Suplementação com progesterona injetável de longa ação em cabras boer após monta natural

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of progesterone supplementation (P4) long acting injectable after natural mating on pregnancy rate and litter size of Boer goats. Conducted in two experimental steps were used twenty-six goats Boer, with averagebody condition score of 3.5 ± 0.1; average weight of 50 ± 0.2kg and age between 2 and 4 years previously selected by gynecological examination with ultrasound transrectal aid. During the experimental period the animals were subjected to extensive system, Buffel grass grazing (Cenchrus ciliaris), mineral salt and water ad libitum. All females received on day zero (D0) intravaginal sponges impregnated with 60mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) (Progespon®, Syntex SA, Argentina), plus 0.25 mg oxytetracycline acetate (Terramicina®, Zoetis, Brazil). In D6, the sponges were removed and then applied 2.5 mg of a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F2á the dinoprost tromethamine (Lutalyse®, Zoetis, Brazil) and 300 IU (1.5 mL) of equine chorionic gonadotropin (Novormon®, Zoetis, Brazil), Brazil), intramuscularly (IM). Thirty-six hours after removal of the intravaginal sponge was administered 12,5μg (0.5mL) GnRH (Gestran plus®, Agroline, Brazil), intramuscularly as ovulation inducer. The estrus detection management was performed by a player. For the toppings were used four male fertility proven with body condition score of 3.5 average and average age of three years. The male: female proportion was six females to one male. On the fourth day after the toppings, the goats were randomized into two groups (G), as follows: G1 (n = 13) Control group - no supplementation injectable P4 and G2 (n = 13): supplemented with 0.75 mg P4 injectable long-acting (Sincrogest injetável®, Ouro Fino, Brazil), IM. The pregnancy rate was held at 30 and 60 days after coverage by transrectal ultrasound examination. The prolificacy data were obtained by the average number of births goats for parity. The completely randomized design was used to evaluate experimental stage effect we used the general linear model, the data did not show normal distribution by the Shapiro-Wilk test and were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test at 5% probability. There effect in batch experimental stages (P> 0.05). There was no difference between groups (P> 0.05) pregnancy rate at 30 days (73.0%) at 60 days (69.0%) and prolificacy (1.00 ± 1.25 born goats) . Thus, it is not recommended supplementation with injectable P4 long action on the fourth day after the coverage, not to improve the pregnancy rate and litter size of Boer goats.O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da suplementação de progesterona (P4) injetável de longa ação após monta natural sobre a taxa de gestação e prolificidade de cabras Boer. Foram utilizadas vinte e seis cabras da raça Boer, com média de escore de condição corporal de 3,5±0,1; peso vivo médio de 50±0,2kg e idade entre 2 e 4 anos, selecionadas previamente por meio de exame ginecológico com auxílio de ultrassonografia via transretal. Durante o período experimental os animais foram submetidos a sistema semintesivo, em pastejo de capim Buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris), com sal mineral e água à vontade. Todas as fêmeas receberam no dia zero (D0) esponjas intravaginais impregnadas com 60mg de acetato de medroxiprogesterona, acrescidas de 0,25mg de acetato de oxitetraciclina. No D6, as esponjas foram retiradas e em seguida aplicado 2,5mg de um análogo sintético de prostaglandina F2α, e 300UI de gonadotrofina coriônica equina, por via intramuscular (IM). Trinta e seis horas após a retirada da esponja intravaginal foi administrado 12,5μg (0,5mL) de GnRH, por via IM, como indutor de ovulação. Para as coberturas foram utilizados quatro machos de fertilidade comprovada na proporção de seis fêmeas para um macho. No quarto dia após as coberturas, as cabras foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em dois grupos experimentais (G), sendo: G1 (n=13) grupo controle – sem suplementação com P4 injetável e G2 (n=13): com suplementação de 0,75mg de P4 injetável de longa ação, por via IM. A taxa de gestação foi realizada aos 30 e 60 dias após cobertura por meio de exame ultrassonográfico transretal. Os dados de prolificidade foram obtidos pela média do número de cabritos nascidos por número de partos. Foi utilizado o Delineamento Inteiramente Casualizado para avaliar o efeitoetapa experimental usou-se o modelo linear geral, foi utilizado o teste Shapiro-Wilk para avaliara a normalidade, em que as variáveis taxa de gestação e prolificidade não apresentaram distribuição normal. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste de Mann-Whitney a 5% de probabilidade. Não houve diferença entre os grupos (P>0,05) para taxa de gestação aos 30 dias (73,0%), aos 60 dias (69,0%) e para prolificidade (1,00±1,25 cabritos nascidos). Desta forma, não é recomendado o uso da suplementação com P4 injetável de longa ação no quarto dia após a cobertura na dose avaliada

Evaluación de la calidad seminal de conejos alimentados con dietas que contienen diferentes niveles de inclusión de semillas de linaza (Linum usitatissimum)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) on the physical and morphological quality of fresh and refrigerated rabbit semen. Twenty New Zealand males were used, and distributed in four groups according to the level of inclusion of flaxseed in the total diet for 100 days: 0 %, 3 %, 6 %, and 9 %. Fifteen days after starting the supply of the diet, seminal collections were made once a week with an artificial vagina and a female as a dummy. For the physical and morphological evaluations, the semen was diluted in Tris-Egg Yolk medium and cooling at 5 °C; progressive sperm motility, and spermatic vigor and morphology were assessed at 0, 2, 12, 24, 48, and 72 post-cooling hours. This information was analyzed through analyses of variance and regression at 5 % significance. For the morphology, volume, color, and seminal appearance of fresh semen (p > 0.05), there was no difference. For volume, turbidity, motility, vigor, and concentration, average values of 0.92 ± 0.24 mL; 0.86 ± 0.35; 76.58 ± 7.13 %; 3.37 ± 0.28, and 205.75 ± 20.77 x 106 sptz were recorded, respectively. There were differences for motility and vigor at 0, 2, 12, 24, 48, and 72 post-cooling hours (p > 0.005). In conclusion, the inclusion of up to 9 % flaxseed in the rabbit diet did not alter the physical and microscopic parameters evaluated in this study in fresh and refrigerated rabbit semen.El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la semilla de linaza (Linum usitatissimum) en la calidad física y morfológica del semen fresco y refrigerado de conejos. Se emplearon 20 machos Nueva Zelandia distribuidos en grupos según niveles de inclusión de semilla en su dieta durante 100 días: 0 %, 3 %, 6 % y 9 %. 15 días después de iniciar el suministro de la dieta se realizaron colectas seminales una vez por semana con vagina artificial y una hembra como maniquí. Para la evaluación física y morfológica se diluyó en medio Tris-yema y refrigerado a 5 °C; se valoró la motilidad espermática progresiva, el vigor espermático y la morfología espermática a las 0, 2, 12, 24, 48 y 72 horas post-refrigeración. La información fue analizada mediante análisis de varianza y de regresión al 5 % de significancia. Para la morfología, volumen, color y aspecto seminal del semen fresco (p > 0,05) no hubo diferencia. Para volumen, turbidez, motilidad, vigor y concentración, hubo valores medios de 0,92 ± 0,24 mL; 0,86 ± 0,35; 76,58 ± 7,13 %; 3,37 ± 0,28 y 205,75 ± 20,77 × 106 sptz, respectivamente. Hubo diferencia para motilidad y vigor espermático a las 0, 2, 12, 24, 48 y 72 horas post-refrigeración (p < 0,005). Se concluyó que la inclusión de hasta 9 % de semilla de linaza en la dieta de conejos no alteró los parámetros físicos y microscópicos evaluados en este estudio en semen fresco y refrigerado de conejo

ÁCIDO ASCÓRBICO NO DILUIDOR PARA CRIOPRESERVAÇÃO DE SÊMEN CAPRINO

Objetivou-se determinar o efeito e o melhor nível de inclusão de ácido ascórbico em meio diluidor TRIS-Gema para criopreservação de sêmen caprino. Foram utilizados cinco ejaculados de três bodes da raça Anglo Nubiana. Cada ejaculado foi dividido em quatro alíquotas de 200 µL, compondo quatro tratamentos: um sem adição de ácido ascórbico (controle) e os demais com 0,0528; 0,1056 e 0,1584mg/mL de ácido ascórbico no diluidor TRIS-Gema. Avaliaram-se motilidade espermática progressiva e vigor espermático pós-diluição, pós-resfriamento e pós-descongelamento; integridade de membrana (HOST); integridade acrossomal e teste de termorresistência lento (TTR). Os dados foram submetidos à Análise de Regressão a 5% de probabilidade. Não houve diferença para motilidade progressiva e para vigor espermático, repectivamente, na pós-diluição; pós-resfriamento e pós-descongelamento, assim como para os testes complementares HOST e após 120 minutos do TTR, para motilidade e vigor, no pós-descongelamento (P>0,05). Houve comportamento quadrático com a inclusão do ácido ascórbico para integridade acrossomal (61,58%), com nível ótimo de 0,1006mg/mL de ácido ascórbico (P<0,05). A inclusão de 0,1006mg/mL de ácido ascórbico no diluidor TRIS-Gema melhorou a integridade acrossomal durante o processo de criopreservação, podendo ser uma alternativa na composição dos diluidores seminais caprinos.  Palavras-chave: antioxidantes; espermatozoide; estresse oxidativo; TRIS-gema

ASCORBIC ACID IN EXTENDER FOR CRYOPRESERVATION OF GOAT SEMEN

The objective of this study was to determine the optimal inclusion level of ascorbic acid in TRIS-yolk extenders for cryopreservation of goat semen. We used five ejaculates of three Anglo Nubian goats. Semen from each animal was divided into four 200μL aliquots, composing four treatments: no addition of ascorbic acid (control) and 0.0528, 0.1056, and 0.1584mg/mL of ascorbic acid in TRIS-egg yolk. We evaluated motility and sperm vigor after dilution, post-cooling, and post-thawing; membrane integrity (HOST); acrosomal integrity, and slow thermoresistance test (TRT). Data were subjected to regression analysis at 5% probability. There was no difference for the progressive motility and sperm vigor, respectively, in the post-dilution, after cooling and post-thawing, as well as the additional tests HOST and after 120 minutes of TRT, for motility and force, respectively, in post-thawing (P>0.05). There was a quadratic effect with the addition of ascorbic acid to the acrosome integrity parameter, presenting a great maximum level of 0.1006 mg/mL ascorbic acid for acrosome integrity of 61.58% (P<0.05). The addition of ascorbic acid was effective in maintaining sperm viability, especially acrosome integrity during the cryopreservation process until the level of 0.1006 mg/mL, and it may be an alternative composition of seminal extenders for goats.Keywords: antioxidants; oxidative stress; sperm; TRIS-yolk

Perfil metabólico de conejos suplementados con niveles de semilla de linaza (Linum usitatissimum) en la dieta

Many oilseeds are a source of essentials fatty acids that are necessary for the coverage of the basic functions in the organism. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) inclusion in the diet of rabbits through the metabolic profile. Twenty males of the New Zealand breed of 8 months were used. Divided in four groups, they received flaxseed (L. usitatissimum) levels in the total diet: 0 %, 3 %, 6 % y 9 %, for a period of 88 days. The animals were subjected to a blood collection every 22 days to determine glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), creatinine and urea. The data were evaluated by analysis of variance and regression with 5 % significance. The inclusion of flaxseed (L. usitatissimum) in the rabbit diet showed a positive quadratic effect for plasmatic concentration of glucose and total cholesterol. There was no significant difference between treatments for plasma concentration of triglycerides, low- density lipoproteins (LDL), very low - density lipoproteins (VLDL) and urea. There was a cubic effect for cholesterol- and creatinine. The inclusion of flaxseed (L. usitatissimum) in the diet had hypercholesterolemic effect in these animals.Diversas semillas de oleaginosas son fuente de ácidos grasos esenciales indispensables para cubrir las funciones básicas en el organismo. El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de semilla de linaza (Linum usitatissimum) en la dieta de conejos por medio del perfil metabólico. Se utilizaron 20 machos de la raza Nueva Zelandia de 8 meses de edad. Distribuidos en cuatro grupos, recibieron niveles de semilla de linaza (L. usitatissimum) en la dieta total: 0 %, 3 %, 6 % y 9 %, durante un período de 88 días. Los animales se sometieron a colecta de sangre cada 22 días para determinar glucosa, colesterol total, lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL), triglicéridos, lipoproteínas de muy baja densidad (VLDL), lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL), creatinina y urea. Los datos se evaluaron por análisis de varianza y de regresión con 5 % de significancia. La inclusión de semilla de linaza (L. usitatissimum) en la dieta presentó comportamiento cuadrático positivo para concentración plasmática de glucosa y colesterol total. No hubo diferencia significativa entre los tratamientos para la concentración plasmática de triglicéridos, lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL), lipoproteínas de muy baja densidad (VLDL) urea. Hubo comportamiento cúbico para lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL) y creatinina. La inclusión de linaza (L. usitatissimum) en la dieta no presentó efecto hipercolesterolémico en estos animales

Application of hormonal subdoses at acupoint Hou Hai in estrus synchronization protocols of goats

The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of hormonal subdoses at acupoint Hou Hai in estrus synchronization of goats. Sixty-nine females goats received intravaginal sponges containing 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate for seven days and were randomly distributed among three treatments: T1 (n = 23): application of 125 ?g of PGF2? on the sixth day (D6) and 300 UI of eCG on the seventh day (D7), both intramuscularly (IM); T2 (n = 23) and T3 (n = 23): application 37.5 ?g of PGF2? at D6 and 90 UI of eCG at D7, applied by Hou Hai acupuncture and false acupuncture (IM), respectively. The goats were subjected to hormonal protocol and monitored for the coverage and evaluation of reproductive parameters. The data were subjected to normality analysis, followed by appropriate statistical tests for each variable. Greater numbers of estrus goats were obtained in treatments one (T1 = 100%) and three (T3 = 91.3%) (p 0.05) for sponge removal intervals at the beginning (35.9 h) and end (59.8 h) of estrus, and for the duration of estrus (24.7 h), gestation rate at 30 (77%) and 60 (76.7%) days, and prolificacy (1.9). The use of PGF2? and eCG in subdoses applied to the Hou Hai acupoint or false acupoint was efficient in synchronizing estrus in goats, based on the rate of gestation and prolificity of the animals