Regime tecnológico, ambiente de inovação e desempenho empresarial no setor de serviços: um estudo exploratório das empresas de tecnologia da informação

Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar la influencia del régimen tecnológico (MALERBA; ORSENIGO, 1993) e del ambiente de la innovación (MALERBA, 2002,; LUNDVALL, 1992) en el perfil innovador de Empresas brasileñas de tecnología de la información. Este perfil está definido por las estrategias adoptadas tecnológico (FREEMAN; SOETE, 1997), y los resultados de la empresa, medido através de las innovaciones y los indicadores económicos (bienes, ingresos netos y el número de empleados). Usando la análisis estadística multivariada, foram testados los constructos relacionados a cada uno de las variables analizadas y también las correlaciones entre estes constructos. El constructo del Régimen tecnológico que es basado en cuatro dimensiones (oportunidad, apropriabilidad, cumulatividad y base de conocimiento), demostró una alta correlación con el construto “perfil innovador” , salvo la dimensión “base de conocimiento”. En el construto "ambiente de la innovación” los indicadores de cooperación y participación de otras instituciones presentaron correlación alta con el “perfil innovador”. Es alta también la correlación deste perfil con los constructos de innovación y actuación económica. En teoría y en práctica, el estudio presente sugiere que el ambiente tecnológico influencia la innovación y las compañías que logran actividades de la innovación son capaces de obtener resultados económicos y de innovación positivos y correlacionados.O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar a influência do regime tecnológico (MALERBA; ORSENIGO, 1993) e do ambiente de inovação (MALERBA, 2002; LUNDVALL, 1992) sobre o perfil inovativo das empresas de tecnologia da informação, definido pelas estratégias tecnológicas adotadas (FREEMAN; SOETE, 1997), e sobre o desempenho empresarial, medido tanto em relação às inovações geradas quanto em termos econômicos (ativos, receita líquida, patrimônio líquido e pessoal ocupado). Utilizando técnicas estatísticas de análise multivariada, foram testados construtos relativos a cada uma das variáveis analisadas e as correlações entre esses construtos. O construto regime tecnológico que está baseado em quatro dimensões (oportunidade, apropriabilidade, cumulatividade e base de conhecimento) demonstrou-se altamente correlacionado com o perfil inovativo, com exceção da dimensão base de conhecimento. No construto ambiente de inovação, os indicadores de cooperação e outras instituições apresentaram alta correlação com o perfil inovativo. Teórica e praticamente, o presente estudo sugere que o ambiente tecnológico favorece a inovação neste setor e as empresas que realizam atividades de inovação são capazes de obter desempenhos inovativos e econômicos positivos e correlacionados.This paper aims to identify and analyze the influence of the technological regime (MALERBA; ORSENIGO, 1993) and innovation environment (MALERBA, 2002; LUNDVALL, 1992) on the innovative profile, defined by the technological strategies adopted (FREEMAN; SOETE, 1997), and entrepreneurial performance, measured in relation to innovations generated as well as economic indicators (assets, net revenue and number of employees). Using statistical multivariate analysis, constructs related to each one of the analyzed variables were tested and the correlations among these constructs were examined. it was demonstrated that the Technological Regime construct, which is based on four dimensions (opportunity, appropriability, cumulativity and knowledge base), has a high correlation with the “innovative profile” construct, except for the “knowledge base” dimension. In the Innovation Environment construct, the indicators of cooperation and other institutions showed a high correlation with the “innovative profile”. This profile, in its turn, showed a strong correlation with the constructs of innovation and economic performance. In theory and in practice, the present study suggests that the technological environment favours innovation in this sector and that companies that carry out innovation activities are capable of achieving positive, innovative, correlated economic performances

Methods to Evaluate Land-Atmosphere Exchanges in Amazonia Based on Satellite Imagery and Ground Measurements

During the last three decades, intensive campaigns and experiments have been conducted for acquiring micrometeorological data in the Amazonian ecosystems, which has increased our understanding of the variation, especially seasonally, of the total energy available for the atmospheric heating process by the surface, evapotranspiration and carbon exchanges. However, the measurements obtained by such experiments generally cover small areas and are not representative of the spatial variability of these processes. This chapter aims to discuss several algorithms developed to estimate surface energy and carbon fluxes combining satellite data and micrometeorological observations, highlighting the potentialities and limitations of such models for applications in the Amazon region. We show that the use of these models presents an important role in understanding the spatial and temporal patterns of biophysical surface parameters in a region where most of the information is local. Data generated may be used as inputs in earth system surface models allowing the evaluation of the impact, both in regional as well as global scales, caused by land-use and land-cover changes

Sobre a presença de artéria facial em caprino

The AA. reported the occurrence of the right facial artery a half-face of caprine. According to literature, the facial artery is absent in the small ruminants. The traject, distribution and pattern of the facial artery has been related by the AA.Os autores observaram na hemiface direit a de um caprino SRD a presença da artéria facial que, nessa espécie animal, usualmente está ausente. O comportamento e a distribuição da citada artéria, bem como as alterações por ela determinadas no esquema vascular da região são descritas pelos autores

Acute Auditory Stimulation with Different Styles of Music Influences Cardiac Autonomic Regulation in Men

Background: No clear evidence is available in the literature regarding the acute effect of different styles of music on cardiac autonomic control. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of classical baroque and heavy metal musical auditory stimulation on Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in healthy men. Patients and Methods: In this study, HRV was analyzed regarding time (SDNN, RMSSD, NN50, and pNN50) and frequency domain (LF, HF, and LF / HF) in 12 healthy men. HRV was recorded at seated rest for 10 minutes. Subsequently, the participants were exposed to classical baroque or heavy metal music for five minutes through an earphone at seated rest. After exposure to the first song, they remained at rest for five minutes and they were again exposed to classical baroque or heavy metal music. The music sequence was random for each individual. Standard statistical methods were used for calculation of means and standard deviations. Besides, ANOVA and Friedman test were used for parametric and non-parametric distributions, respectively. Results: While listening to heavy metal music, SDNN was reduced compared to the baseline (P = 0.023). In addition, the LF index (ms2 and nu) was reduced during exposure to both heavy metal and classical baroque musical auditory stimulation compared to the control condition (P = 0.010 and P = 0.048, respectively). However, the HF index (ms2) was reduced only during auditory stimulation with music heavy metal (P = 0.01). The LF/HF ratio on the other hand decreased during auditory stimulation with classical baroque music (P = 0.019). Conclusions: Acute auditory stimulation with the selected heavy metal musical auditory stimulation decreased the sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation on the heart, while exposure to a selected classical baroque music reduced sympathetic regulation on the heart

Exome and Tissue-Associated Microbiota as Predictive Markers of Response to Neoadjuvant Treatment in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

The clinical and pathological responses to multimodal neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancers (LARCs) remain unpredictable, and robust biomarkers are still lacking. Recent studies have shown that tumors present somatic molecular alterations related to better treatment response, and it is also clear that tumor-associated bacteria are modulators of chemotherapy and immunotherapy efficacy, therefore having implications for long-term survivorship and a good potential as the biomarkers of outcome. Here, we performed whole exome sequencing and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) amplicon sequencing from 44 pre-treatment LARC biopsies from Argentinian and Brazilian patients, treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or total neoadjuvant treatment, searching for predictive biomarkers of response (responders, n = 17; non-responders, n = 27). In general, the somatic landscape of LARC was not capable to predict a response; however, a significant enrichment in mutational signature SBS5 was observed in non-responders (p = 0.0021), as well as the co-occurrence of APC and FAT4 mutations (p < 0.05). Microbiota studies revealed a similar alpha and beta diversity of bacteria between response groups. Yet, the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of effect size indicated an enrichment of Hungatella, Flavonifractor, and Methanosphaera (LDA score ≥3) in the pre-treatment biopsies of responders, while non-responders had a higher abundance of Enhydrobacter, Paraprevotella (LDA score ≥3) and Finegoldia (LDA score ≥4). Altogether, the evaluation of these biomarkers in pre-treatment biopsies could eventually predict a neoadjuvant treatment response, while in post-treatment samples, it could help in guiding non-operative treatment strategies.Fil: Takenaka, Isabella Kuniko T. M.. No especifíca;Fil: Bartelli, Thais F.. No especifíca;Fil: Defelicibus, Alexandre. No especifíca;Fil: Sendoya, Juan Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Golubicki, Mariano. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Gastroenterología "Dr. Carlos B. Udaondo"; ArgentinaFil: Robbio, Juan. No especifíca;Fil: Serpa, Marianna S.. No especifíca;Fil: Branco, Gabriela P.. No especifíca;Fil: Santos, Luana B. C.. No especifíca;Fil: Claro, Laura C. L.. No especifíca;Fil: Oliveira dos Santos, Gabriel. No especifíca;Fil: Kupper, Bruna E. C.. No especifíca;Fil: da Silva, Israel T.. No especifíca;Fil: Llera, Andrea Sabina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: de Mello, Celso A. L.. No especifíca;Fil: Riechelmann, Rachel P.. No especifíca;Fil: Dias Neto, Emmanuel. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Iseas, Soledad. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Gastroenterología "Dr. Carlos B. Udaondo"; ArgentinaFil: Aguiar, Samuel. No especifíca;Fil: Nunes, Diana Noronha. No especifíca