OS DESAFIOS DA INSULINOTERAPIA NA EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE, NA ASSISTÊNCIA FARMACÊUTICA E NO CUIDADO DOMICILIAR

Objective: to analyze the challenges of insulin therapy in health education, pharmaceutical assistance and home care. Method: This was an integrative review, whose purpose is to gather and synthesize research results on a delimited theme or issue, in a systematic and orderly manner, contributing to the deepening of knowledge of the investigated theme. With the following guiding question: “How are people with diabetes being oriented regarding the use of insulin in their homes?”. Review carried out from thirteen scientific articles chosen according to criteria and published between 2017 and 2022. Results: The studies analyzed, in addition to the drug application technique, the process of transporting and storing insulin and the management of sharps waste at home. Conclusion: the results showed that the reality of self-administration of insulin in adults with Diabetes Mellitus at home can be modified based on health education by the pharmacist, also contributing to the planning of strategic actions to reduce such challenges.  Objetivo: analizar los desafíos de la insulinoterapia en la educación para la salud, la asistencia farmacéutica y la atención domiciliaria. Método: Esta fue una revisión integradora, cuyo propósito es recopilar y sintetizar resultados de investigación sobre un tema o cuestión delimitada, de forma sistemática y ordenada, contribuyendo a la profundización del conocimiento del tema investigado. Con la siguiente pregunta orientadora: “¿Cómo se está orientando a las personas con diabetes respecto al uso de la insulina en sus hogares?”. Revisión realizada a partir de trece artículos científicos elegidos según criterio y publicados entre 2017 y 2022. Resultados: Los estudios analizaron, además de la técnica de aplicación del fármaco, el proceso de transporte y almacenamiento de la insulina y la gestión de los objetos cortopunzantes en el hogar. Conclusión: los resultados mostraron que la realidad de la autoadministración de insulina en adultos con Diabetes Mellitus en el domicilio puede ser modificada a partir de la educación en salud por parte del farmacéutico, contribuyendo también para la planificación de acciones estratégicas para reducir tales desafíos.  Objetivo: analisar os desafios da insulinoterapia na educação em saúde, na assistência farmacêutica e no cuidado domiciliar. Método: Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa, cuja finalidade é reunir e sintetizar resultados de pesquisas sobre um delimitado tema ou questão, de maneira sistemática e ordenada, contribuindo para o aprofundamento do conhecimento do tema investigado. Com a seguinte questão norteadora: “Como os portadores de diabetes estão sendo orientados quanto ao uso de insulina em seus domicílios?”. Revisão realizada a partir de treze artigos científicos escolhidos a critérios e publicados entre 2017 e 2022. Resultados: Foram analisados nos estudos, além da técnica de aplicação do fármaco, o processo de transporte e armazenamento da insulina e o manejo dos resíduos perfurocortantes no domicílio. Conclusão: os resultados evidenciaram que a realidade da autoaplicação de insulina em adultos com Diabetes Mellitus no domicílio pode ser modificada a partir da educação em saúde pelo farmacêutico, colaborando também para o planejamento das ações estratégicas para diminuir tais desafios.Objetivo: analisar os desafios da insulinoterapia na educação em saúde, na assistência farmacêutica e no cuidado domiciliar. Método: Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa, cuja finalidade é reunir e sintetizar resultados de pesquisas sobre um delimitado tema ou questão, de maneira sistemática e ordenada, contribuindo para o aprofundamento do conhecimento do tema investigado. Com a seguinte questão norteadora: “Como os portadores de diabetes estão sendo orientados quanto ao uso de insulina em seus domicílios?”. Revisão realizada a partir de treze artigos científicos escolhidos a critérios e publicados entre 2017 e 2022. Resultados: Foram analisados nos estudos, além da técnica de aplicação do fármaco, o processo de transporte e armazenamento da insulina e o manejo dos resíduos perfurocortantes no domicílio. Conclusão: os resultados evidenciaram que a realidade da autoaplicação de insulina em adultos com Diabetes Mellitus no domicílio pode ser modificada a partir da educação em saúde pelo farmacêutico, colaborando também para o planejamento das ações estratégicas para diminuir tais desafios

Controladoria na gestão pública: um estudo na unidade de controle interno (UCI) do município de Castanhal sob a ótica da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal (LRF) / Controllership in public management: a study in the internal control unit (ICU) of the municipality of Castanhal from the perspective of the Fiscal Responsibility Law (LRF)

Este estudo aborda a temática da controladoria na Administração Pública no âmbito municipal, tendo como base a Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal. Trata-se de uma pesquisa na controladoria da Unidade de Controle Interno no município de Castanhal-Pará, (UCI) com o propósito de identificar a contribuição desse controle interno diante da LRF. Para tal, fez-se uma abordagem sobre a LRF contextualizando a Administração Pública, e apontando aspectos fundamentais dessa lei (transparência, controle e fiscalização), adentrando, na sequencia, a controladoria e a fiscalização na Administração Pública. A partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, por meio da análise técnica de conteúdo aplicado nas respostas dos servidores da UCI desse município, buscou-se confrontar os olhares sobre as práticas e conhecimento do referido controle e identificar de que forma a controladoria contribui na Administração Pública conforme a LRF.Das análises realizadas, inferiu-se que a controladoria auxilia no processo de controle e fiscalização da gestão municipal, constituindo-se um instrumento de apoio aos gestores para se buscar a melhoria da qualidade dos serviços prestados e contribuir para uma gestão pública mais ordeira e eficiência

Educação em saúde para crianças e adolescentes como sujeitos de direitos e prioridades nas políticas públicas: um relato de experiência / Health education for children and adolescents as subjects of rights and priorities in public policies: an experience report

 Desde o princípio, sabe-se que as crianças e adolescentes eram sujeitos desprovidos de direitos e prioridades, além disso eram considerados como desajustados na sociedade. No entanto para que houvesse mudança nesta realidade, notou-se a necessidade de incrementar políticas públicas voltadas a este público. Desta forma, em 1990 criou-se o Estatuto da criança e do adolescente (ECA), e mais tarde em 2007 o Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE), os quais contribuíram fortemente para dar subsídios e ampliação a eficácia e concretização de direitos e prioridades, tanto na saúde como educação de crianças e adolescentes. Por esta razão, este estudo teve por objetivo relatar a vivência de estudantes de enfermagem no desenvolvimento de atividades inerentes à área da saúde de crianças e adolescentes como sujeitos de direitos e prioridades nas políticas públicas, ao abordar a metodologia da problematização, por meio das etapas do arco de Charles Maguerez. Trata-se de um relato de experiência a partir da realização de ações educativas e do diagnóstico situacional da realidade, de crianças de 6 a 8 anos de uma unidade de Centro de Referência da Assistência Social (CRAS) e adolescentes de 11 a 15 anos de uma escola de ensino fundamental, em um município no interior da Amazônia. A partir da ação educativa desenvolvida, ficou evidente a falta de conhecimento do público alvo relacionado aos seus direitos e deveres constante no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), o que reforça a importância do tema abordado e a intensificação das políticas públicas voltadas a crianças e adolescentes como sujeitos de direitos e prioridades

Use of grayscale histogram to assess testicular changes in ram caused by heat stress

Because it detects discrete changes in tissue density, ultrasound allows an early diagnosis of physiologic changes, especially when dealing with subclinical changes. aimed to evaluate the use of quantitative analysis of the gray scale of ultrasound images of ovine testicles as a method for early diagnosis of testicular changes caused by heat stress. Testicles from ten ovine were insulated and then evaluated regarding echogenicity, echotexture, anatomical measurements, and seminal characteristics. Echogenicity was the first variable to show changes during the insulation period, as well as the first one to show evidence of regeneration of those changes. There was a correlation (p 0.05) in echotexture. Testicular measurements were only altered (p < 0.05) after insulation; however, the structural integrity of the seminiferous tubules was not altered. Echogenicity is an efficient ultrasound parameter for the early diagnosis of a testicular degenerative process as well as for the early diagnosis of its regeneration

Use of grayscale histogram to assess testicular changes in ram caused by heat stress

Because it detects discrete changes in tissue density, ultrasound allows an early diagnosis of physiologic changes, especially when dealing with subclinical changes. aimed to evaluate the use of quantitative analysis of the gray scale of ultrasound images of ovine testicles as a method for early diagnosis of testicular changes caused by heat stress. Testicles from ten ovine were insulated and then evaluated regarding echogenicity, echotexture, anatomical measurements, and seminal characteristics. Echogenicity was the first variable to show changes during the insulation period, as well as the first one to show evidence of regeneration of those changes. There was a correlation (p &lt; 0.05) between echogenicity and sperm vigor, motility, and mass sperm motility, as well as a correlation (p &lt; 0.05) between echotexture and motility. Echogenicity, motility, vigor, and mass sperm motility decreased (p &lt; 0.05) within four days of testicular insulation, and there was no change (p &gt; 0.05) in echotexture. Testicular measurements were only altered (p &lt; 0.05) after insulation; however, the structural integrity of the seminiferous tubules was not altered. Echogenicity is an efficient ultrasound parameter for the early diagnosis of a testicular degenerative process as well as for the early diagnosis of its regeneration.Because it detects discrete changes in tissue density, ultrasound allows an early diagnosis of physiologic changes, especially when dealing with sub-clinical changes. The study aimed to evaluate the use of quantitative analysis of the grayscale of ultrasound images of ovine testicles as a method for early diagnosis of testicular changes caused by heat stress. Testicles from ten rams were insulated and then evaluated regarding echogenicity, echotexture, anatomical measurements, and seminal characteristics. Echogenicity was the first variable to show changes during the insulation period, as well as the first one to show evidence of regeneration of those changes. There was a correlation (p &lt; 0.05) between echogenicity and sperm vigor, sperm motility, and mass sperm motility, as well as a correlation (p &lt; 0.05) between echotexture and motility. Echogenicity, sperm motility, vigor, and mass sperm motility decreased (p &lt; 0.05) within four days of testicular insulation, and there was no change (p &gt; 0.05) in echotexture. Testicular measurements were only altered (p &lt; 0.05) after insulation. Echogenicity is an efficient ultrasound parameter for the early diagnosis of a testicular degenerative process as well as for the early diagnosis of its regeneration

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Detection of Oral Entamoeba Gingivalis and Trichomonas Tenax in Adult Quilombola Population with Periodontal Disease

The objective was to analyze the periodontal condition severity and the occurrence of pathogenic microorganisms in the oral cavity of an adult population of an Afrodescent Community of northeastern Brazil. This is an observational and cross-sectional study performed through an oral clinical examination, using a standardized clinical record. For the subjects with periodontal disease, the bacterial biofilm was collected in a Petri dish containing 0.9% physiological solution to detect the presence of microorganisms Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax, and later observed under an optical microscope. Statistical analysis was performed by calculating the prevalence of periodontal disease and the frequency of the protozoa in the bacterial biofilm. Statistical significance of the relationships researched was verified by Fisher's exact test. It was evaluated 29 subjects pertaining to the Quilombola Patioba community, aged 35 to 44 years. The results showed that among the adults of the community, there was a high prevalence of periodontal disease (75.86%), being higher in the 1st and 6th sextants of the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). E. gingivalis positivity occurred in most sextants affected by gingivitis, while in the condition of periodontitis, this microorganism was not present in the 3rd, 4th and 6th sextants. In all sextants affected by periodontal disease, T. Tenax was observed when associated with gingivitis. It is worth mentioning the begging of the elaboration of health policies, social and professional commitment that foster a greater promotion of oral health and quality of life for the quilombolas of northeastern Brazil.El objetivo fue analizar la severidad de la condición periodontal y la aparición de microorganismos patógenos en la cavidad oral de una población adulta de una comunidad afrodescente del noreste de Brasil. Este es un estudio observacional y transversal realizado a través de un examen clínico oral, utilizando un registro clínico estandarizado. Para los sujetos con enfermedad periodontal, la biopelícula bacteriana se recogió en una placa de Petri que contenía una solución fisiológica al 0,9% para detectar la presencia de microorganismos Entamoeba gingivalis y Trichomonas tenax, y luego se observó bajo un microscopio óptico. El análisis estadístico se realizó calculando la prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal y la frecuencia de los protozoos en la biopelícula bacteriana. La significación estadística de las relaciones investigadas se verificó mediante la prueba exacta de Fisher. Se evaluaron 29 sujetos pertenecientes a la comunidad Quilombola Patioba, de 35 a 44 años. Los resultados mostraron que entre los adultos de la comunidad, hubo una alta prevalencia de enfermedad periodontal (75.86%), siendo mayor en el sexto sexto y sexto del Índice periodontal comunitario (IPC). La positividad de E. gingivalis se produjo en la mayoría de los sextantes afectados por gingivitis, mientras que en la condición de periodontitis, este microorganismo no estaba presente en los sextantes tercero, cuarto y sexto. En todos los sextantes afectados por enfermedad periodontal, se observó T. Tenax cuando se asoció con gingivitis. Vale la pena mencionar el inicio de la elaboración de políticas de salud, compromiso social y profesional que promuevan una mayor promoción de la salud oral y la calidad de vida de las quilombolas del noreste de Brasil

BALANCE Dietary Index in Patients with Heart Failure, and Its Adherence in Sergipe, Brazil

Background: “The effective treatment of Heart Failure (HF) involves care with food intake. Recently, the Ministry of Health created the Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet and its dietary index, BALANCE, which assesses adherence to the standard’s recommendations”. Methods: This observational prospective study is part of the Congestive Heart Failure Registry (VICTIM-CHF) of Aracaju/SE. Observations and data collection took place from April 2018 to February 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical aspects and food consumption were evaluated. Food intake was determined using the food frequency questionnaire. Foods were categorized using the BALANCE dietary index into green, yellow, blue and red food groups. The BALANCE dietary index was obtained using median and interquartile ranges, scores of the Mann–Whitney U test, and associations between clinical variables and the index, through linear regression. Results: Participants included 240 patients with HF (61.12 ± 1.06 years), who were assisted by the Unified Health System (67.5%). Individuals with a partner showed greater adherence to the green food group recommendations (0.09; 0.00–0.17). The lowest adherence to recommendations regarding the blue food group was observed in individuals with excess weight, who had a higher consumption of foods rich in animal protein (0.54; 0.38–0.78). As for the red food group (ultra-processed foods) the highest adherence was observed by patients with diabetes mellitus (0.41; 0.05–0.77). The greatest adherence to the yellow food group, and a higher score, was observed in patients with the smallest left ventricular systolic diameter (LVSD). Conclusions: Being married was directly associated with the consumption of foods in the green group, while being overweight and having diabetes were inversely associated with adherence to the blue and red food groups, respectively. Greater adherence to the yellow food group recommendations was inversely associated with less change in the DSFVE