Patterns of Iberian economic growth in the early modern period

Around 1500 Spain and Portugal were among the most affluent nations in the world, and had income levels which were similar to those of other Western European countries. Three hundred years later the Iberian economies had lost their economic supremacy and fell behind all the main European powers. When did the first two global empires in history lose their hegemony to become secondary actors? What were the foundations of the collapse that explains the divergence from northwestern Europe? In this chapter we address these issues and describe what we now know about the long-term trends of Iberian economies between 1500 and 1800.We are thankful to António Henriques, Leandro Prados de la Escosura, Jaime Reis and Joan Rosés for discus-sions. The usual disclaimer applies. Nuno Palma gratefully acknowledges funding from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (CEECIND/04197/2017

Sinergia bidireccional: casos de empresa como créditos prácticos. Exposición de dos casos de estudio

Póster presentado en: VIII Jornadas de Innovación Docente de la UBU, Burgos, 5 de abril de 2016, organizadas por el Instituto de Formación e Innovación Educativa-IFIE de la Universidad de Burgo

Albendazole Solid Dispersions: Influence of Dissolution Medium Composition on In Vitro Drug Release

The rate-limiting step to drug absorption is often dissolution from the dosage form, especially for poorly soluble com-pounds. Two possibilities for improving the dissolution of these drugs are to increase the available surface area and to im-prove their apparent solubilities under physiologically relevant conditions with surfactants as wetting agents. Albendazole (ABZ), one of the most effective broad-spectrum antihelminthic agents, has a very low aqueous solubility, which leads to an erratic availability. Solid dispersions (SD) with different amounts of carriers (P188 and PEG6000) were formulated to improve the ABZ dissolution rate. When the dissolution test is used to infer biopharmaceutical properties of the dosage form, it is es-sential that the method simulates the gastrointestinal conditions. The objective of this study was to examine the applicabil-ity of different dissolution media to the evaluation of ABZ and ABZ-SD dissolution rates. Dissolution profiles were performed by the official method (0.1 N HCl) and Simulated Gastric Fluid modified with a surfactant. Wetting was evaluated through the determination of surface tension and contact angle of the solutions. The dissolution rate of ABZ was clearly affected by the variables assessed in this study. These results have implications in the design of physiologically based dissolution media.Fil: González Vidal, Noelia Luján. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Cátedra de Control de Calidad de Medicamentos; ArgentinaFil: Castro, Silvina Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez Bruni, Sergio Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Fisiopatología. Laboratorio de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Allemandi, Daniel Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; ArgentinaFil: Palma, Santiago Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentin

IMPACTOS DA CULTURA ORGANIZACIONAL NA OPERACIONALIZAÇÃO DOS PROCESSOS DE PROGRESSÃO FUNCIONAL DA ESCOLA DE DANÇA DA UFBA

Este artigo, a partir da concepção da importância crescente de mais bem se estudar diferentes aspectos da gestão do ensino superior, tem por questão de pesquisa: Quais os impactos da cultura organizacional na operacionalização dos processos de progressão funcional docente no NAC da UFBA, no período de 2009-2013? A pesquisa de campo foi feita através de entrevista estruturada com 5 docentes de perfil diverso do citado núcleo, sendo sempre que possível trazidas suas falas integrais como forma de permitir ao leitor um conhecimento mais detalhado de suas percepções em relação aos aspectos explorados. Como principais achados das entrevistas confirmaram-se os pressupostos teóricos trazidos em autores a exemplo de Rorato e Dias (2011), Marra e Melo (2005), Zago (2000), Macedo e Pires (2006), da predominância do modelo cultural burocrático e categorizado como modelo Apolo nas organizações públicas em geral e nas IFES no particular. Sugere-se a continuidade deste estudo com a realização de trabalhos que ampliem esta pesquisa na própria UFBA e em outras IES localizadas no país

Circadian rhythms of proliferation events in two mouse carcinomas

We studied the index of DNA synthesis (DNAs) of two cellular carcinomas: the hepatocellular ES12a and the mammary TN60 of mice, throughout one circadian cycle. In the results, we observed that both tumors have circadian rhythms (CRs), but the peaks of DNAs vary. Besides, the mean of DNAs along 24 h shows significative differences, the TN60 has higher values than the ES12a. These observed CR in the DNAs index in both carcinomas mean that, at least in partly, the proliferation of cancer cells can be regulated by endocrine factor as it normally occurs in ordinary cells. The big problem we can find for the chronopharmacology is that it is impossible to know in advance the rate of proliferation of each tumor.Fil: Garcia, Marcela. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Andrini, Laura Beatríz. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Marina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Inda, Ana. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Palma, Maria Belen. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Miriuka, Santiago Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Errecalde, Ana Lia. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Argentin

Comparative Evaluation of Monocular Augmented-Reality Display for Surgical Microscopes

Abstract-Medical augmented reality has undergone much development recently. However, there is a lack of studies quantitatively comparing the different display options available. This paper compares the effects of different graphical overlay systems in a simple micromanipulation task with "soft" visual servoing. We compared positioning accuracy in a real-time visually-guided task using Micron, an active handheld tremor-canceling microsurgical instrument, using three different displays: 2D screen, 3D screen, and microscope with monocular image injection. Tested with novices and an experienced vitreoretinal surgeon, display of virtual cues in the microscope via an augmented reality injection system significantly decreased 3D error (p < 0.05) compared to the 2D and 3D monitors when confounding factors such as magnification level were normalized

Utilización de altas dosis de ácido ascórbico en el tratamiento del SARS Covid-19: Soporte Científico y Clínico para su aplicación en terapéutica

The 2019 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization. Due to the sudden appearance of this pandemic process associated with increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide, various treatments have been implemented. In this framework, high doses of vitamin C began to be used in critically ill patients. We analyze the clinical trials and/or research papers available in the literature. Although more evidence on its effectiveness is needed is important for the specialist to understand the clinical logic of this use to determine if it is correct as a concomitant treatment. Conclusions: It seems that using high doses of vitamin C parenterally is a safe, available and economical alternative especially for critically ill patients.El coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) ha sido declarado una emergencia de salud pública de impacto internacional por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Debido a la aparición repentina de este proceso pandémico asociado con alta morbilidad y la mortalidad en todo el mundo, se han implementado varios tratamientos en los pacientes aquejados con esta dolencia. En este marco, comenzaron a usarse en pacientes críticos altas dosis de vitamina C. En este trabajo, analizamos los ensayos clínicos y / o trabajos de investigación disponibles en la literatura. Aunque se necesita más evidencia sobre su efectividad, es importante que el especialista comprenda la lógica clínica de este uso para determinar si es correcto como tratamiento concomitante. Conclusiones: El uso de altas dosis de vitamina C por vía parenteral parece ser una alternativa segura, disponible y económica, especialmente para pacientes críticos.publishedVersionFil: Rossetti, Cristian Alan. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Argentina.Fil: Rossetti, Cristian Alan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentina.Fil: Real, Juan Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Argentina.Fil: Real, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentina.Fil: Palma, Santiago Daniel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Argentina.Fil: Palma, Santiago Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentina

A new method for 3D printing drugs: Melting solidification printing process

Conventional manufacturing methods for oral administration forms are adapted to produce large batches of tablets of identical dosage form (same geometry, size and dosage). These methods are inflexible or not economically feasible to be adapted to the production of small, customized batches, either for special groups of patients or special geometries . In recent decades, additive manufacturing, more commonly known as 3D printing (3DP), has become a promising tool in many production processes, including the medical and pharmaceutical industry. This technology enables on demand, layer-by-layer fabrication of 3D objects of almost any shape and size based on digital designs. In this way, it is easy to manufacture individualized objects, custom made . This technology allows precise doses to be deposited, based on the initial ?ink? concentration and the physical dimensions of the formulation . Pharmaceutical industry interest in 3DP has grown continuously since the US FDA approval of a 3D-printed drug in August 2015. The potential of 3DP in the pharmaceutical field is enormous. 3DP simplifies the traditional manufacturing process by reducing the usual steps (grinding, wet granulation, dry granulation, compression, coating, etc.) and allows for the variation of the sizes and geometry of the tablets; and it also allows the combination of materials of different nature . Although this type of production cannot match the speed (it is 60-times slower) or the costs of large-scale production methods, the 3D printers? ability to produce different parts with enormous flexibility would allow the manufacture of pharmaceutical forms on demand, that is, to individualize drugs according to the needs of each patient, as well as it would allow combining different active ingredients (multidose tablets)Fil: Coggiola, Vivian Natali. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; ArgentinaFil: Real, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; ArgentinaFil: Palma, Santiago Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentin