood Transfusion in Women with Placenta Previa Undergoing Cesarean Delivery: A Retrospective Case-Control Study

Background: Hemorrhage is a leading cause of maternal death. Placenta previa increases risk of massive bleeding, requires massive blood transfusion, and increases incidence of hysterectomy. Objective: To identify risk factors for blood transfusion in Thai women with placenta previa undergoing cesarean section. Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study of patients who had placenta previa and underwent cesarean section during January 2002 to December 2011. A total of 885 singleton pregnancies with placenta previa who delivered by cesarean section after 24 weeks’ gestation were analyzed. Patients with placenta adherence were not included. Results: Of 885 patients studied, 166 patients (18.8%) received blood transfusion. Independent risk factors (odds ratio (OR); 95% confidence interval (CI) for transfusion were preoperative anemia (OR 2.8; 1.8-4.37), history of uterine curettage (OR 1.82; 1.08-3.05), previous cesarean section (OR 2.61; 1.52-4.48), complete placenta previa (OR 3.03; 1.96-4.68), general anesthesia (OR 3.8; 2.53-5.72), and after-hours surgery (OR 1.6; 1.06-2.42). Conclusion: Incidence of blood transfusion in women with placenta previa was 18.8%. Risk factors for blood transfusion were preoperative anemia, history of uterine curettage and/or cesarean section, complete placenta previa, general anesthesia, and after-hours surgery. Identification of these risk factors may alert practitioners to undertake preoperative precautions to avoid massive bleeding

การดูดซับสีย้อมเมทิลีนบลูบนถ่านกัมมันต์ที่เตรียมจากกากน้ำตาลโดยวิธีการกระตุ้นด้วยสารเคมีและไมโครเวฟ

วารสารวิชาการและวิจัย มทร.พระนคร, ปีที่ 15, ฉบับที่ 1 (ม.ค.-มิ.ย. 2564), หน้า 167-178This research aims to produce activated carbon from molasses via a chemical activation process with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and a microwave heating process, which consumes less energy and provides more rapid and uniform heat distribution than a conventional heating. The obtained activated carbon was then characterized with BET, SEM and FTIR. It exhibited a large specific surface area of 1,631 m2/g, and a total pore volume of 1.124 cm3/g consisting of mesopore and micropore. In addition, the active functional groups were also found on the surface of the activated carbon. Thus, it was brought for the adsorption test with methylene blue. It was found that the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon increased with time and reached the equilibrium within 8 hours. The adsorption data of the activated carbon were corresponded to Langmuir isotherm with the highest adsorption capacity of 370.37 mg/g. The adsorption kinetic of the activated carbon exhibited pseudo-second order reaction suggesting to the chemisorption phenomenon. From the thermodynamic study, it revealed that the adsorption process were endothermic and spontaneous reactions.Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakho

Descriptive Study: Anesthesia for Awake Craniotomy in Siriraj Hospital

Background: The purpose of awake craniotomy is to test neurological functions to ensure accurate lesion surgery and lessen postoperative neurological complications. There are several methods to provide anesthesia during awake craniotomy including local anesthesia infiltration, local anesthesia plus conscious sedation, general anesthesia and wake-up during surgery and sleep again (asleep-awake-asleep or AAA). Each method has its pro and con with different complications. In Siriraj Hospital, there was no prior study of anesthetic techniques and complications of awake craniotomy. Methods: The retrospective descriptive study of awake craniotomy was carried out with 60 patients in Siriraj Hospital 2007-2011. Results: There were 35 males (58.3%) with average age 40.7±12.6 years and weight 64.2±12 kilograms undergoing awake craniotomy. Twenty patients (33.3%) presented with seizure before surgery. Most diagnosis was oligodendroglioma in 25 patients (41.7%), mostly at the frontal lobe (44 patients or 73.3%). The most common position was supine(46patientsor76.7%). ICU lengthof stay was1.4±0.9(0,6)days. Hospital stay was11.1±9 (4,55)days. Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) was mostlyused(52patientsor90%) while18patients (30%) received scalp block. Most patients (85%) did not require nasal airways while 8 patients (13.3%) did, and only 1 patient (1.7%) required laryngeal mask airway (LMA) to help open up air passage. The drugs used during asleep1 and asleep2 were propofol together with dexmedetomidine and fentanyl in 34 patients (56.7%) and 23 patients (38.3%), respectively. Whilebeingawake (15patientsor20%),dexmedetomidine and/or fentanyl were administered. Complications during anesthesia were hypertension (33.3%), hypotension (26.7%), upper airway obstruction(23.3%), bradycardia (15%), tachycardia (10%), seizure (1.7%) andnausea (1.7%). Conclusion: The most common anesthesia method inSiriraj Hospital for awake craniotomy was TIVA (90%), using propofol together with dexmedetomidine and fentanyl. Only one patient (1.7%) received anesthesia via inhalation with LMA. Complicationsduringanesthesia were mostlyhypertension,hypotensionandupperairway obstruction, respectively

การผลิตและคุณลักษณะของแบคทีเรียลเซลลูโลสที่ผลิตด้วย Acetobacter xylinum TISTR 978 จากน้ำคั้นเปลือกสับปะรด

วารสารวิชาการและวิจัย มทร.พระนคร, 13(1) : 180-192This research studies the production of bacterial cellulose from Acetobacter xylinum TISTR 975 with pineapple peel juice, a low cost carbon source, and coconut water as nutrient and carbon source. The factors influencing the production were studied including incubation time, type of carbon sources and ratio of mixed carbon sources. In addition, the characteristics of the produced bacterial cellulose were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA), Differential Scanning Colorimeter (DSC) and x-ray Diffractometer (xRD). It was found that the coconut water produced the amount of bacterial cellulose higher than the pineapple peel juice with 10 days of production. An addition of the coconut water into the pineapple peel juice increased the amount of bacterial cellulose. The characteristics of two bacterial celluloses from two different sources were nearly similar but the one from the pineapple peel juice had higher impurities. It can be concluded that the pineapple shell extract could be used as low cost carbon source for bacterial cellulose production.Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakho