66 research outputs found
Técnicas analíticas para la determinación de residuos zoosanitarios y fitosanitarios
Parque Científico Tecnológico Aula De
Performance of a new microbial test for quinolone residues in muscle
Concerns regarding the presence of drug residues
in foods include allergic reactions, toxicity, technological
problems in fermented products and the development of
antibiotic resistance in human pathogens. The analysis of
antimicrobial residues in foods is generally carried out, in a
first step, through microbiological screening tests. These
tests commonly use Geobacillus stearothermophilus as
target specie but show a low ability to detect quinolones.
The goal of our study was to evaluate the performance of a
new microbiological test (Equinox) for detection of
quinolone residues in muscle. The kit contains an ampoule
with a standardized number of freeze-dried Escherichia coli
and must be diluted with a specific detection medium
containing a redox indicator. Microbial growth will modify
the redox potential of the medium being observed through a
colour change (from blue to brown/orange). Equinox limits
of detection for most of tested quinolones (enrofloxacin,
norfloxacin, sarafloxacin, marbofloxacin, ciprofloxacin,
danofloxacin and difloxacin) were below or around
maximum residue limit (MRL) UE and CCβ values
obtained corresponded with the determined sensitivities.
In contrast, flumequine could not be detected at MRL UE
levels. Moreover, Equinox displayed a low sensitivity to
other antimicrobials. Sensitivity data obtained in vitro were
consistent when testing incurred muscle samples. Matrix
constituents, test batch and animal species did not affect the
performance of the test. Equinox could be easily automated
enabling a large numbers of simultaneous analysis, and a
photometric reading can be applied for a precise interpretation.
The results obtained in this study prove that Equinox
is a useful tool when screening for quinolone residues or
can be combinedwith othermethods for screening of unknown
sample
Aplicaciones y concentraciones de plaguicidas en la zona regable de La Violada tras la modernización
Peer ReviewedPublishe
Impact of gilt immunocastration on weight losses and instrumental and chemical characteristics of Teruel dry-cured ham
A total of 32 fresh hams intended for the Spanish Protected Designation of Origin “Teruel ham” were used to evaluate the impact of gilt immunocastration (vs. entire gilts) on weight losses during the dry-curing process. After processing, 20 dry-cured hams (10 of each group) were chosen at random to assess instrumental and chemical characteristics. Hams from immunocastrated gilts tended (P = 0.057) to present lower weight losses, they were fattier (P 0.05). It can be concluded that, in general, immunocastration could be a good strategy in gilts to improve the quality of Teruel dry-cured ham.Jamón de TeruelPublishe
Antibiotic properties of Satureja montana L. hydrolate in bacteria and fungus of clinical interest and its impact in non-target environmental microorganisms
The aim of this study was to analyse the microbicidal and microbiostatic activity of S. montana hydrolate L., the water-soluble fraction of the hydro-distillation process used to obtain the essential oil, on 14 Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungus of clinical interest. To consider whether this hydrolate is a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional antibiotics, its effect on non-target microorganisms in the aquatic and terrestrial environment was analysed using natural soil and river microorganism communities, characterized through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results showed that S. montana hydrolate was especially effective (25% v/v concentration) against Pasteurella aerogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae and Acinetobacter baumannii (priority 1, WHO). It was also a microbicide for a further 7 bacterial strains and the fungus Candida albicans (50% v/v concentration). The river and soil communities exposed to the hydrolate showed a decrease in their growth, as well as a decrease in their ability to metabolize polymers and carbohydrates (soil microorganisms) and polymers, carboxylic and ketone acids (river microorganisms). Hydrolates could be an alternative to conventional antibiotics, but their impact on the environment must be taken into account.Publishe
Statin use and the risk of colorectal cancer in a population-based electronic health records study
There is extensive debate regarding the protective effect of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) on colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to assess the association between CRC risk and exposure to statins using a large cohort with prescription data. We carried out a case-control study in Catalonia using the System for Development of Primary Care Research (SIDIAP) database that recorded patient diseases history and linked data on reimbursed medication. The study included 25 811 cases with an incident diagnosis of CRC between 2010 and 2015 and 129 117 frequency-matched controls. Subjects were classified as exposed to statins if they had ever been dispensed statins. Analysis considering mean daily defined dose, cumulative duration and type of statin were performed. Overall, 66 372 subjects (43%) were exposed to statins. There was no significant decrease of CRC risk associated to any statin exposure (OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.95-1.01). Only in the stratified analysis by location a reduction of risk for rectal cancer was observed associated to statin exposure (OR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.81-0.92). This study does not support an overall protective effect of statins in CRC, but a protective association with rectal cancer merits further research
Sedimentation and biomineralization processes in Las Eras Lake (Coca-Olmedo wetland)
La Laguna de Las Eras es uno de los pequeños y someros cuerpos de
agua, que forman el humedal de la zona Coca-Olmedo (cuenca del Duero),
caracterizado por su elevada alcalinidad, lo que constituye un rasgo singular
dentro de Europa. La laguna presenta una salmuera de tipo Na-Mg-Cl-
SO4 y su superficie está colonizada por tapices microbianos, donde se desarrollan
estructuras sedimentarias inducidas por los microorganismos (MISS).
Se reconocen diversos minerales autigénicos asociados a los tapices: thenardita,
hidromagnesita, sulfatos y fosfatos magnésicos, azufre y halita. Junto
a éstos destacan, por ser carbonatos atípicos en Europa, natrón y trona. El
estudio petrográfico de los precipitados revela que éstos guardan una estrecha
relación con las estructuras microbianas, sugiriendo cierta influencia
de los microorganismos en la precipitación mineral. Los tapices microbianos
de la laguna de Las Eras constituyen buenos análogos para comprender los
procesos geobiológicos y ahondar en la reconstrucción paleoambiental de los
lagos alcalinos que han existido desde el ArcaicoLas Eras Lake is one of the small and shallow bodies of water, which
form the highly alkaline Coca-Olmedo wetland (Duero Basin), a unique feature
within Europe. The lake brine is a Na-Mg-Cl-SO4 type. The lake hosts
benthic microbial mats and its surface shows microbially influenced sedimentary
structures (MISS). Associated with the microbial mats, several authigenic
minerals are recognized such as thenardite, hydromagnesite, magnesium-
bearing sulphate and phosphate, halite and sulphur.Among these we
highlight the occurrence of natron and trona because the sodium-bearing
carbonates are uncommon in the european region. The scanning electron
microscopy study reveals that the minerals are closely related to microbial
structures, suggesting some influence of microorganisms in the mineral precipitation.
Recent microbial mats as those hosted in Las Eras Lake are good
analogues for understanding geobiological processes. Knowledge of these
processes provides a model for paleoenvironmental reconstruction of alkaline
endorheic lakes that have existed since the Arc
Effects of HCV Eradication on Bone mineral density in HIV/HCV Coinfected Patients
Little is known about the effects of eradication of HCV on bone mineral density (BMD) and biomarkers of bone remodeling in HIV/HCV coinfected patients.
We prospectively assessed standardized BMD (sBMD) at the lumbar spine and femoral neck, World Health Organization (WHO) BMD categories at both sites, and plasma concentrations of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaβ ligand (sRANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) at baseline (the date of initiation of anti-HCV therapy) and at 96 weeks.
A total of 238 patients were included, median age 49.5 years, 76.5% males, 48.3% with cirrhosis, 98.3% on antiretroviral therapy, median CD4+ cell count 527 cells/mm 3, 86.6% with HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL. The prevalence of osteoporosis at baseline at the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) was 17.6% and 7.2%, respectively. Anti-HCV therapy comprised pegylated interferon and ribavirin (PegIFN-RBV) plus one direct-acting antiviral in 53.4%, PegIFN-RBV in 34.5%, and sofosbuvir/RBV in 12.2%. A total of 145 (60.9%) patients achieved sustained viral response (SVR). No significant effect of SVR was observed on sBMD for the interaction between time and SVR either in the LS (P=0.801) or the FN (P=0.911). Likewise, no significant effect of SVR was observed in plasma levels of sRANKL (P=0.205), OPG (P=0.249), and sRANKL/OPG ratio (P=0.123) for the interaction between time and SVR. No significant correlation was found between fibrosis by transient elastography, and LS and FN sBMD, at baseline, and week 96.
SVR was not associated with significant changes in BMD nor biomarkers of bone remodeling in HIV/HCV-coinfected persons.This study was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCII), grant numbers PI11/01556, PI14/01094, PI14/01581, and PI14CIII/00011, and by Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad, grant number EC11-241. The study was also funded by the RD16/0025/0017, RD16/0025/0018 and RD16CIII/0002/0002 projects as part of the Plan Nacional R + D + I and cofunded by ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER).S
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