1,421 research outputs found
Palaeobiology, ecology, and distribution of stromatoporoid faunas in biostromes of the mid-Ludlow of Gotland
Six well exposed mid−Ludlow stromatoporoid−dominated reef biostromes in four localities from the Hemse Group in southeastern Gotland, Sweden comprise a stromatoporoid assemblage dominated by four species; Clathrodictyon mohicanum, “Stromatopora” bekkeri, Plectostroma scaniense, and Lophiostroma schmidtii. All biostromes investigated in this area (of approximately 30 km2) are interpreted to belong to a single faunal assemblage forming a dense accumulation of fossils that is probably the best exposed stromatoporoid−rich deposit of the Silurian. The results from this comprehensive study strengthen earlier interpretations of a combination of genetic and environmental control on growth−forms of the stromatoporoids. Growth styles are similar for stromatoporoids in all six biostromes. Differences in biostrome fabric are due to variations in the degree of disturbance by storms. The uniformity of facies and the widespread low−diversity fauna support the view that palaeoenvironmental conditions were similar across the area where these biostromes crop out, and promoted the extraordinary growth of stromatoporoids in this shallow shelf area
Recent Heavy Ion Results with the ATLAS Detector at the LHC
Results are presented from the ATLAS collaboration from the 2010 LHC heavy
ion run, during which nearly 10 inverse microbarns of luminosity were
delivered. Soft physics results include charged particle multiplicities and
collective flow. The charged particle multiplicity, which tracks initial state
entropy production, increases by a factor of two relative to the top RHIC
energy, with a centrality dependence very similar to that already measured at
RHIC. Measurements of elliptic flow out to large transverse momentum also show
similar results to what was measured at RHIC, but no significant pseudorapidity
dependence. Extensions of these measurements to higher harmonics have also been
made, and can be used to explain structures in the two-particle correlation
functions that had long been attributed to jet-medium interactions. New hard
probe measurements include single muons, jets and high hadrons. Single
muons at high momentum are used to extract the yield of bosons and
are found to be consistent within statistical uncertainties with binary
collision scaling. Conversely, jets are found to be suppressed in central
events by a factor of two relative to peripheral events, with no significant
dependence on the jet energy. Fragmentation functions are also found to be the
same in central and peripheral events. Finally, charged hadrons have been
measured out to 30 GeV, and their centrality dependence relative to peripheral
events is similar to that found for jets.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, proceedings for Quark Matter 2011, Annecy,
France, May 23-28, 201
A remark on the expressivity of asynchronous TeamLTL and HyperLTL
Linear temporal logic (LTL) is used in system verification to write formal specifications for reactive systems. However, some relevant properties, e.g. non-inference in information flow security, cannot be expressed in LTL. A class of such properties that has recently received ample attention is known as hyperproperties. There are two major streams in the research regarding capturing hyperproperties, namely hyperlogics, which extend LTL with trace quantifiers (HyperLTL), and logics that employ team semantics, extending truth to sets of traces. In this article we explore the relation between asynchronous LTL under set-based team semantics (TeamLTL) and HyperLTL. In particular we consider the extensions of TeamLTL with the Boolean disjunction and a fragment of the extension of TeamLTL with the Boolean negation, where the negation cannot occur in the left-hand side of the Until-operator or within the Global-operator. We show that TeamLTL extended with the Boolean disjunction is equi-expressive with the positive Boolean closure of HyperLTL restricted to one universal quantifier, while the left-downward closed fragment of TeamLTL extended with the Boolean negation is expressively equivalent with the Boolean closure of HyperLTL restricted to one universal quantifier
Correlation Functions and Coulomb Blockade of Interacting Fermions at Finite Temperature and Size
We present explicit expressions for the correlation functions of interacting
fermions in one dimension which are valid for arbitrary system sizes and
temperatures. The result applies to a number of very different strongly
correlated systems, including mesoscopic quantum wires, quantum Hall edges,
spin chains and quasi-one-dimensional metals. It is for example possible to
calculate Coulomb blockade oscillations from our expression and determine their
dependence on interaction strength and temperature. Numerical simulations show
excellent agreement with the analytical results.Comment: 10 pages in revtex format including 2 embedded figures (using epsf).
The latest complete postscript file is available from
http://fy.chalmers.se/~eggert/papers/corrfcn.ps or by request from
[email protected]
Phase-Controlled Force and Magnetization Oscillations in Superconducting Ballistic Nanowires
The emergence of superconductivity-induced phase-controlled forces in the
(0.01-0.1) nN range, and of magnetization oscillations, in nanowire junctions,
is discussed. A giant magnetic response to applied weak magnetic fields, is
predicted in the ballistic Josephson junction formed by a superconducting tip
and a surface, bridged by a normal metal nanowire where Andreev states form.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Schedulability-Driven Frame Packing for Multi-Cluster Distributed Embedded Systems
We present an approach to frame packing for multi-cluster distributed embedded systems consisting of time-triggered and event-triggered clusters, interconnected via gateways. In our approach, the application messages are packed into frames such that the application is schedulable. Thus, we have also proposed a schedulability analysis for applications consisting of mixed event-triggered and time-triggered processes and messages, and a worst case queuing delay analysis for the gateways, responsible for routing inter-cluster traffic. Optimization heuristics for frame packing aiming at producing a schedulable system have been proposed. Extensive experiments and a real-life example show the efficiency of our frame-packing approach
Interactions among three species of cereal aphids simultaneously infesting wheat
Interactions among greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), and bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) were examined on wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L., cultivar TAM 107). Nymphs were released on the plants as conspecific and heterospecific pairs of either first or fourth instars and evaluated for survival, developmental time, fecundity, intra-plant movement, and affinity to plant tissues. Survival from first instar to onset of reproduction averaged 90–100% across all pair combinations. Diuraphis noxia developed faster as conspecifics than in any heterospecific combination, and faster as conspecifics feeding on the same plant tissue than on different tissues. Fecundity of S. graminum was higher for conspecifics that developed on the same plant tissue than for those feeding separately. There was evidence of amensalism (one species was harmed while the other was unaffected) in that D. noxia experienced delayed development feeding in tandem with S. graminum, and reduced fecundity with both S. graminum and R. padi. Furthermore, S. graminum nymphs had reduced survival when their mothers matured on a same plant with R. padi. Both D. noxia and R. padi changed position on the plant more often when developing with S. graminum. Survival of second generation S. graminum nymphs was reduced when this species developed and reproduced in tandem with R. padi. Preferred feeding locations were S. graminum - primary leaf, D. noxia - tertiary leaf and R. padi - stem and these were not altered in any heterospecific combinations. Heterospecific aphids had no impact on fecundity or progeny survival in any species combination when fourth instars matured and reproduced on plants not previously exposed to aphid feeding, supporting the inference that systemic, aphid-induced changes in plant physiology mediated the effects observed when first instars developed and reproduced on the same plants
Causes of regional change—land cover
Anthropogenic land-cover change (ALCC) is one of the few climate forcings for which the net direction of the climate response over the last two centuries is still not known. The uncertainty is due to the often counteracting temperature responses to the many biogeophysical effects and to the biogeochemical versus biogeophysical effects. Palaeoecological studies show that the major transformation of the landscape by anthropogenic activities in the southern zone of the Baltic Sea basin occurred between 6000 and 3000/2500 cal year BP. The only modelling study of the biogeophysical effects of past ALCCs on regional climate in north-western Europe suggests that deforestation between 6000 and 200 cal year BP may have caused significant change in winter and summer temperature. There is no indication that deforestation in the Baltic Sea area since AD 1850 would have been a major cause of the recent climate warming in the region through a positive biogeochemical feedback. Several model studies suggest that boreal reforestation might not be an effective climate warming mitigation tool as it might lead to increased warming through biogeophysical processes
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