Constraints on the onset duration of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum.

The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, approx. 56 Ma) provides a test case for investigating how the Earth system responds to rapid greenhouse gas-driven warming. However, current rates of carbon emissions are approximately 10 Pg C yr-1, whereas those proposed for the PETM span orders of magnitude-from ≪1 Pg C yr-1 to greater than the anthropogenic rate. Emissions rate estimates for the PETM are hampered by uncertainty over the total mass of PETM carbon released as well as the PETM onset duration. Here, I review constraints on the onset duration of the carbon isotope excursion (CIE) that is characteristic of the event with a focus on carbon cycle model-based attempts that forgo the need for a traditional sedimentary age model. I also review and compare existing PETM carbon input scenarios employing the Earth system model cGENIE and suggest another possibility-that abrupt input of an isotopically depleted carbon source combined with elevated volcanic outgassing over a longer interval can together account for key features of the PETM CIE.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Hyperthermals: rapid and extreme global warming in our geological past'

Recruitment and Retention Issues Between Online and Face-to-Face Smoking-Cessation Treatment in the Workplace

The University Archives has determined that this item is of continuing value to OSU's history.Session 3. Presenter: Sandra Turner, Case Western Reserve University (2004) - "Recruitment and Retention Issues Between Online and Face-to-Face Smoking-Cessation Treatment in the Workplace"The Ohio State University College of Social Wor

Race and Residence: Prospects for Stable Neighborhood Integration

Analyzes changes in the racial composition of large metropolitan neighborhoods from 1990 to 2000, using data from the Neighborhood Change Database

Development of a novel empirical framework for interpreting geological carbon isotope excursions, with implications for the rate of carbon injection across the PETM

AbstractAs an episode of rapid global warming associated with the release of massive quantities of carbon to the atmosphere and oceans, the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ∼56 Ma) is considered a potential analog for modern anthropogenic carbon emissions. However, the prevailing order of magnitude uncertainty in the rate of carbon release during the PETM precludes any straightforward comparison between the paleo-record and the modern. Similar barriers exist to the interpretation of many other carbon isotope excursions in the geological record. Here we use the Earth system model cGENIE to quantify the consequences of differing carbon emissions rates on the isotopic record of different carbon reservoirs. We explore the consequences of a range of emissions scenarios – from durations of carbon input of years to millennia and constant versus pulsed emissions rates, and trace how the isotopic signal is imprinted on the different carbon reservoirs. From this, we identify a characteristic relationship between the difference in carbon isotope excursion sizes between atmospheric CO2 and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and the duration of carbon emissions. To the extent that available isotopic data spanning the PETM constrain the size of the marine and atmospheric carbon isotopic excursions, applying this empirical relationship suggests the duration of the component of carbon emissions that dominates the isotopic signal could be less than 3000 yr. However, utilizing the ratio of excursion size in the atmosphere to ocean as a metric to constrain duration of carbon emissions highlights the necessity to strengthen estimates for these two measurements across the PETM. Our general interpretive framework could be equally applied in assessing rates of carbon emissions for other geological events

Model for Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Packaging Design

This paper explores a studio course in packaging design within Rochester Institute of Technology, which touches on three key elements: First, the course is designed as an interdisciplinary studio comprised of fourth year and graduate students in graphic design, industrial design and packaging science, allowing them to refine skills in their own disciplines while expanding their breadth in other methods of thinking. This model, commonly called “T-shape” profile, is crucial in today’s professional practice (Design Council 2006). Second, the course involves a Fortune 500 company sponsor, who challenges students to develop packaging solutions in an internal design competition. While collaborations between academia and industry have been common since the Nineteenth Century, they never cease to offer great benefits to all parties involved (Lee 2000, 111). Third, the course assignments require students to develop environmentally friendly solutions. Sustainability has become a key element in packaging design, given the negative effect that current practices in manufacturing and mass consumption have on the environment (Elshof 2008, 134)

Giving Meaning to RFID and Cochlear Implants:Technology as tool, the normal self, and the enhanced self

RFID implants are controversial for their potential use in society. However, as the social shaping of technology predicts, technology itself is not inherently good or bad; it is important how the technology is used. Through an ongoing process of giving meaning to a technology, people incorporate a technology into their lives and in this sense ‘domesticate’ it. Using semi-structured interviews with people with a cochlear implant (CI) and do-it-yourselfers with a RFID implant, this study sheds light on the meaning individuals give to their implants. Three repertoires were found among my respondents: technology as a tool, the normal self, and the enhanced self. CI-users perceive the implant as a tool to be able to hear and participate in society. This study shows that the CI-users desire a body that functions as it normally should because they want to participate in society. The CI is a means to achieve this normalization and the fact that it is implanted rather than attached to the body is generally of minor concern. The RFID tagged persons can also perceive their implant as a tool, but attach different meanings to it. Whereas the CI-users want to blend in society, some RFID implantees use their implant to stand out. Some RFID implantees perceive themselves as upgraded and welcome a tighter integration of technology and their bodies. Moreover, believing in an enhanced self corresponds with wanting to modify the human body to improve the body’s capacity. This shows that desiring human enhancement is not only about the exact details of the enhancement, but also about the mere fact of being enhanced

European Composite of Convection Nowcasting for SESAR Deployment

Presentación realizada en la 3rd European Nowcasting Conference, celebrada en la sede central de AEMET en Madrid del 24 al 26 de abril de 2019